The history of Earths climate is written within ice. Drilling vertically into ice and extracting a core is akin to measuring how old a tree is by counting a stumps rings. But ice contains more information than just age. Scientists can deduce a particle time period's temperature. They can also measure trapped gases like CO2 and methane to see how they may have contributed to warming periods.Scientists have now retrieved the longest such documentation an ice core nearly 2 miles long that captures about 1.2 million years of climate information. This record can help us better understand Earths climate changes over time and may provide hints of whats to come.Learning About Earth's Climate HistoryAn international team of scientists, funded by the European Union collaborated and named the project Beyond EPICA (in reference to an earlier project that didnt go quite as deep). They drilled all the way to the bedrock beneath the Antarctic ice sheet.We have marked a historic moment for climate and environmental science, Carlo Barbante, professor at Ca' Foscari University of Venice, senior associate member of the Institute of Polar Sciences of the National Research Council of Italy (Cnr-Isp), said in a press release. This is the longest continuous record of our past climate from an ice core, and it can reveal the interlink between the carbon cycle and temperature of our planet.Bubbles of different concentrations and multiple kinds of gas at different layers can be matched with climate activities that we know happened at different periods of time. By analyzing those bubbles, scientists can then reconstruct how Earths climate responded to changes in solar radiation, volcanic activity, and orbital variations.Robert Mulvaney, a glaciologist and palaeoclimatologist at British Antarctic Survey who took part in one of the earlier drilling seasons, says this new sample will provide more information than the previous which captured a mere 800,000 years. This record of 1.2 million years will give us several 41,000-year glacial cycles to compare with the more recent data from the original EPICA core, Mulvaney said in a news release.Read more: The Quest for the Oldest Ice on EarthReading Earth's HistoryMulvaney referred to the area from which the core was extracted as a Goldilocks site, because areas covered with too much snow can create a blanket that insulates the core and causes the oldest parts to melt.The 2,800-meter ice core samples will be transported to Europe using specialized cold containers to maintain each core segments temperature. Once the core pieces reach their destinations, scientists will carefully analyze each segment essentially giving a detailed reading of Earths climate history.Article SourcesOur writers at Discovermagazine.com use peer-reviewed studies and high-quality sources for our articles, and our editors review for scientific accuracy and editorial standards. Review the sources used below for this article:British Antarctic Survey. Historic drilling project finds ice over 1.2 million years oldBefore joining Discover Magazine, Paul Smaglik spent over 20 years as a science journalist, specializing in U.S. life science policy and global scientific career issues. He began his career in newspapers, but switched to scientific magazines. His work has appeared in publications including Science News, Science, Nature, and Scientific American.

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While most of a player's protection from enemies comes from regular armor in Minecraft, you can also protect yourself with a shield. A shield can stop arrows from hitting and block melee attacks, making it a powerful and underrated addition to your gear set. To find out how to make a shield in Minecraft, check out the guide below.Making a Shield in MinecraftA shield only requires two resources to craft, but the way those resources are structured at a crafting table is slightly strange. The full crafting recipe for a shield is as follows:At a crafting table, place an Iron Ingot in the top middle boxNext, place six planks around the Iron Ingot. Two to the side of it on the top row, three across the middle row, and one in the bottom middle box.The crafting recipe for a shield in MinecraftThe planks and Iron Ingots are among the easiest items to acquire in Minecraft. Planks are gathered by placing regular wood logs in a crafting table and stripping them while Iron Ingots are acquired by smelting iron ore in a furnace. Iron ore can be mined wherever there is stone present and all it takes is a stone pickaxe. Once you have your resources, go to a crafting table to craft yourself a shield. Then, from your inventory, right-click on the shield to equip it.Continue Reading at GameSpot

A new Guerrilla Games job listing may hint at the studio being quite confident in the appeal of its upcoming Horizon multiplayer project. Although the Horizon multiplayer game has yet to be revealed, Guerrilla Games seems to expect massive player interest in the live-service title.

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Whether youre a newcomer to the realms of Thedas, or youve seduced your way through the entire Dragon Age franchise, Dragon Age: The Veilguard is an excellent introduction to Biowares fantasy RPG world. Right now, you can pick up a copy for either PlayStation or Xbox on Amazon or Best Buy for just $39.99 (was $69.99). The entirety of the Dragon Age franchise is frankly amazing, but The Veilguard is by far the most accessible to newcomers, thanks to its streamlined progression and engaging combat systems. However, if youre just here for the story, there are plenty of sliders that allow you to take the difficulty down a peg. Even if you know nothing about how Biowares fantasy world works, The Veilguard does a spectacular job of teaching you about the various places, factions and events to get you up to speed.

We may earn a commission from links on this page. Deal pricing and availability subject to change after time of publication.The Beats Powerbeats Pro has been around for some time, but Beats has followed the "if it ain't broke, don't fix it" model that has worked well for them. These headphones are one of the best pairs of earbuds for those who stay active and want the confidence of a secure fit. When these headphones first launched, they were $249.95, but now you can get them for their lowest price of $99.99 on Best Buy. Powerbeats Pro Apple H1 Headphone Chip, Built-in Microphone, 9 Hours of Listening Time, Sweat Resistant. $99.99 at Best Buy $199.99 Save $100.00 Get Deal Get Deal $99.99 at Best Buy $199.99 Save $100.00 The Powerbeats Pro have been around since 2019 and have been the staple workout earbuds from Beats by Dr. Dre since. They have been well-regarded for years for getting the simple things you want in workout earbuds right: a secure fit, easy operation, and good sound. The fit is highly customizable to fit most ears; they have in-canal adjustable ear tips that come in four sizes as well as well as ear hooks that grip the ear firmly to avoid falling off during intense workouts. They are sweat and water-resistant with an IPX4 rating, meaning as long as you dont submerge them underwater or put them in your sink, they will survive. You can read more about them from the "excellent" PCMag review here. The controls are easy as well, with the left and right side mirroring their commands. It also has a sensor detection feature that starts playing music when you put the earbuds on. Youll get nine hours of battery life from a single charge and an additional 24 hours from the charging case. And yes, you can take calls since it has a microphone as well. Keep in mind these earbuds are not noise-cancelling, but do have the natural noise isolation that comes with a secure in-ear seal. There's also no full EQ to customize your sound, but if you like the powerful bass and bright highs of the Beats signature, you won't need to change it.