Archaeopteryx lived about 150 million years ago during the Jurassic Period. Although the first Archaeopteryx fossil was discovered more than 160 years ago and the prehistoric bird has been well studied, an excellent specimen has yielded new information about the species, including why it could fly so well, according to a report in the journal Nature. Painstaking preparation made the “Chicago Archaeopteryx” (named because it resides in the city’s Field Museum) the best-preserved example of the species. That amount of care meant that CT scans and imaging via UV light have yielded the most vivid Archaeopteryx pictures yet. Scientists visualized its smallest bones as well as soft tissue, including some feathers.New Archaeopteryx Flight Details EmergeIllustration showing Archaeopteryx in life, including its tertial feathers that would have helped it fly. (Image Credit: Michael Rothman)Seeing Archaeopteryx in such detail revealed a long set of feathers called tertials on the its upper arm. Those feathers also place the species more accurately on the evolutionary tree among winged dinosaurs as well as a predecessor to contemporary birds, which also have tertials. “Archaeopteryx isn’t the first dinosaur to have feathers, or the first dinosaur to have ‘wings,’" Jingmai O’Connor a curator at the museum and an author of the paper, said in a press release. “But we think it’s the earliest known dinosaur that was able to use its feathers to fly.”Ancient FlightThe scientists now think they know why Archaeopteryx was such a good flier. Archaeopteryx’s upper arm bone is much longer than those of contemporary birds. That length creates a gap between the long primary feathers and others, as well as between the wings and the body. Air passing through that gap generates lift. Contemporary birds don’t need such long arms, because evolution solved their need to create lift another way: a set of tertial feathers between the bird’s body and the rest of its wing.“Our specimen is the first Archaeopteryx that was preserved and prepared in such a way that we can see its long tertial feathers,” O’Connor said in the release. “These feathers are missing in feathered dinosaurs that are closely related to birds but aren’t quite birds. Their wing feathers stop at the elbow. That tells us that these non-avian dinosaurs couldn’t fly, but Archaeopteryx could. This also adds to evidence that suggests dinosaurs evolved flight more than once — which I think is super exciting.”Other Bird Evolutionary FeaturesImaging also revealed some other key evolutionary features. For instance, seeing details of the tiny bones in the roof of its mouth are helping scientists understand how modern birds eventually developed the ability to move their beaks independent of the part of the skull that holds their brain.“That might not sound exciting, but to people who study bird evolution, it’s really important, because it’s been hypothesized that being able to evolve specialized skulls for different ecological niches might have helped birds evolve into more than 11,000 species today,” O’Connor said in the release.Also, because the scientists got a detailed look at some of the Archaeopteryx’s soft tissues they hypothesize that it may have spent a lot of time walking on the ground, and may even have climbed trees.The Chicago Archaeopteryx fossil went on display at the Field Museum in 2024. Its tiny hollow bones are embedded in a slab of limestone. At about the size of a pigeon, it is among the smallest known fossils of the species.Article SourcesOur writers at Discovermagazine.com use peer-reviewed studies and high-quality sources for our articles, and our editors review for scientific accuracy and editorial standards. Review the sources used below for this article:Before joining Discover Magazine, Paul Smaglik spent over 20 years as a science journalist, specializing in U.S. life science policy and global scientific career issues. He began his career in newspapers, but switched to scientific magazines. His work has appeared in publications including Science News, Science, Nature, and Scientific American.

