"Modernist architects have to understand the world is not coming to an end" says Justin Shubow
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The architecture profession is overreacting to US president Donald Trump's moves to promote classical architecture, National Civic Art Society president Justin Shubow tells Dezeen in this interview.Shubow, who leads the classical-promoting non-profit National Civic Art Society and was formerly chair of the United States Commission of Fine Arts, believes that architects are overreacting to Trump's Promoting Beautiful Federal Civic Architecture executive orders.Speaking to Dezeen, he described architects' responses as "hysterical" and claimed that the American Institute of Architects (AIA) is "arguing in bad faith"."The modernist architects have to understand the world is not coming to an end," said Shubow. "I mean, would it be so bad if there's special regard for classical, traditional architecture?"Last week, on his first day in office, Trump issued the latest version of his Promoting Beautiful Federal Civic Architecture executive order, which aims to promote classical and traditional architecture in Federal public buildings.The AIA immediately denounced the order, as it did in 2020 when the draft bill was made public, before declaring that it would undo the order after Trump left office."Classical architecture is the architecture of American democracy"But Shubow argued the order would only impact a very small number of buildings as it is focused on the construction of new buildings costing over $50 million."We're not talking about a huge building programme," he said. "But from the AIA perspective, you would think that American architecture the entire thing is being changed and turned in a new direction.""We're only arguing about a relatively small number of buildings, but admittedly, they are of great symbolic importance," Shubow added.The US Supreme Court is one of several classical-style civic buildings in America. Photo in public domainRather than setting a new direction for US civic architecture, Shubow argues that the executive order merely signals a return to classical styles after an interruption of modernism."We believe that traditional architecture is unparalleled in its beauty, its legibility and its appreciation by the common man," he said. "Essentially, classical architecture is the architecture of American democracy, going back to the founding fathers.""What are the buildings you think of when you think of the US government?" he continued. "It's the White House, the Capitol, the Supreme Court, the Lincoln Memorial, the Jefferson Memorial, the Federal Triangle. These are all classical buildings."Read: AIA "extremely concerned" about Trump classical architecture executive orderAlthough Shubow argues that those across the ideological spectrumappreciate and prefer classical architecture, he concedes that the issue has become politicised."Admittedly, since Trump touched the issue, it polarised it," he said."Some of our opponents like to say, 'classical architecture is the architecture of white supremacy', or that it's fascist since [Adolf] Hitler liked it, but when you look at ordinary Americans, that's not how they see these buildings at all," he claimed."I don't think when African Americans look at the US Supreme Court, they see a racist building. This is America. We're not Germany. Our history is completely different when it comes to government buildings.""De facto, the government has been mandating modernism"Released among dozens of orders, memoranda and rescissions issued on Trump's first day back in office, the Promoting Beautiful Federal Civic Architecture executive order bears the same name as an order issued near the end of his first term in 2020.The previous order was rescinded by former president Biden soon after he became president.Following the policy being resumed last week, the AIA criticised the executive order, saying that "mandating architecture styles stifles innovation and harms local communities".However, Shubow argued that since 1962 the government has effectively stipulated that modernist architecture should be chosen over classical and traditional styles."Essentially, since the 1960s the federal government has constructed virtually no classical or traditional buildings," he said."So when our opponents say, 'we can't have the government mandating style', well, de facto, the government has been mandating modernism and this goes back to these 1962 Guiding Principles for Federal Architecture."The Guiding Principles for Federal Architecture, which are used by the General Services Administration to guide federal construction, currently state that "major emphasis should be placed on the choice of designs that embody the finest contemporary American architectural thought".Trump's latest executive order seeks to amend principles."The response to the leaked draft was hysterical"Unlike a leaked draft of the original order, the latest iteration signed by Trump last week does not ban modernist architecture styles in new federal buildings."The response to the leaked draft was hysterical," said Shubow. "Okay, it was never meant for public consumption. The leaked version required classical and traditional design across the country.""The executive order as issued [in 2020] simply said there should be special regard."Shubow, who is reportedly being considered for the official position of chair of the National Endowment for the Arts, expects subsequent orders to mandate that a classical option for new federal buildings is put forward."I think the way this will work out when there's a new executive order and perhaps other directives, is that there will be substantial public input with some kind of requirement that the public be presented with classical and traditional alternatives.""At the very least, people should know that this is an option. Let's make it democratic.""AIA is arguing in bad faith"Shubow believes that the AIA's negative response to both the latest executive order and the draft was due to a combination of self-interest and a dislike for Trump."The federal government, at times, has been the largest patron of architecture in the United States," he said."The mega-firms have been benefiting from the gravy train of these federal buildings that are very expensive. When you look at the architects' fees, we're talking about a lot of money so there's a lot of money at stake," he continued."There is also this ideological component to what kind of buildings we should be building, because the AIA represents the architectural establishment, which is modernist."A replacement for the brutalist FBI headquarters could be one of the first affected by Trump's executive order, Shubow said. Photo by Ajay SureshOne of the AIA's claims was that the order would reduce the level of public engagement, which Shubow contests.There is currently no requirement for public consultation on federal projects, and Shubow believes if there was, people would pick classical buildings.Read: Trump signs executive order to promote "beautiful federal civic architecture""When the AIA says that Trump's executive order is going to prevent the community from having input, it's exactly the opposite," said Shubow."The AIA is arguing in bad faith. They know that if laymen have greater say in design, there will be more classical and traditional buildings than are currently being constructed.""A key building that we need to look at is the FBI building"One major building that could be directly impacted is the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) headquarters. Currently located in a brutalist building on Pennsylvania Avenue in central Washington DC, the agency was planned to be moved out of the city to Maryland.However, Trump said on his Truth Social site in May last year that the new building should remain in Washington DC, "and be the centerpiece of my plan to totally renovate and rebuild our capital city into the most beautiful and safest anywhere in the world".According to Shubow, the latest executive order signals that Trump intends to create a classical building for the agency on its current site."It's the symbolic importance that we're talking about and a key building that we need to look at is the FBI building," said Shubow. "The FBI building is a brutalist design it's going to be demolished since it's been aging very badly.""Trump has said he wants it to stay on its current site and combine that with the executive order, that would mean that he wants a classical, new FBI building," he continued. "That would be making a statement."Dezeen In DepthIf you enjoy reading Dezeen's interviews, opinions and features,subscribe to Dezeen In Depth. Sent on the last Friday of each month, this newsletter provides a single place to read about the design and architecture stories behind the headlines.The post "Modernist architects have to understand the world is not coming to an end" says Justin Shubow appeared first on Dezeen.
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