We may earn a commission from links on this page. Deal pricing and availability subject to change after time of publication.The Fram TV is one of a million products on sale for Black Friday this year. If you're interested in the best tech on sale today, see our best Black Friday tech deals page for a broader view of all the best discounts you can get right now. Prices are accurate as of the time of writing, but you can expect them to fluctuate and inventory to sell out, so you may not want to hesitate if you see a sale that grabs you.Black Friday is here, with sales from Amazon, Walmart, Target, and Home Depot all offering record-low prices on many tech products. For those shopping around for a new TV, Samsung's new 55-inch The Frame from 2024 has a great deal: It's on sale for $897.99 (originally $1,497.99) after a 40% discount, the lowest price it has been according to price tracking tools. The 75-inch The Frame is also 40% off, currently $1,797.99 (originally $2,997.99). Samsung The Frame Smart TV, 55-inch $897.99 at Amazon $1,497.99 Save $600.00 Get Deal Get Deal $897.99 at Amazon $1,497.99 Save $600.00 Samsung The Frame Smart TV, 75-inch $1,797.99 at Amazon $2,997.99 Save $1,200.00 Get Deal Get Deal $1,797.99 at Amazon $2,997.99 Save $1,200.00 SEE -1 MORE Samsungs The Frame smart TVs have come a long way since their 2017 release. Launched to appeal to the crowd that wants a big TV but doesnt want that TV to dominate their decor, one of the newer features, released last year, introduced an anti-reflection matte display that took the framed artwork aspect to new levelsand with 4K picture quality. As the name implies, the allure of this TV is that it can double as a digital art frame, with its anti-glare matte display and customizable frame.I first saw the 2022 version up close when it was released, admittedly having been fooled by my brother into thinking it was an actual painting (it really does look like one). The matte screen does a good job of making the TV seem like a painting, and it's great for bright rooms that might otherwise get a lot of glare from the screen. This version had an "average" review from PCMag due mainly to poor contrast and its price. However, the new 2024 version is the latest generation of this series and has notable improvements. You'll get an improved refresh rate of 120Hz, the same QLED display, and 4K resolution with a Quantum 4K processor. You can buy frames separately to your taste, and even design them with a Harry Potter theme, like this guy did on TikTok. The Best Black Friday Deals You Can Still Shop Now Apple AirPods Pro 2 ANC Earbuds With USB-C Charging Case $154.00 (List Price $249.00) Apple iPad 10.2" 256GB Wi-Fi Retina Tablet (2021 Release) $279.99 (List Price $479.00) Meta Quest 3S 128GB VR Headset + $75 Digital Credit $299.00 (List Price $299.00) Blink Outdoor 4 1080p Security Camera (3-Pack) $99.99 (List Price $259.99) Bose QuietComfort Wireless Noise Cancelling Headphones $199.00 (List Price $349.00) Apple Watch Series 10 (GPS, 42mm, Black, S/M, Sports Band) $329.00 (List Price $399.00) Samsung Odyssey G93SC 49" Dual QHD OLED Curved Monitor $949.99 (List Price $1,599.99) Deals are selected by our commerce team

We may earn a commission from links on this page. Deal pricing and availability subject to change after time of publication.There isn't a week that goes by without a big box arriving on my doorstep with another stick or robot vacuum to test, but after a year, I'm still using the Samsung Bespoke stick vacuum. During Black Friday, it's 28% off, bringing its price down to $499.99 (originally $799.99). SAMSUNG BESPOKE Jet Cordless Vacuum w/ Clean Station $499.99 at Amazon $699.00 Save $199.01 Get Deal Get Deal $499.99 at Amazon $699.00 Save $199.01 My home is a fantastic testing ground for these machines, with every kind of surface possible, tons of obstacles, and a dog who somehow carries pounds of dirt and dust into the house every day. The Samsung Bespoke Jet Vacuum, a stick vacuum I didn't expect to think much of, is the vacuum I use every day. The vacuum comes with a stand that turns it into a modern sculpture, so there's no hiding it away. But that's OK, because that base is also a self-emptying dock. It turns out that once you have a self-emptying dock for your vacuum, you will realize how insulting it is that we've been touching all that debris and dust when we manually empty our vacuums. The stick extends long enough to be comfortable at almost any height, whether you're 5 or 6 feet tall. It comes with a crevice tool and a soft tool, which is my favorite. It's perfect for your laptop keyboard, books, sculptures and anything else you don't want to damage. The rollers on the main brush don't get clogged easily and I can't remember having to take the vacuum apart, ever. It sucks up dog toy floof, dust, and everything else in the way. It gets my rugs clean (like really clean) from dirty, dusty pawprints, and it gets into the corners on tile as well as hardwoods. As much as I like my Dyson, the Samsung is half the weight. That makes a difference on a daily basis. Also, my Dyson hates microdustit's the one thing that clogs the Dyson. My Samsung has no problem with it. The choice is clear for me. The Best Black Friday Deals You Can Still Shop Now Apple AirPods Pro 2 ANC Earbuds With USB-C Charging Case $154.00 (List Price $249.00) Apple iPad 10.2" 256GB Wi-Fi Retina Tablet (2021 Release) $279.99 (List Price $479.00) Meta Quest 3S 128GB VR Headset + $75 Digital Credit $299.00 (List Price $299.00) Blink Outdoor 4 1080p Security Camera (3-Pack) $99.99 (List Price $259.99) Bose QuietComfort Wireless Noise Cancelling Headphones $199.00 (List Price $349.00) Apple Watch Series 10 (GPS, 42mm, Black, S/M, Sports Band) $329.00 (List Price $399.00) Samsung Odyssey G93SC 49" Dual QHD OLED Curved Monitor $949.99 (List Price $1,599.99) Deals are selected by our commerce team

Black Friday is usually the best sale of the year on cameras and accessories and this year there are some particularly great deals this time around. Most of the major manufacturers including Sony, Canon, DJI, Nikon and GoPro are offering substantial discounts across a wide range of products, whether you're looking to spend a couple hundred dollars or several grand. Those include multiple options from our guide to the best cameras of 2024, so you'll get great value for tried and tested gear. These are the best Black Friday camera deals we found for 2024 that you can still get right now.Black Friday action cam and drone dealsDJI Mini 4K drone for $239 (20 percent off): It's right there in the name, as the DJI Mini 4K can shoot 4K30p or 27K 60p video. That's not bad at all at this price and quality is surprisingly good. Best of all, it weighs less than 250 grams so you don't need any kind of a permit to fly it. If you want to get it with extra batteries and a carrying case, the Fly More Combo is also discounted 20 percent to $359.DJI Osmo Action 4 action cam for $209 (30 percent off): Even though it was superceded by the Action 5, DJI's Osmo Action 4 is still a great action cam. It has a relatively large 1/1.3-inch sensor so it's great in low light, and offers 4K 120p video. You also get DJI's Rocksteady 3.0 stabilization, long battery life and a nifty magnetic locking system.GoPro Hero 13 Black accessory bundle for $349 (22 percent off): GoPro's best deal in my opinion is the Hero 13 Black accessory bundle pack. It not only gives you the company's awesome video camera with up to 5.3K capture, but two enduro batteries, the "Handler" handle, two curved adhesive mounts, a 64GB microSD card and a carrying case for the same price as the camera alone.Insta360 Ace Pro action cam for $300 (14 percent off): The Ace Pro is the first action camera with 8K recording, something we've still yet to see from GoPro or DJI. Another unique feature is the flip-up selfie screen that eliminates the need for a front screen. This is the lowest price we've seen yet for this model.Insta360 X4 action cam for $425 (15 percent off): Insta360's X4 sets the standard for 360 video with up to 8K of resolution, and it's now on sale at the lowest price we've seen yet. Rugged and waterproof, it offers powerful image stabilization, an invisible selfie stick and fun video modes.Black Friday mirrorless and compact camera dealsCanon EOS R100 camera with two lenses for $499 (40 percent off): This is one of the best camera deals going right now, letting you pick up Canon's small but powerful EOS R100 plus two lenses that cover from 18mm up to 210mm (27-315mm full-frame equivalent). Its size makes it ideal for travel and the lens selection will let you shoot anything from people pics to wildlife or bird shots.Sony ZV-1 II camera for $698 (22 percent off): The ZV-1 II is an ideal vlogging camera thanks to features like product showcase and background defocus that make it easy for creators to grab the perfect shot. The latest model features a wider zoom lens and more intuitive touchscreen, so it's better than ever for creators on the go.Nikon Z8 camera for $3,497 (13 percent off): The Nikon Z8 is the most powerful hybrid camera you can get for the money, thanks to the 45.7-megapixel stacked sensor, incredible burst speeds, high image quality and 8K RAW video capture. It stacks up feature-for-feature against Canon's slightly better R5 II, but currently costs a whopping $800 less.Canon EOS R8 camera for $1,199 (20 percent off): The R8 has Canons excellent Dual Pixel AF with subject recognition AI, and can shoot bursts at up to 40 fps. It's equally strong with video, supporting oversampled 10-bit 4K at up to 60 fps.Panasonic Lumix S9 camera with 20mm-60mm lens $1,498 (17 percent off): This is one of the best deals on a full-frame creator camera that we've seen. After testing one recently I found it to be small but powerful, with reliable autofocus, awesome video quality and those famous real-time LUTs so that creators can get the perfect look with no fuss.Sony A7 IV camera for $2,098 (16 percent off): Sony's 33-megapixel A7 IV is the best mid-range mirrorless camera you can get, thanks to a great mix of speed, resolution and video powers. The biggest selling point is the reliable autofocus that ensures you'll get sharp photos nearly all the time.Black Friday camera accessory dealsBlackmagic Design DaVinci Resolve 19 Studio $236 (20 percent off): DaVinci Resolve 19 is the best alternative to Adobe's Premiere Pro for video editing and unlike the latter, doesn't lock you into a subscription. The latest version offers a host of new AI-powered features like motion tracking and color grading.K&F Concept camera sling bag for $32 (16 percent off): If you need to travel light this bag can carry a surprising amount of gear while offering excellent protection and features like a side safety buckle.Amazon Basics 60-inch lightweight tripod with bag for $19 (27 percent off): This lightweight tripod weighs just 2.7 pounds and has adjustable leg heights and rubber feet. Though small, it can handle any camera and lens combo weighing up to 6.6 pounds.Lexar Silver Pro SDXC UHS-II 128GB (2 pack) memory card for $54 (26 percent off): This V60 card has enough speed for 4K 60p video capture and can unload files to your computer at a stellar 280 MB/s.ProGrade Digital 512GB CFexpress 4.0 Type B Gold memory card $140 (30 percent off): This is a solid deal on a mid-range memory card that offers max read/write speeds of 3400 MB/s and 3000 MB/s.SanDisk 256GB Ultra microSDXC memory card for $19 (27 percent off): A good compromise between speed and value, it offers speeds up to 150 MB/s for drones, consoles and other devices.Pixel G1s RGB video light for $56 (30 percent of): Pixel's G1s RGB video light is a must have for serious shooters, offering both a second illumination source and a colorful background light. Unlike many of the knockoffs, it exudes quality, and this is the lowest price I've seen yet.Blackmagic Design DaVinci Resolve Micro Color Panel $407 (20 percent off): The Micro Color Panel is portable, attractive, well-designed, nice to use and reasonably priced. If you sped a lot of time on color correction, you'll find it to be a time saver.Check out all of the latest Black Friday and Cyber Monday deals here.This article originally appeared on Engadget at https://www.engadget.com/deals/the-19-best-black-friday-deals-on-camera-gear-from-nikon-dji-canon-and-others-130004779.html?src=rss

Aside from Amazon Prime Day, Black Friday is the best time of year to pick up an Echo speaker, a Fire tablet or a Kindle ereader from Amazon. While the online retailer typically saves all of the best discounts on its devices for the members-only sale events, its a safe bet that those deals will come back around for Black Friday. This year is no different: were seeing record-low prices (or close to them) on all of Amazons gadgets. These are the best deals you can still get on Amazon devices for Black Friday 2024.Echo for $55 ($45 off): We consider this to be the best smart speaker for $100 or less at the moment thanks to its loud audio with good bass quality, the ability to pair two together for stereo sound and Alexas utility.Amazon Echo Spot for $45 ($35 off): This recently revived smart display is billed as a smart alarm clock, and it features a customizable screen, big sound for its size and all the perks for Alexa voice commands. You can also grab it bundled with a free Amazon Basics smart light bulb.Echo Dot for $23 ($27 off): This is one of the best smart speakers you can get right now thanks to its compact design, physical button controls that compliment voice commands and its solid sound quality for its size.Echo Pop for $18 ($22 off): One of Amazons newest smart devices, the Pop sports a 1.95-inch front-facing speaker, a physical mic mute switch for extra privacy and eero compatibility.Echo Show 8 for $80 ($70 off): This is our current top pick for the best smart display with Amazons Alexa thanks in part to its 8-inch touchscreen, 13MP camera that supports auto-framing for better video chats and its built-in Zigbee smart home hub.Echo Show 5 for $45 ($45 off): This is one of our favorite smart displays thanks to its compact design, ambient light sensor and sunrise alarm feature, all of which make it an excellent smart alarm clock. Amazon improved the speaker quality on this latest model, which gives sound deeper bass and clearer vocals.Echo Dot Kids for $28 ($32 off): The kids version of the Echo Dot uses the same basic hardware, but comes with a cute dragon or owl cover, plus parental controls and a years subscription to Amazon Kids+ that can play kid-friendly audiobooks and more.Echo Buds for $25 ($25 off): These are one of our top picks for the best budget wireless earbuds you can get right now thanks to their comfortable design, pocket-friendly case, automatic wear detection, multi-device connectivity and, of course, built-in Alexa voice controls.Kindle Paperwhite (2024) for $130 ($30 off): The latest version of the Paperwhite has speedier performance, a higher-contrast screen, a built-in warm light and 12 weeks of battery life.Kindle (2024) for $85 ($25 off): The 2024 base Kindle is lighter than ever before, and it has a 6-inch, glare-free screen with an adjustable front light, 16GB of storage, speedier performance and six weeks of battery life.Ring pan and tilt security camera for $50 ($30 off): This security camera joined the Ring lineup only a few months ago, and this is the best price we've seen on it. It's part of a larger Ring sale that discounts home security gear by up to 50 percent.Ring Video Doorbell (2024) for $60 ($40 off): This entry-level security doorbell records 1080p video, supports motion detection and privacy zones and has a built-in, rechargable battery and can be hardwired to your doorbell wiring.Blink Mini 2 (two-pack) for $35 ($35 off): The newest Blink Mini wired security camera came out earlier this year and it supports 1080p video recordings, a wider field of view than the previous model and improved low-light performance. It may be wired, but you can use it outside if you wish provided you have the separate $10 weather-resistant adapter.Blink Outdoor 4 + Blink Mini 2 bundle for $50 ($90 off): It's almost a guarantee that Blink security systems will be on sale for Black Friday and this time is no different. This bundle is 64 percent off, and there are a bunch of other bundles on sale that include cameras, video doorbells and more.Fire HD 8 tablet for $55 ($45 off): Amazon just released this new version of the HD 8 tablet, which includes more RAM, a better camera and new AI features not found on the previous model.Fire HD 10 tablet for $75 ($65 off): This slab has a 10-inch FHD touchscreen, improved camera for video calls, 13 hours of battery life and it works with a stylus (although you have to buy that separately). If youre looking for a cheap tablet that doesnt compromise too many of the basics, this is a good option.Fire Max 11 tablet for $140 ($90 off): Amazons most powerful tablet sports an 11-inch 2,000 x 1,200 touchscreen, an octa-core processor, up to 128GB of storage and 14 hours of battery life. It also works with a number of optional accessories, including a stylus and keyboard case.Fire HD 10 Kids tablet for $110 ($80 off): Designed for kids aged three to seven, this tablet comes with full parental controls plus one year of Amazon Kids+ for free with the tablet purchase. It also has a 10-inch FHD touchscreen, an octa-core processor and 13 hours of battery life, plus it comes with a two-year warranty and a protective case.Fire HD 10 Kids Pro tablet for $110 ($80 off): This model is designed for kids aged six to 12 and comes with a slimmer protective case, a two-year warranty and one year of access to Amazon Kids+. Otherwise, you get a very similar experience here that you would with the non-Pro version, including parental controls, a 10-inch touchscreen, solid performance and a 13-hour battery life.Fire TV Stick streamer for $18 ($22 off): This dongle ups the ante on the TV Stick Lite by adding support for Dolby Atmos audio, plus it comes with the regular version of the Alexa Voice Remote. It also supports Wi-Fi 5 and comes with 8GB of internal storage.Fire TV Stick 4K streamer for $22 ($28 off): This mode is the cheapest Fire TV Stick you can get to stream 4K content, plus it has support for Wi-Fi 6 and Dolby Vision and Atmos. With its live picture-in-picture feature, you can view security camera feeds right on your TV while youre watching your favorite show or movie.Fire TV Stick 4K Max streamer for $33 ($27 off): In addition to 4K HDR streaming with Dolby Vision and Atmos support, the 4K Max dongle includes Wi-Fi 6E connectivity, 16GB of built-in storage and live picture-in-picture capabilities.Fire TV Cube set-top box for $100 ($40 off): This model will provide the best performance of any Fire TV streaming device, and it supports 4K HDR content, Dolby Vision and Atmos and an enhanced version of the Alexa Voice Remote. Along with live picture-in-picture view and the Fire TV ambient experience, you can also hardware other devices to the Fire TV Cube including a cable box or a game console.AmazonCheck out all of the latest Black Friday and Cyber Monday deals here.This article originally appeared on Engadget at https://www.engadget.com/deals/the-best-amazon-black-friday-deals-include-up-to-56-percent-off-kindles-echo-speakers-ring-doorbells-blink-cameras-and-more-130003729.html?src=rss

CyCognito report reveals critical vulnerabilities in web servers, cryptographic protocols, and PII-handling interfaces.

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Elon Musk seeks to block OpenAI from changing its business structure, and discouraging deals to back competitors like xAI.

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As advocates assess whether President-elect Trump will support high-speed rail, they have relatively few data points to go off of. Yes, theres Project 2025, which calls for across-the-board cuts to transportation spending. And theres the $900 million grant Trump yanked from California High-Speed Rail during his last term.But more recent utterances by the President-elect paint a different picture. In a conversation with Elon Musk on X this August, Trump described the nations lack of high-speed rail as sad. The bullet trains he has encountered in other countries go unbelievably fast, he said. Theyre unbelievably comfortable with no problems. And we dont have anything like that in this country, not even close. And it doesnt make sense that we dont.Whether Trump will act to change this situation is anyones guess. But his words speak to a broader reality: Americas paucity of high-speed rail is, increasingly, an embarrassing anomaly.Even since Trumps last term, the global high-speed rail picture has evolved considerably. Seven countries have inaugurated high-speed rail networks since he first took office in 2017, and another half dozen more currently have their first lines under construction.Its a technology that has existed for 60 years. Its mature, said Eric Goldwyn, a transportation researcher at NYUs Marron Institute. The global state of high-speed rail is quite promising. Youre seeing expansion all over the world.[Photo: Jaden William/Unsplash]For most of high-speed rails history, it was possible for Americans to write it off as the province of elite railroading countries. Japan pioneered the technology in the 1960s. France and Germany began building out their networks in the 1980s. A few other western European countries joined them in the final years of the 20th century.But this mode of transportation really began to pick up speed in the new Millennium. There are currently 10 times more miles of high-speed track rail globally now than there were in 2000.Most of that growth, on a per-mile basis, took place in China, whose network debuted in 2008. Chinas 30,000 miles of high-speed track make up about two-thirds of the global total. But many other countries either created or massively expanded their high-speed rail networks over that period. South Korea has opened over 500 miles of high-speed track since 2004, and Turkey has debuted the same number of miles since 2009. Most of Spains 2,500 mile network, the second-largest in the world, was built in the 21st century.[Photo: Winston Chen/Unsplash]In the past decade, a dizzying diversity of countries have joined the bullet train community, including Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Uzbekistan, Serbia, Poland, Greece and Indonesia. Next up are Thailand, the Baltics, Egypt, India, and Iran, to name just a few countries building out new networks.Most of the old stalwarts, like France, Germany, China, Japan and South Korea, are continuing to build on their legacy lines, as well. The EU has set a goal of doubling high-speed rail ridership by 2030, and tripling it by 2050.Another 8,000 miles of high-speed track are expected to come online worldwide by 2028. If all goes according to plan, some 200 of those miles will be in the Mojave Desert between Las Vegas and Southern California on the under-construction Brightline West system.That project will join Amtraks Acela service and Brightlines Florida service among the nations current high-speed rail offerings. Neither the Acela, which maxes out at 150 miles per hour for a short stretch of its run, nor Brightline Florida, which maxes out at 125 mph for a brief section, are remotely close to world-class.[Photo: Martina Tuaty/Bloomberg/Getty Images]Americas lack of a national high-speed rail plan or a consistent long-term funding source, along with arduous permitting and environmental review processes, have prevented a more vibrant industry from taking shape. Without any domestic expertise in high-speed rail planning or construction, the projects that are attempted take too long and cost too much. Case in point: Californias ongoing project, which should connect Bakersfield and Merced in the early 2030s, but with no foreseeable completion date for the San Francisco and Los Angeles legs.One of the biggest recent changes in global high-speed rail development is that most of the countries building systems for the first time are doing so with the help of an experienced country. No longer do governments need to invest in years of research and development. High-speed rail is getting closer to being an off-the-shelf technology. Japanese, Chinese, and French firms have now helped build multiple systems outside of their home countrys borders.That said, high-speed rail development is never easy or cheap. Projects frequently cost more and take longer than planned. Some lines are shiny objects meant to stroke the egos of national leaders, rather than high-value transportation links. Some systems, including Chinas, carry enormous amounts of debt, as the Wall Street Journal recently reported.There are better and worse ways to plan and build high-speed rail. But the critics who say this is not a worthwhile transportation technology are getting quieter. There are rational political and economic reasons that such a diversity of countries are all pursuing the same ends.Mature networks have reaped significant benefits from their investments. The development of the Train Grand Vitesse in France has corresponded with enormous passenger growth. Total French rail ridership in 2019 was three times higher than it was in 1980, Le Monde Diplomatique recently reported. In Spain, where the high-speed network is rapidly expanding, 2024 high-speed rail ridership is double 2018 rates.While China builds some far-flung routes it may not need, its core network is thriving, and total ridership in 2023 reached record highs. A company serving the Beijing to Shanghai route reported $1.5 billion in profits last year.The environmental benefits of high-speed rail are significant, as well. A 2011 French study republished by the U.S. Department of Transportation found that the lifecycle carbon footprint of high-speed rail was 14 to 16 times lower than transportation by private car or plane.[Photo: Linus Mimietz/Unsplash]Wherever quality high-speed rail routes are rolled out, the share of travelers choosing to fly tends to plummet. Alitalia, Italys domestic air carrier, went out of business as the country built out its high-speed rail network. The number of flights between Seoul and Daegu was cut in half after the cities were connected by bullet trains, according to The Economics and Politics of High-Speed Rail by Daniel Albalate and Germa Bel.Historically, airlines have fought against the introduction of high-speed rail. But that could be starting to change, as some companies seek to shed more expensive to operate, and more polluting, short-haul routes. After opposing previous rail proposals, Air Canada in 2024 joined a consortium with French rail operator SNCF to build a proposed high-speed rail line connecting Toronto and Montreal. The two other bidders seeking to build out Canadas network include Spains Renfe and Germanys Deutsche Bahn.Getting the U.S. up to speed may likewise require partnering with experienced rail-building countries. Thats the plan for the proposed Texas Central project connecting Houston and Dallas, which would use Japanese Shinkansen technology.We shouldnt be afraid of copying what other countries have done, Goldwyn said.Ironically, restoring Americas railroad greatness could require humbly requesting aid from friends. Will that be a deal Trump is willing to make?

College attendance in the U.S. has increased from under 10% to over 60% in the last century. Yet, according to a new paper published by the National Bureau of Economic Research, despite the change in attendance rates, most students at elite universities come from wealthy families.The researchers assembled a dataset of records from 2.5 million students at 65 elite colleges over the past hundred years. They found in the 1920s, 8% of college students were from families at the bottom 20% of the income distribution. A hundred years later, 13% of male college students and 20% of female college students were from the bottom 20% of the income distribution.However, for Harvard University and Yale University, only 5% of students came from the bottom 20% of the income distribution, and this has not changed over the past hundred years. This pattern also held true for the other Ivy League universities, as well as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Stanford University, the University of Chicago, and Duke University.However, public universities have seen an increase. The University of California, Berkeley, for example, increased its number of low-income students from 3% in the 1920s to 10% by the early 2000s.The researchers did find that upper-income student enrollment at elite colleges decreased after World War II (WWII), but has surged again since the 1980s. Before WWII, 70% of the student body at private elite institutions (and 55% at public elite institutions) were from families in the top 20% of the income distribution. After WWII, this fell to 50% for private institutions and 40% for public. However, during the 1980s, this bounced back to pre-WWII levels and has stayed there ever since.The researchers pointed out that since the proportion of low-income students at Ivy League schools has stayed the same, this increase comes at the expense of middle-income student enrollment.Finally, while economic diversity has not increased, racial and geographic diversity has increased. Before the 1960s, the student body was almost entirely white. Since the Civil Rights Moment, Black student enrollment has increased to about 7% of the student body population and held steady. Interestingly, for elite public schools, Black enrollment has dropped since the early 2000s, but it has held steady at elite private schools.In addition, international student enrollment has increased from under 5% before the 1950s to about 15% in private colleges. Meanwhile, prior to the 1950s, only 30% of students were from outside their colleges geographic region, but this has since increased to about 60%.In conclusion, the researchers wrote, Two major policy changes in the history of American higher education, namely the G.I. Bill after World War II and the introduction of standardized tests for admissions, had little success in increasing the representation of lower- and middle-income students at elite colleges.