Published May 14, 2025 10:00am EDT close ‘CyberGuy’ explains dark side of PayPal, how to stay safe Kurt Knutsson has advice to protect information from cybercriminals who are seeking new ways to gain login credentials and full control of computers and bank accounts. Online scams are becoming more dangerous and convincing every day. Cybercriminals are finding new ways to gain not just your login credentials but full control of your computer and your bank accounts.Take John from King George, Virginia, for example. He recently shared his alarming experience with us. His story is a powerful warning about how quickly things can escalate if you respond to suspicious emails.Here is what happened to John in his own words: "I mistakenly responded to a false PayPal email notifying me of a laptop purchase. The message looked real, and I called the number listed. The person on the phone gave me a strange number to enter into my browser, which installed an app that took control of my PC. A warning popped up saying 'software updating – do not turn off PC,' and I could see my entire file system being scanned. The scammer accessed my bank account and transferred money between accounts. He told me to leave my PC running and go to the bank, keeping him on the phone without telling anyone what was happening. I shut everything down, contacted my bank, and changed my passwords."John’s quick thinking in shutting down his computer and alerting his bank helped minimize the damage. However, not everyone is as lucky. Fake PayPal scam email (Kurt "CyberGuy" Knutsson)How this scam worksThis type of scam is known as a remote access scam. It often begins with a fake email that appears to come from a trusted company like PayPal. The message claims there is an issue, such as an unauthorized charge, and urges the victim to call a phone number or click a link. WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)?Once the scammer makes contact, they guide the victim to enter a code into their browser or install a program, claiming it will fix the problem. In reality, this grants the scammer full control of the victim’s computer. Once inside, scammers often search for sensitive files, access banking websites, steal login credentials or install malware to maintain long-term access. Even if the immediate scam is stopped, hidden malware can allow scammers to reenter the system later. A hacker at work (Kurt "CyberGuy" Knutsson)Key takeaways from John's experienceJohn’s close call highlights several important lessons.Fake emails are harder to spot than ever: Scammers create emails that look almost identical to real ones from trusted companies like PayPal. They copy logos, formatting and even fake customer support numbers. Always double-check the sender’s email address and verify communications by visiting the official website or app directly instead of clicking links inside emails.Remote access scams can escalate fast: Once scammers gain control of your device, they can steal sensitive data, move funds between accounts and install hidden malware that stays behind even after the scammer disconnects. It often takes only minutes for serious damage to be done, making fast recognition critical.Psychological pressure plays a big role: Scammers rely on creating a sense of urgency and fear. By keeping you on the phone and urging secrecy, they isolate you from help and rush you into making bad decisions. Recognizing when you are being pressured is key to breaking the scammer’s control.Fast action can make all the difference: By quickly disconnecting his computer and contacting his bank, John limited the scammer’s access to his accounts. Acting within minutes rather than hours can stop further theft, block fraudulent transactions and protect your sensitive information from being fully compromised.GET FOX BUSINESS ON THE GO BY CLICKING HERE A warning on a laptop home screen (Kurt "CyberGuy" Knutsson)How to protect yourself from remote access scamsTaking simple but strong security steps can protect you from falling victim.1. Never call a number listed in a suspicious email: Scammers often set up fake phone numbers that sound professional but are designed to manipulate you into handing over control or information. Always find verified contact information through a company's official website or app, not links/numbers provided in suspicious messages.2. Be skeptical of unusual instructions: No legitimate company will ask you to install software or enter strange codes to protect your account. If anything seems unusual, trust your instincts and stop the communication immediately.3. Install strong antivirus software on all devices: Antivirus programs can detect suspicious downloads, block remote access attempts and help prevent hackers from taking over your system. Having strong antivirus protection installed across all your devices is the best way to safeguard yourself from malicious links that install malware and attempt to access your private information. This protection can also alert you to phishing emails and ransomware scams, keeping your personal information and digital assets safe. Get my picks for the best 2025 antivirus protection winners for your Windows, Mac, Android and iOS devices.4. Use identity theft protection: These services monitor financial accounts, credit reports and online activity for signs of fraud, alerting you to suspicious transactions. See my tips and best picks on how to protect yourself from identity theft.5. React immediately if you suspect a scam: Disconnect your device from the internet, contact your bank or credit card company immediately and change your passwords, especially for banking and email accounts. Monitor your accounts closely for unauthorized activity and report the scam to the Federal Trade Commission as well as the company that was impersonated. Acting quickly can prevent further access and limit the damage scammers can cause.6. Use multifactor authentication (MFA): MFA adds a critical layer of security beyond passwords, blocking unauthorized logins even if credentials are stolen. Enable MFA on all accounts, especially banking, email and payment platforms, to stop scammers from bypassing stolen passwords.7. Update devices and software immediately: Regular updates patch security flaws that scammers exploit to install malware or hijack systems. Turn on automatic updates wherever possible to ensure you’re always protected against newly discovered vulnerabilities.8. Employ a password manager with strong, unique passwords: Avoid password reuse and use complex passphrases to minimize credential-stuffing attacks. A password manager generates and stores uncrackable passwords, eliminating the risk of weak or repeated credentials. Get more details about my best expert-reviewed password managers of 2025 here.9. Never share screen access or grant remote control: Scammers exploit screen-sharing tools to steal passwords and manipulate transactions in real time. Legitimate tech support will never demand unsolicited screen access; terminate the call immediately if pressured.10. Invest in personal data removal services: These services automate requests to delete your personal information from data brokers and people-search sites, reducing publicly available details scammers could exploit for phishing or impersonation. While no service promises to remove all your data from the internet, having a removal service is great if you want to constantly monitor and automate the process of removing your information from hundreds of sites continuously over a longer period of time. Check out my top picks for data removal services here.Kurt’s key takeawaysJohn’s story is a reminder that online scams are evolving quickly and becoming more aggressive. Staying skeptical, verifying all suspicious messages and acting quickly if something feels wrong can make the difference between staying safe and losing sensitive information. Protect your devices, trust your instincts and remember it is always better to be cautious than to take a risk with your security.CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APPHave you or someone you know been targeted by a scam like this? Let us know by writing us at Cyberguy.com/Contact.For more of my tech tips and security alerts, subscribe to my free CyberGuy Report Newsletter by heading to Cyberguy.com/Newsletter.Ask Kurt a question or let us know what stories you'd like us to cover.Follow Kurt on his social channels:Answers to the most-asked CyberGuy questions:New from Kurt:Copyright 2025 CyberGuy.com. All rights reserved. Kurt "CyberGuy" Knutsson is an award-winning tech journalist who has a deep love of technology, gear and gadgets that make life better with his contributions for Fox News & FOX Business beginning mornings on "FOX & Friends." Got a tech question? Get Kurt’s free CyberGuy Newsletter, share your voice, a story idea or comment at CyberGuy.com.

News Clair Obscur: Expedition 33 Dev Says a Nintendo Switch 2 Port “Could be Interesting” French studio Sandfall Interactive could be open to bringing its acclaimed JRPG to Nintendo's upcoming next-gen platform, its CEO says. Posted By Shubhankar Parijat | On 14th, May. 2025 Clair Obscur: Expedition 33 has emerged as one of the biggest critical hits of the year, surpassing what had already been high expectations in the lead up to its release, though it seems like developer Sandfall Interactive and publisher Kepler Interactive may still have more plans in store for the JRPG.  Spotted by Nintendo Life, in a recent interview with YouTube channel mistermv, when asked about whether Expedition 33 could make its way to the upcoming Nintendo Switch 2 at some point, though Sandfall Interactive CEO Guillaume Broche expectedly didn’t offer any concrete details, he did suggest that it was certainly a possibility. “Yeah, it’s definitely something that could be interesting,” Broche said. Clair Obscur: Expedition 33 has been a huge success already, having sold over 2 million units worldwide in under two weeks, so it wouldn’t be surprising to see Sandfall and Kepler Interactive looking to capitalize on that success by capturing a substantial audience on Nintendo’s platform as well. Hopefully, it turns into something concrete at some point.  Clair Obscur: Expedition 33 is available on PS5, Xbox Series X/S, and PC. Read our review of the game through here. Tagged With: Elden Ring: Nightreign Publisher:Bandai Namco Developer:FromSoftware Platforms:PS5, Xbox Series X, PS4, Xbox One, PCView More DOOM: The Dark Ages Publisher:Bethesda Softworks Developer:id Software Platforms:Xbox Series X, PS5, PCView More Death Stranding 2: On the Beach Publisher:Sony Developer:Kojima Productions Platforms:PS5View More Amazing Articles You Might Want To Check Out! Hogwarts Legacy Trailer Shows Switch vs Switch 2 Graphics Comparison WB Games' open world action RPG will be a launch title for the Nintendo Switch 2 when the console releases wor... Clair Obscur: Expedition 33 Dev Says a Nintendo Switch 2 Port “Could be Interesting” French studio Sandfall Interactive could be open to bringing its acclaimed JRPG to Nintendo's upcoming next-ge... The Super Mario Bros. Movie Sequel Could be Titled Super Mario World Nintendo, Universal, and Illumination's next Super Mario movie could be named after the beloved 1991 2D sidesc... The Wait for Grand Theft Auto 6’s Next Trailer is Going to Feel Excruciatingly Long GTA 6's newest trailer was a great one, but it has left us wanting more- which we're not getting for a while y... The Texas Chain Saw Massacre Winds Down Support, Won’t Receive Any More DLC The next big patch arrives this month, but the asymmetrical multiplayer title will remain playable and purchas... Ninja Theory May Have Teased Next Project With Blurry Photo In a recent photo on its Instagram account, Ninja Theory has seemingly teased a new project that has a vibran... View More

Sony’s $699.99 PS5 Pro could get especially expensive if prices go up. Sony just announced its financial forecast for the next year, and it’s expecting to be impacted by tariffs to the tune of 100 billion yen (about $680 million). To compensate, the company says it’s considering options including moving manufacturing to the US and increasing prices for consumers. Speaking to investors during the company’s earnings call, Sony CFO Lin Tao confirmed that the company is considering “passing on” the price of tariffs to consumers in order to mitigate the impact on its bottom line. Tao didn’t mention the PS5 by name though, and it’s possible that Sony could try to protect pricing on its console through increases elsewhere in its electronics business. Sony has already increased the price of the PS5 this year, but only in the UK, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. The PS5 did get a call out from CEO Hiroki Totoki when discussing the possibility of moving manufacturing to the US to avoid the brunt of Donald Trump’s tariffs. He admitted that the console “can be produced locally,” and that it would be “an efficient strategy” that “has to be considered going forward.” As expected Sony is considering passing along the tarrif impact by increasing the price of their products. So it's assumed the PS5 price could be impacted. pic.twitter.com/a7nR1BZ9Rv— Destin (@DestinLegarie) May 14, 2025 Over the 12 months ending in March, Sony shipped 18.5 million PS5 consoles — down slightly from 20.8 million the year before — bringing its lifetime shipments to 77.7 million. Sony still manufactures the majority of its PS5 hardware in China, and so its gaming business is especially at risk right now. Even after the 90-day pause and reduction in rates announced this week, the 30 percent tariff on imports into the US from China is substantially higher than the 10 percent rate levied on other countries, and games consoles were not included in the exemptions for select other electronics. Microsoft has already raised the price of its Xbox consoles by up to $100, though Nintendo has so far elected to keep Switch 2 pricing the same ahead of its launch next month. We may learn more about Sony’s pricing plans going forward when it announces the flagship WH-1000XM6 headphones tomorrow, which succeed the $399 XM5s.

Clair Obscur: Expedition 33 has emerged as one of the biggest critical hits of the year, surpassing what had already been high expectations in the lead up to its release, though it seems like developer Sandfall Interactive and publisher Kepler Interactive may still have more plans in store for the JRPG.  Spotted by Nintendo Life, in a recent interview with YouTube channel mistermv, when asked about whether Expedition 33 could make its way to the upcoming Nintendo Switch 2 at some point, though Sandfall Interactive CEO Guillaume Broche expectedly didn’t offer any concrete details, he did suggest that it was certainly a possibility. “Yeah, it’s definitely something that could be interesting,” Broche said. Clair Obscur: Expedition 33 has been a huge success already, having sold over 2 million units worldwide in under two weeks, so it wouldn’t be surprising to see Sandfall and Kepler Interactive looking to capitalize on that success by capturing a substantial audience on Nintendo’s platform as well. Hopefully, it turns into something concrete at some point.  Clair Obscur: Expedition 33 is available on PS5, Xbox Series X/S, and PC. Read our review of the game through here.

Angel investor Immad Akhund said passing on Scale AI taught him to rethink his bias against young founders. Mercury 2025-05-14T07:25:03Z Save Saved Read in app This story is available exclusively to Business Insider subscribers. Become an Insider and start reading now. Have an account? Immad Akhund passed on Scale AI, now worth $14 billion, because the founders were "so young," he said. The miss taught him to rethink his bias against young founders. The CEO and founder of Mercury has backed more than 350 startups at their earliest stages. Immad Akhund, an active angel investor since 2016, passed on an early bet in Scale AI — worth nearly $14 billion in last year's funding round — and it taught him an important lesson."I saw Scale AI. And I was like, 'good idea, but these people are so young,'" he said on an episode of the "Twenty Minute VC" podcast published Monday."I think they were like 19 and 20 at the time or something. I think I could run this company better if I was doing it and I didn't see how they were going to figure it out," he added. Looking back, the serial entrepreneur said he was "just so wrong.""There's some power to that youth that's hard to judge, to be honest. You kind of have to suspend belief and say, okay, this person's going to figure out how to run a huge company," he said.The misstep was a formative one for Akhund, who has backed more than 350 startups at their earliest stages, including Rappi, Airtable, Rippling, Decagon, and Etched.Akhund angel invests in "things that will seem inevitable 10 years from now and can be $10 billion companies," he told Business Insider in a May story about the most successful seed-stage investors.Akhund is also the founder and CEO of Mercury, a banking startup that recently raised a $300 million Series C round at a $3.5 billion valuation led by Sequoia.Leaving his ego at the doorAkhund said one of the biggest lessons in his investing journey was learning to check his ego.As an entrepreneur, he was used to suggesting his ideas when speaking with startups, he said.The founders, especially if they were young, would often concur. But "that's not their idea, and it's not even fair to push an idea on other people," he said.He learned that it was important to back founders for their ideas, not for his."You really have to actually remove your ego and your ideas and really listen," he said. "You're much more along for their journey rather than a major part of it," he added.Akhund said that he prefers serial founders to first-timers, especially those with "a chip on their shoulder.""I have such a bias toward them," he said. "A serial entrepreneur knows how hard it's going to be, but they're willing to do it again."That's "so unusual" and signals that "they must really want to do this," he added.For investors, Akhund advises making diversified bets."Do at least 20 or 30 investments — that's when you start entering the game," he said."You learn a lot by doing subsequent ones," he said, adding that investors "need a diversified portfolio to have any return in this space."A representative for Akhund declined further comment. Recommended video

SanDisk has officially introduced the WD Black SN8100, its latest high-end PCIe Gen 5 NVMe SSD targeting PC enthusiasts, gamers, and professional users. With sequential read speeds of up to 14,900 MB/s and write speeds of 14,000 MB/s, the drive sets a new bar for consumer SSD performance, surpassing some of the best NVMe SSDs currently on the market, including the Crucial T705.  The SN8100 uses a standard M.2 2280 form factor and is available in capacities of 1TB, 2TB, 4TB, and 8TB. It’s worth noting that the 1TB model offers lower write speeds, up to 11,000 MB/s, compared to the higher-capacity versions, which reach up to 14,000 MB/s.  Recommended Videos According to SanDisk, the drive is designed for applications ranging from gaming and content creation to AI workflows, where rapid data access and transfer are critical. The SN8100 uses SanDisk’s BiCS8 TLC 3D CBA NAND, which is engineered for a smaller footprint thereby improving thermal performance. SanDisk also states that the Gen 5.0 model is twice as power efficient as its PCIe Gen 4.0 predecessor, averaging just 7W of power consumption. Comparing the new WD Black SN8100 with the Crucial T705, which is currently one of the fastest consumer NVMe SSDs, it has some clear advantages. It’s marginally faster in read speeds (14,900 MB/s vs. 14,500 MB/s) but noticeably faster in write speeds (14,000 MB/s vs. 12,700 MB/s). It also delivers much better random performance, with 2.3 million IOPS for both reads and writes, compared to 1.5 million on the T705. While these are just numbers, in the practical world such small differences shouldn’t matter for the average consumer. FeatureWD Black SN8100Crucial T705InterfacePCIe Gen 5.0PCIe Gen 5.0Sequential Read (MB/s)14,90014,500Sequential Write (MB/s)14,00012,700Random IOPS (Read/Write)2.3M / 2.3M1.5M / 1.5MPower Draw (Avg)7W~11WForm FactorM.2 2280M.2 2280Max Capacity8TB4TB More importantly, the SN8100 is more power efficient. As mentioned, the drive is listed to draw an average of just 7W of power draw, while the T705 uses around 11W. That should potentially mean less heat and better performance in tight spaces. The WD Black SN8100 is available now through SanDisk.com and major retailers, with U.S. MSRPs set at $179.99 for 1TB, $279.99 for 2TB, and $549.99 for 4TB. The top-tier 8TB version of the SN8100 is expected to release later in the year. Additionally, a heatsink-equipped variant is also expected to launch this fall for all current capacities, priced at a $20 premium. These models will feature a newly designed passive aluminum heatsink with a low-profile form factor and customizable RGB lighting. 

In this tutorial, we lean hard on Together AI’s growing ecosystem to show how quickly we can turn unstructured text into a question-answering service that cites its sources. We’ll scrape a handful of live web pages, slice them into coherent chunks, and feed those chunks to the togethercomputer/m2-bert-80M-8k-retrieval embedding model. Those vectors land in a FAISS index for millisecond similarity search, after which a lightweight ChatTogether model drafts answers that stay grounded in the retrieved passages. Because Together AI handles embeddings and chat behind a single API key, we avoid juggling multiple providers, quotas, or SDK dialects. !pip -q install --upgrade langchain-core langchain-community langchain-together faiss-cpu tiktoken beautifulsoup4 html2text This quiet (-q) pip command upgrades and installs everything the Colab RAG needs. It pulls core LangChain libraries plus the Together AI integration, FAISS for vector search, token-handling with tiktoken, and lightweight HTML parsing via beautifulsoup4 and html2text, ensuring the notebook runs end-to-end without additional setup. import os, getpass, warnings, textwrap, json if "TOGETHER_API_KEY" not in os.environ: os.environ["TOGETHER_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass("🔑 Enter your Together API key: ") We check whether the TOGETHER_API_KEY environment variable is already set; if not, it securely prompts us for the key with getpass and stores it in os.environ. The rest of the notebook can call Together AI’s API without hard‑coding secrets or exposing them in plain text by capturing the credentials once per runtime. from langchain_community.document_loaders import WebBaseLoader URLS = [ "https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/text_embedding/together/", "https://api.together.xyz/", "https://together.ai/blog" ] raw_docs = WebBaseLoader(URLS).load() WebBaseLoader fetches each URL, strips boilerplate, and returns LangChain Document objects containing the clean page text plus metadata. By passing a list of Together-related links, we immediately collect live documentation and blog content that will later be chunked and embedded for semantic search. from langchain.text_splitter import RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=800, chunk_overlap=100) docs = splitter.split_documents(raw_docs) print(f"Loaded {len(raw_docs)} pages → {len(docs)} chunks after splitting.") RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter slices every fetched page into ~800-character segments with a 100-character overlap so contextual clues aren’t lost at chunk boundaries. The resulting list docs holds these bite-sized LangChain Document objects, and the printout shows how many chunks were produced from the original pages, essential prep for high-quality embedding. from langchain_together.embeddings import TogetherEmbeddings embeddings = TogetherEmbeddings( model="togethercomputer/m2-bert-80M-8k-retrieval" ) from langchain_community.vectorstores import FAISS vector_store = FAISS.from_documents(docs, embeddings) Here we instantiate Together AI’s 80 M-parameter m2-bert retrieval model as a drop-in LangChain embedder, then feed every text chunk into it while FAISS.from_documents builds an in-memory vector index. The resulting vector store supports millisecond-level cosine searches, turning our scraped pages into a searchable semantic database. from langchain_together.chat_models import ChatTogether llm = ChatTogether( model="mistralai/Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3", temperature=0.2, max_tokens=512, ) ChatTogether wraps a chat-tuned model hosted on Together AI, Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3 to be used like any other LangChain LLM. A low temperature of 0.2 keeps answers grounded and repeatable, while max_tokens=512 leaves room for detailed, multi-paragraph responses without runaway cost. from langchain.chains import RetrievalQA qa_chain = RetrievalQA.from_chain_type( llm=llm, chain_type="stuff", retriever=vector_store.as_retriever(search_kwargs={"k": 4}), return_source_documents=True, ) RetrievalQA stitches the pieces together: it takes our FAISS retriever (returning the top 4 similar chunks) and feeds those snippets into the llm using the simple “stuff” prompt template. Setting return_source_documents=True means each answer will return with the exact passages it relied on, giving us instant, citation-ready Q-and-A. QUESTION = "How do I use TogetherEmbeddings inside LangChain, and what model name should I pass?" result = qa_chain(QUESTION) print("n🤖 Answer:n", textwrap.fill(result['result'], 100)) print("n📄 Sources:") for doc in result['source_documents']: print(" •", doc.metadata['source']) Finally, we send a natural-language query through the qa_chain, which retrieves the four most relevant chunks, feeds them to the ChatTogether model, and returns a concise answer. It then prints the formatted response, followed by a list of source URLs, giving us both the synthesized explanation and transparent citations in one shot. Output from the Final Cell In conclusion, in roughly fifty lines of code, we built a complete RAG loop powered end-to-end by Together AI: ingest, embed, store, retrieve, and converse. The approach is deliberately modular, swap FAISS for Chroma, trade the 80 M-parameter embedder for Together’s larger multilingual model, or plug in a reranker without touching the rest of the pipeline. What remains constant is the convenience of a unified Together AI backend: fast, affordable embeddings, chat models tuned for instruction following, and a generous free tier that makes experimentation painless. Use this template to bootstrap an internal knowledge assistant, a documentation bot for customers, or a personal research aide. Check out the Colab Notebook here. Also, feel free to follow us on Twitter and don’t forget to join our 90k+ ML SubReddit. Asif RazzaqWebsite |  + postsBioAsif Razzaq is the CEO of Marktechpost Media Inc.. As a visionary entrepreneur and engineer, Asif is committed to harnessing the potential of Artificial Intelligence for social good. His most recent endeavor is the launch of an Artificial Intelligence Media Platform, Marktechpost, which stands out for its in-depth coverage of machine learning and deep learning news that is both technically sound and easily understandable by a wide audience. The platform boasts of over 2 million monthly views, illustrating its popularity among audiences.Asif Razzaqhttps://www.marktechpost.com/author/6flvq/Agent-Based Debugging Gets a Cost-Effective Alternative: Salesforce AI Presents SWERank for Accurate and Scalable Software Issue LocalizationAsif Razzaqhttps://www.marktechpost.com/author/6flvq/A Step-by-Step Guide to Deploy a Fully Integrated Firecrawl-Powered MCP Server on Claude Desktop with Smithery and VeryaXAsif Razzaqhttps://www.marktechpost.com/author/6flvq/OpenAI Releases HealthBench: An Open-Source Benchmark for Measuring the Performance and Safety of Large Language Models in HealthcareAsif Razzaqhttps://www.marktechpost.com/author/6flvq/PrimeIntellect Releases INTELLECT-2: A 32B Reasoning Model Trained via Distributed Asynchronous Reinforcement Learning

I recently took up travel journaling as an honest alternative to performative social media. My kit cobbles together the best pen, paper, and photo printer I could find to document vanlife adventures for my spawn and some version of my future self that I’ve yet to meet.My father left behind a typewritten memoir that I’ve returned to again and again since his passing so many years ago. Oh, how I wish there was a hand-written version instead of an impersonal Microsoft Word file — his all-capped lettering forged by a career as an engineer, replete with scribbles and smears made by his ever-callused right hand. Even better if those pages had been adorned with photos of the people, places, and things he wanted me to see.My journaling kit consists of three main parts: a Pilot V7 pen, a notebook from the Traveler’s Company, and a Fujifilm Instax Mini Link 3 photo printer. The journal can be modified to your whims. Photo by Thomas Ricker / The VergeI opted for this transparent pocket to carry tape and other journaling accessories. Photo by Thomas Ricker / The VergeRubber bands allow you to add additional inserts. I carry two notebooks in mine. Photo by Thomas Ricker / The VergeI also opted for this pen holder to keep everything together. Photo by Thomas Ricker / The VergeThe pen choice was easy — I just listened to Liz. I value her opinion over Sam Altman’s, so the first thing I did was buy a pack of four Pilot V7 pens for less than $10.The paper journal was a bit tougher decision and resulted in a few false starts. I should have known better than to cheap out on something purchased from Amazon. After being disappointed by a few different “leather” covers and mismatched paper inserts, I decided to visit a physical office-supply store to press flesh to actual product. It was there that I reveled in the discovery of journals from Japan’s Traveller’s Company.Traveller’s Company makes the leather-bound travel journals your mind likely conjures when considering the topic. The rough-cut leather cover is made by hand in Thailand, while the paper notebook inserts are made in Japan. The sound, feel, and smell that comes with scratching ink into this journal can bring on a meditative bliss.Small, but not too small.I purchased the regular-sized Traveler’s notebook for $55, which includes the leather cover, blank no-line notebook, cotton bag, and spare rubber band. I don’t use the bag because I want the cover to be as patinated as my worn face when time runs out. I also added a $16 pen clip, a second $5.50 blank notebook, a pack of $6.40 connecting bands, and a $9.20 transparent zipper case where I carry a roll of tape, extra retention bands, and miscellaneous mementos like receipts and ticket stubs. The notebook measures 4.8(H) x 3.5(W) x 0.15(D) inches and is entirely concealed by the 5.2 x 3.8-inch cover. It’s small, but not so small that it can be easily lost inside a cluttered van. And it’s large enough that the two open pages can easily hold a single day’s written entry, including a miniature photograph or two.Fujifilm’s $99 Instax mini link 3 is perhaps my favorite journaling accessory. I got the idea to print out photos alongside my journal entries from Charles Liu’s YouTube channel. It takes about two minutes to power on the rechargeable device, find a picture that best represents my day in my iPhone’s photo library, and print it out wirelessly. A twin pack of replacement film that’s good for 20 pics costs $15. Each 62 × 46mm photo saves me a thousand words of written text, they say, reducing each night’s journaling session to about 5 to 10 minutes. A holy union of analog and digital.All in, this kit cost me $216 and change, and it’s worth every penny. It makes journaling so easy and rewarding that it’s something I look forward to — not dread — at the end of almost every travel day. I even miss the ritual after returning home. Solid indicators that I’ve created a journaling solution I’ll stick with, hopefully resulting in an intimate library of notebooks that chronicles my earthly journey.Photos by Thomas Ricker / The VergeSee More: