If there's one prominent architectural style that can be observed throughout history—and throughout the world—it's neoclassical architecture. With origins in the mid-18th century, this tailored style pairs the traditions of classicism with a sense of restraint and refinement, making it an enduring and timeless approach to both residential and public architecture for centuries to come. To learn more about neoclassical architecture, including its most common characteristics and notable examples in the public space, check out our comprehensive guide below. Related StoriesWhat Is Neoclassical Architecture?Chris Hellier//Getty ImagesNeoclassical architecture is a design movement that emerged in the mid-18th century as a reaction to the ornamental exuberance of the Baroque and Rococo styles. Drawing inspiration from the classical architecture of ancient Greece and Rome, it emphasizes simplicity and symmetry, with a sense of refined grandeur.That said, neoclassical architecture is more than a nostalgic nod to antiquity—it’s a powerful visual representation of the Enlightenment ideals of order, beauty, and civic pride. It's no wonder the style became the go-to for government buildings and monuments across Europe and the United States that still stand proud today.Related StoryThe History of Neoclassical ArchitectureNeoclassical architecture originated during the 18th-century Enlightenment, a period in which reason, civic virtue, and empiricism were highly valued. At that time, archaeological discoveries at ancient sites like Herculaneum and Pompeii reignited interest in Greco-Roman art and architecture. The rational geometry and structural clarity of the ancient works were thought to embody Enlightenment values.By the late 18th century and early 19th century, neoclassicism had become dominant across Europe and the newly formed United States. In the U.S., the style was closely associated with the democratic ideals of the young republic, so it became the architectural style of choice for government buildings, universities, and other public institutions.Related StoryCharacteristics of Neoclassical ArchitectureAndreas von Einsiedel//Getty ImagesNeoclassical architecture is defined by several key features.Symmetry and proportion: Buildings are often designed with perfectly mirrored façades and layouts that emphasize order and balance.Columns: Frequently modeled after the classical orders—Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian—columns are both decorative and functional.Triangular pediments: These classical gables are typically found above entryways or porticos.Domed or flat roofs: Many neoclassical buildings feature either large domes or low-pitched roofs.Minimal ornamentation: Compared to the Baroque or Rococo styles, neoclassical buildings have fewer decorative elements.Grand scale: The buildings often project an imposing or monumental presence, especially in civic architecture.Famous Examples of Neoclassical ArchitectureMany iconic buildings around the world display the neoclassical style—here are some of the most famous.The United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.Thanasis//Getty ImagesThe U.S. Capitol is one of the most prominent examples of neoclassical architecture in the United States. Designed initially by William Thornton and later modified by several other architects, the building features a central dome, grand staircases, and porticos with columns, all referencing Roman temples.The Panthéon in Paris, FranceChristophe Lehenaff//Getty ImagesOriginally built as a church to honor St. Genevieve, the Panthéon was repurposed into a mausoleum for France’s most celebrated citizens. Architect Jacques-Germain Soufflot blended Gothic engineering with classical design to create a structure inspired by Rome's Pantheon; it's notable for its prominent dome, classical columns, and temple-front portico.The British Museum in London, EnglandPawel Libera//Getty ImagesBuilt in the mid-19th century by architect Sir Robert Smirke, the British Museum is a classic example of the Greek Revival style, a specific branch of neoclassicism. The building features a dramatic colonnaded façade and symmetrical wings that reference Greek temples.La Madeleine in Paris, FranceAtlantide Phototravel//Getty ImagesMore closely resembling a Roman temple than a traditional church, La Madeleine is a striking neoclassical structure. Commissioned by Napoleon as a temple to honor his army, the Pierre-Alexandre Vignon-designed strucure features a peristyle of 52 Corinthian columns and a sculptural pediment.The Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, GermanyRICOWde//Getty ImagesThis monumental gate, built between 1788 and 1791 by Carl Gotthard Langhans, is one of Berlin’s most recognizable landmarks. Modeled after the Propylaea in Athens—the gateway to the Acropolis—it features Doric columns and a sculptural quadriga (chariot).The White House in Washington, D.C.Caroline Purser//Getty ImagesDesigned by architect James Hoban, the White House was modeled in part after Leinster House in Dublin (Hoban was born in Ireland) and in part after the works of Venetian architect Andrea Palladio. The presidential residence has a columned portico and symmetrical wings.Follow House Beautiful on Instagram and TikTok.