Discover why Zettlr became my favorite Markdown editor for daily writing, notes, and organization—simple, fast, and open-source.

close Google's AI unleashes new powerful scam-busting features for Android The ‘CyberGuy’ explains steps you can take to protect yourself from scams. Got an old computer collecting dust in a closet or tucked under a desk? You're not alone. Many people hold on to aging desktops and laptops, either as backup machines or because they still run "just fine." But here's the catch: if that PC is no longer receiving Windows updates, it could be a security risk, even if it seems perfectly functional. Janet from East Wakefield, NH, recently wrote to us about this very dilemma:"We need to update our computer due to Windows 11 not running on our older computer. We have two older computers, one we are upgrading and the second one I would like to continue to use on occasion. Do I run the risk of incursions into my software since I will no longer get security upgrades? Any advice on what I should remove (ie, finance info.)? Also, any advice for the older tower? Runs perfectly with solid state SSD. We are loath to put it into the recycling bin."The good news is you don't have to toss it just yet. With a few smart steps, you can use it safely or transform it into something completely new and useful. Let's look at how you can breathe new life into your old computer.JOIN THE FREE CYBERGUY REPORT: GET MY EXPERT TECH TIPS, CRITICAL SECURITY ALERTS, AND EXCLUSIVE DEALS — PLUS INSTANT ACCESS TO MY FREE ULTIMATE SCAM SURVIVAL GUIDE WHEN YOU SIGN UP! A woman working on her older laptop. (Kurt "CyberGuy" Knutsson)Why using an unsupported PC can be riskyFirst of all, once Microsoft stops supporting your version of Windows, your PC no longer receives security patches, bug fixes, updated drivers, or browser support. Even if the system still runs smoothly, it becomes more vulnerable to cyber threats like malware, ransomware, phishing attacks and data theft. An outdated operating system is like an unlocked door. Hackers and malicious software often target these systems specifically because of their weaknesses. If you plan to keep using an older computer, especially with internet access, it's time to update your operating system.How to protect your old PC for occasional useIf you still plan to use your PC occasionally, you can minimize the risks with these simple but effective steps:1. Use it offline only: The easiest way to stay secure is to keep your old PC off the internet entirely. You can still use it for:Word processingOrganizing archives or photosCreative projectsOffline games or journalingWithout internet access, you remove most external threats.2. Remove all sensitive data: Even if you’re only using your computer for basic tasks, it’s important to scrub any personal or financial information from the system. That includes:Tax documentsBank statementsSaved passwordsFiles with Social Security numbersScanned IDs or legal documentsOne effective way to securely wipe all personal files at once is to use the built-in Windows reset option, found under Settings > System > Recovery. This will remove your files and restore the system to a clean state. For step-by-step instructions, check out Microsoft’s guide to resetting your PC.Once your old PC is wiped, it’s smart to strengthen the security of your active devices. Turn on two-factor authentication (2FA) for your accounts and use a password manager to keep your credentials safe and organized. Get more details about my best expert-reviewed Password Managers of 2025 here.3. Disable browsers (or use a safer alternative): If you need occasional internet access, avoid using outdated browsers like old versions of Google Chrome or Microsoft Edge. Instead, try privacy-focused alternative browsers. Or better yet? Disable browsers altogether and connect to the web on a newer, supported device.4. Install strong antivirus software that supports legacy systems: Even an offline PC can be exposed via USB drives or transferred files. The best way to safeguard yourself from malicious links that install malware, potentially accessing your private information, is to have strong antivirus software installed on all your devices. This protection can also alert you to phishing emails and ransomware scams, keeping your personal information and digital assets safe. Before installing antivirus software, make sure your older computer meets the minimum system requirements. Check for supported operating system (OS) version, RAM, and processor architecture (32-bit or 64-bit). Most providers list these on their site. Get my picks for the best 2025 antivirus protection winners for your Windows, Mac, Android and iOS devices5. Keep important files on external storage: Avoid saving sensitive files directly on the old PC. Instead:Use a USB stick, external SSD or cloud storagePlug in external drives only when neededKeep backup copies in case the system failsThis keeps your data portable, protected and off the aging hardware. That way, your files are safe even if the old computer fails, and you can access them from newer devices anytime.WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)? A man working on his PC. (Kurt "CyberGuy" Knutsson)What about older Macs?While this guide focuses on Windows PCs, many of the same principles apply to older Macs, especially if your system is stuck on unsupported macOS versions like High Sierra or Mojave. The best way to stay safe is to limit internet use, remove sensitive data, use supported browsers and install reliable antivirus software.That said, older Macs have a few unique considerations:Limited upgrade paths: Apple restricts OS upgrades to certain hardware. You may be locked into an older system unless you install a custom macOS patcher or switch to Linux.Tighter integration with Apple services: Be sure to fully sign out of iCloud and disable Find My Mac before wiping or repurposing.Fewer repurposing options: While some Macs make great writing machines or media centers, they’re harder to customize or reconfigure than tower PCs because most Apple hardware isn’t designed for self-upgrades. Components like memory or storage are often sealed, soldered or require special tools to access.Ready for a second life? Here’s how to repurpose itIf the system still has a working tower, especially an SSD (Solid-State Drive), which provides fast storage and efficient performance, it could be perfect for a modern, low-cost makeover.Option 1: Install Linux for a secure, fresh operating systemLinux is a free, fast, and secure alternative to Windows that works especially well on older computers. It's still actively supported and great for basic tasks like browsing the web, checking emails, editing documents, streaming videos or even learning to code. You don't need to be a tech expert to install it, as most versions come with easy, step-by-step installers.Here are some beginner-friendly Linux versions (called "distributions" or "distros"):Linux Mint — Designed to feel familiar to Windows users, with a simple, traditional desktop and lots of built-in help.Ubuntu — One of the most popular Linux versions, known for its large support community and extensive online guides, making it easy to find help if you get stuck.Zorin OS — Offers a polished, modern look that resembles Windows or macOS, making it ideal for casual users or anyone switching from those systems. It even helps you run some Windows programs and provides a very user-friendly experience.For example, Zorin OS lets you choose a desktop layout that looks like Windows, so you don't have to relearn everything. Ubuntu is famous for its reliability and the huge number of tutorials available online, which is helpful if you're new to Linux.And yes, you really can install these yourself, even if you've never tried Linux before. This beginner’s guide to installing Linux Mint walks you through the entire process.Option 2: Turn it into a home server or backup station Your old PC can become the backbone of your home network. A few creative uses:Media center — Stream content to your TVPhoto/video archive — Store backups and organize family memoriesLocal file backup server — Save copies of important files from other devices at homePrint or file server — Share printers or storage across devicesThis keeps your old machine useful without needing daily interaction.Option 3: Selling your PCBefore you get rid of your old PC, consider whether selling or recycling is the best fit for you. Both options are eco-friendly and can be rewarding if done right. Here's how to handle your PC responsibly:Back up and wipe data: Save your important files to an external drive or cloud storage. Then, use secure data-erasing software to completely wipe your PC, ensuring your personal information is unrecoverable.Remove accounts and reset: Log out of all accounts, deactivate software licenses and perform a factory reset so the next owner starts fresh.Selling your PC: If your PC is in good condition, consider selling it through reputable platforms such as Amazon Trade-In, eBay, or local electronics stores. These options can put cash or gift cards in your pocket. Always be cautious of scams, use secure payment methods and avoid sharing unnecessary personal details.Option 4: Donate or responsibly upcycleIf you're done with it, let someone else benefit:Schools, nonprofits and senior centers often accept working devices.Buy Nothing or Freecycle groups can help you find a local taker.Some e-waste centers refurbish old PCs for families in need.Be sure to wipe the hard drive before donating. Consider using a data erasure tool or disk-wiping software to securely erase the entire hard drive. However, always back up any important files before wiping your drive. Always, confirm that you are targeting the correct storage device during the process to avoid accidental data loss. If you’re unable to securely erase sensitive materials from your hard drive, consider removing the drive before donation and recycling it separately.GET FOX BUSINESS ON THE GO BY CLICKING HERE Solid-State Drive. (Kurt "CyberGuy" Knutsson)Simple upgrades that can extend its life even furtherIf you’re keeping the machine and want to get the most out of it, a few basic hardware upgrades can go a long way, even on an older system. These are budget-friendly fixes that can significantly improve speed, stability and longevity.1. Add more RAM: If your system has 4GB or less, upgrading to 8 GB+ can significantly improve multitasking and responsiveness, especially with Linux. Look up your PC’s model number on the manufacturer’s website to find compatible memory. Many desktops (and some laptops) let you upgrade RAM by simply opening the case and inserting the new memory sticks into available slots.2. Upgrade to an SSD: If you're still using a traditional hard drive, switching to a solid-state drive can dramatically reduce boot times and make your PC feel brand new. For most older machines, look for SSDs labeled "2.5-inch SATA", which are the most widely compatible and easy to install. Some newer systems support faster NVMe SSDs, which connect directly to the motherboard. Check your PC model or open the case to see which type your system supports. Be sure to back up your files, then either reinstall the operating system manually or clone your current drive before replacing it.3. Clean out the dust and refresh thermal paste: Older desktops tend to overheat, which can slow things down or cause random shutdowns. Open up the case and:Use compressed air to clean fans and ventsConsider replacing the thermal paste on the CPU if it's been several years4. Swap out the battery or power supply: If your laptop battery no longer holds a charge, or if your desktop randomly shuts off, consider replacing the battery or power supply unit.Kurt’s key takeawaysJust because a computer is old doesn’t mean it’s useless. Whether you’re turning it into a writing station, a media server, or giving Linux a try, your old PC can still be a valuable tool. The key is security. Unsupported systems can be risky if used online, but with a few precautions or by repurposing them entirely, you can keep your data safe and extend the machine’s life in meaningful ways.CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APPHave you repurposed an old PC? We’d love to hear what you're doing with your older tech. Let us know by writing us atCyberguy.com/ContactFor more of my tech tips and security alerts, subscribe to my free CyberGuy Report Newsletter by heading to Cyberguy.com/NewsletterAsk Kurt a question or let us know what stories you'd like us to cover.Follow Kurt on his social channels:Answers to the most-asked CyberGuy questions:New from Kurt:Copyright 2025 CyberGuy.com. All rights reserved.   Kurt "CyberGuy" Knutsson is an award-winning tech journalist who has a deep love of technology, gear and gadgets that make life better with his contributions for Fox News & FOX Business beginning mornings on "FOX & Friends." Got a tech question? Get Kurt’s free CyberGuy Newsletter, share your voice, a story idea or comment at CyberGuy.com.

I recently took up travel journaling as an honest alternative to performative social media. My kit cobbles together the best pen, paper, and photo printer I could find to document vanlife adventures for my spawn and some version of my future self that I’ve yet to meet.My father left behind a typewritten memoir that I’ve returned to again and again since his passing so many years ago. Oh, how I wish there was a hand-written version instead of an impersonal Microsoft Word file — his all-capped lettering forged by a career as an engineer, replete with scribbles and smears made by his ever-callused right hand. Even better if those pages had been adorned with photos of the people, places, and things he wanted me to see.My journaling kit consists of three main parts: a Pilot V7 pen, a notebook from the Traveler’s Company, and a Fujifilm Instax Mini Link 3 photo printer. The journal can be modified to your whims. Photo by Thomas Ricker / The VergeI opted for this transparent pocket to carry tape and other journaling accessories. Photo by Thomas Ricker / The VergeRubber bands allow you to add additional inserts. I carry two notebooks in mine. Photo by Thomas Ricker / The VergeI also opted for this pen holder to keep everything together. Photo by Thomas Ricker / The VergeThe pen choice was easy — I just listened to Liz. I value her opinion over Sam Altman’s, so the first thing I did was buy a pack of four Pilot V7 pens for less than $10.The paper journal was a bit tougher decision and resulted in a few false starts. I should have known better than to cheap out on something purchased from Amazon. After being disappointed by a few different “leather” covers and mismatched paper inserts, I decided to visit a physical office-supply store to press flesh to actual product. It was there that I reveled in the discovery of journals from Japan’s Traveller’s Company.Traveller’s Company makes the leather-bound travel journals your mind likely conjures when considering the topic. The rough-cut leather cover is made by hand in Thailand, while the paper notebook inserts are made in Japan. The sound, feel, and smell that comes with scratching ink into this journal can bring on a meditative bliss.Small, but not too small.I purchased the regular-sized Traveler’s notebook for $55, which includes the leather cover, blank no-line notebook, cotton bag, and spare rubber band. I don’t use the bag because I want the cover to be as patinated as my worn face when time runs out. I also added a $16 pen clip, a second $5.50 blank notebook, a pack of $6.40 connecting bands, and a $9.20 transparent zipper case where I carry a roll of tape, extra retention bands, and miscellaneous mementos like receipts and ticket stubs. The notebook measures 4.8(H) x 3.5(W) x 0.15(D) inches and is entirely concealed by the 5.2 x 3.8-inch cover. It’s small, but not so small that it can be easily lost inside a cluttered van. And it’s large enough that the two open pages can easily hold a single day’s written entry, including a miniature photograph or two.Fujifilm’s $99 Instax mini link 3 is perhaps my favorite journaling accessory. I got the idea to print out photos alongside my journal entries from Charles Liu’s YouTube channel. It takes about two minutes to power on the rechargeable device, find a picture that best represents my day in my iPhone’s photo library, and print it out wirelessly. A twin pack of replacement film that’s good for 20 pics costs $15. Each 62 × 46mm photo saves me a thousand words of written text, they say, reducing each night’s journaling session to about 5 to 10 minutes. A holy union of analog and digital.All in, this kit cost me $216 and change, and it’s worth every penny. It makes journaling so easy and rewarding that it’s something I look forward to — not dread — at the end of almost every travel day. I even miss the ritual after returning home. Solid indicators that I’ve created a journaling solution I’ll stick with, hopefully resulting in an intimate library of notebooks that chronicles my earthly journey.Photos by Thomas Ricker / The VergeSee More: