• Severance Season 2 Ending Explained: What Is Cold Harbor?
    www.denofgeek.com
    This article contains spoilers for Severance season 2 episode 10.Severance has done it again. The season two finale delivered massive plot twists, a handful of concrete answers, and an ending that upends the entire world of the show.The electrifying conclusion of the first season of Severance saw Mark S. trying to communicate to Devon that Gemma was still alive within Lumons walls. While season two wasnt always fully focused on this objective there are other plotlines, after all! the finale lived up to the central promise of the season one cliffhanger. Severance season 2 episode 10 Cold Harbor toyed with our hearts and minds while also giving us some things to chew on while we wait for a season three renewal. (Please, Apple? We know youre going to do it, so just do it.)So, where exactly did we leave everything at the end of Severance season 2? Lets break it down. Please appreciate each answer equally.What Is Cold Harbor?Cold Harbor was an innie created specifically for Gemma to face her inability to conceive, which was her deepest trauma. The room that triggered this consciousness was outfitted only with a single crib that she was asked to manually dismantle. As she takes it apart, the evil doctor who has been supervising her treatment marvels, She feels nothing, and the barrier is holding.Back in episode Chikhai Bardo, Gemma asks this doctor what will happen to her when she enters the Cold Harbor room, and he says, you will see the world again, and the world will see you. This sounds like nonsense, but then when she asks if shell see Mark again, he states, Kier will take away all his pain, just like he has taken away yours. This very much indicates that Lumons goal is for the severance chip to create the ability for people to sever from every discomfort in life, including their worst traumas.In a throwaway line while Mark is completing the file, we hear Helly ask Mark what will happen to Gemma when they remove the severance chip following her completion of Cold Harbor, and Mark raises his eyebrows, indicating that this process would kill her. Lumon didnt ever want Gemma; they wanted the information they programmed on the chip.What Happens to Gemma?Gemma is saved from death by none other than her husband. Well. Both the innie and outie versions of her husband help with her jailbreak, but still. As her Cold Harbor innie is dismantling the crib, Innie Mark gains access to the elevator at the end of the ominous black hallway by taking Lumon bigwig Mr. Drummond hostage with a bolt gun. As the elevator descends, Mark transitions into his outie self and a muscle reflex causes him to discharge the gun, killing Drummond in the process. Outie Mark is then able to gain access to the Cold Harbor room using his tie thats soaked in Drummonds blood. Sick.Outie Mark sees Gemma for the first time in 4 years (sob!) and, despite the fact that hes covered in blood, he gets her to come with him. They escape through the halls, changing into Ms. Casey and Innie Mark when they get to the elevator. Innie Mark brings Ms. Casey to the stairwell, where she turns back into Gemma. But Innie Mark doesnt leave. He spies Helly, and he stays within Lumon while Gemma screams fruitlessly into the window beyond the door. It feels like shes home free, but with all the sirens and red strobe lights activated, shed better run fast if she wants to get away from Lumon before someone catches her.Why Was Cobel Helping Mark?Other than a taste for vengeance and an odd, unexplained affection for Mark, the answer here is somewhat unclear.Ever since Helena Eagan declined Cobels request to return to the severed floor, Cobel has been on tilt. In the most divisive episode of the season, she returned to her hometown to recover old drawings of the severance chip that prove she was the inventor of the revolutionary technology. It feels like she wants to burn everything down. Helping Mark appears to be her way of telling the Lumon brass to devour feculence, but in her own chaotic way. I suppose well see if she has any lingering allegiance to the company in season three.Join our mailing listGet the best of Den of Geek delivered right to your inbox!Whats Up With the Goats?Occams Razor posits that the simplest answer tends to be the correct one. Many cultures and religions have historically sacrificed goats to the gods for a variety of different reasons. Lumon is built upon a god-like figure, Kier, and they have quite lofty ideas about the work theyre doing. It would stand to reason that they would sacrifice goats when theyve reached a milestone in their severance research, and even moreso if it involved the death of someone theyd come to respect.When Lorne brings an unbearably cute goat to Drummond, he states that this beast will be entombed with a cherished woman whose spirit it must guide to Kiers door. So, perhaps the goats dont have severance chips in them after all. Maybe theyre not even being cloned. Maybe theyre just sacrifices. Good news though. This goat, named Emile, gets to live.How Big is the Severed Floor, Really?When Mark S. finishes the Cold Harbor file, an entire marching band materializes out of thin air. Milchick says its the Choreography and Merriment department, and there are oh so many people in it. Tubas and trombones arent exactly quiet instruments, so I dont know how this department has been kept under wraps from other departments like MDR and O&D unless the severed floor is miles wide. Are the hallways actually underground tunnels? What other departments lurk around every corner? And, why on earth does the entire severed floor only have a single manager? Milchick was always set up to fail.Whats Next for the Innies and the Outies?There are a few characters that we dont see in this episode, most notably Burt and Irving. In the penultimate episode of the season, Irving chugged off into the sunset with his trusty pal Radar beside him, but his character still has so many mysteries to unveil. In an interview with The Hollywood Reporter, John Turturro hinted that he will be back for a third season, stating that Severance creator Dan Erickson has shared a wealth of Irvings backstory with him, and that hed like to bring it to the screen. So we definitely wont count Irving out as the story progresses.As for Dylan, well, its unclear if his position at MDR will still be there once the dust settles after the Cold Harbor debacle. But since the season ended on his outie literally telling him that he likes the idea of his badass innie existing at work, chances are that hell be back, too.Milchick and Cobel? Theyre probably both persona non grata at Lumon right now. I truly hope they find one another and team up in the near future. If aligned properly, those two might just be unstoppable.Now, Helly and Mark? They have chosen chaos. However, chaos is the only way that they could conceivably survive together. In a moment that feels very inspired by the iconic ending of Mike Nichols film The Graduate, Innie Mark chooses to stay with his love Helly on the severed floor instead of leaving with his outies wife. He runs to her, and they clasp hands, jogging through the hallways of Lumon, surrounded by red warning lights.What could this mean for their future, or the future of the show as a whole? Well, earlier in the finale, Helly is visited by Jame Eagan, her outies father and the CEO of the company. He admits to her that he doesnt love his daughter, Helena, and that he doesnt see the fire of Kier in her anymore but he sees it in Helly. Even though she just conspired to free Gemma, the fact that shes caught James eye in such a Kier-based way seems promising. I dont think she needs to worry about her innie persona being switched off just yet, and since Innie Mark is her main man, he might get some protection out of the deal, too.Innie Mark is just running on love at this point. His only hope is that the severed floor is so big that he and Helly can go find somewhere to hide out for a while. In fact, earlier in the episode, Helly is trying to think of more place names, and she comes up with the equator. She and Mark have a cute back-and-forth about what the equator could be, with both of them theorizing that its a really big building. Later, when Helly helps Mark make a run for the black hallway, she says, See you at the Equator. Perhaps Lumons severed floor really is the equator for all innies, and Mark and Helly will be bringing rebellion to the other departments in its latitudes during season three.All 10 episodes of Severance season 2 are available to stream on Apple TV+ now.
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  • Gemini app redesigns plus menu, adds Canvas on Android and iOS
    9to5google.com
    Following the web introduction on Tuesday, Gemini Canvas is now rolling out to the Android and iOS app with a redesign of the plus menu.Instead of a list, the plus menu now places Camera, Gallery, Files, and Drive (which is not available on iOS) side-by-side. Underneath the pill-shaped buttons, you get shortcuts for:Deep Research: Get in-depth answersCanvas: Write docs and codeOld vs. newIn the case of Deep Research, it saves you from having to go to the model picker. It follows Google no longer specifying what model is leveraged, currently: 2.0 Flash Thinking (experimental). When a feature is unavailable with a particular model, the buttons are grayed out. On gemini.google.com, those two buttons appear in the prompt bar. As of this week, youll also find a new Files in this chat button in the top-right corner.Canvas on mobile does not offer a split-pane interface like on desktop, which somewhat impacts the convenience. You can open and read drafts, but all edits require closing the document and then entering a new prompt in the chat. The ability to highlight and edit is unavailable on this form factor. However, there are preview and next version shortcuts in the top bar to quickly browse revisions.Canvas with this plus menu redesign for the Gemini app on Android and iOS is rolling out now. It follows the mobile Audio Overviews rollout.More on Gemini:Add 9to5Google to your Google News feed. FTC: We use income earning auto affiliate links. More.Youre reading 9to5Google experts who break news about Google and its surrounding ecosystem, day after day. Be sure to check out our homepage for all the latest news, and follow 9to5Google on Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn to stay in the loop. Dont know where to start? Check out our exclusive stories, reviews, how-tos, and subscribe to our YouTube channel
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  • Somner Macdonald adds pyramid-roofed extension to Arts and Crafts house
    www.architectsjournal.co.uk
    The project involved some work to the existing house but focused primarily on the new extension, which is topped by two 6m and 7m-high asymmetric roof forms and enjoys views out to the garden planting, ponds and courtyards.The spatial planning introduces subtle divisions and level changes to demarcate zones, while long sightlines maintain a sense of openness and connection to the garden through floor-to-ceiling glazing.Picking up on the original homes proportions, the new lofty gallery-like living spaces have skylights set within the apex of the roofs, positioned to direct light into the interior while preventing overheating.AdvertisementA rich minimal palette of pale brick, warm-toned concrete floors and terracotta roof tiles has been used, while landscaping includes a terrace, planters and a mature olive tree courtyard.Architects viewTheres a richness to the old part of the house, and the new addition needed to speak to it without simply replicating it. The main driver was to create a stunning kitchen, living and dining space that flowed effortlessly from the old part of the house into the new and out to the garden. The client had a few prerequisites lots of glass, big boot rooms, big pantries lots of function for easy family living.Youre not outdoors, but youre so aware of how close nature is. We wanted the extension to feel like a natural evolution of the original design while introducing a bold modernity. Bringing in the brick from the outdoors to the same finish on the walls inside creates richness, contrast and tactile finishes. Theres something really calming about the scale of the space its almost ecclesiastical. youre not outdoors, but youre so aware of how close nature is. Its a distinct departure, but it balances and enriches the original house.From the front door, you get this wonderful view through the extension brick-lined walls, concrete floors, and a singular tall pivot door leading to the courtyard, where a mature olive tree adds a special touch.Sen Gaule, architect director, Somner Macdonald ArchitectsProject dataLocation EdinburghStart on site April 2o22CompletionAugust 2024Gross internal floor area 630m2Form of contract Traditional Negotiated Tender SBCC MWD/Scot 2016Construction cost UndisclosedArchitect Somner MacDonald ArchitectsClient PrivateStructural engineer Narro AssociatesInterior designer Jane Perfect InteriorsApproved building inspector City of Edinburgh CouncilMain contractor OroccoCAD software used VectorworksAdvertisement
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  • Best of Blender Artists: 2025-12
    www.blendernation.com
    Every week, hundreds of artists share their work on the Blender Artists forum. I'm putting some of the best work in the spotlight in a weekly post here on BlenderNation.Source
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  • Exploring the Wild: Concept Art from Monster Hunter: World by Marthe Jonkers
    www.iamag.co
    Step into the breathtaking world of Monster Hunter: World through the eyes of Marthe Jonkers, whose concept art helped shape the games unforgettable environments and creatures. With its richly detailed ecosystems, colossal monsters, and immersive sense of adventure, Monster Hunter: World remains one of Capcoms most visually ambitious titlesand Marthe played a key role in bringing that vision to life.After graduating as a Game Designer in the Netherlands, Marthe began her journey in Japan, contributing to titles like Metal Gear Rising and Square Enixs Agnis Philosophy. Her time at Capcom marked a creative turning point, where she worked on fan favorites such as Dragons Dogma and, notably, Monster Hunter: World. After six years in Japan, her career took her to Poland to help craft the vibrant world of Cyberpunk 2077 and its expansion Phantom Liberty at CD Projekt Red. Now an Art Director at Massive Entertainment, Marthe continues to bring fantastical worlds to lifemost recently with Star Wars: Outlaws.This exclusive selection highlights her contributions to Monster Hunter: World, showcasing the artistry, imagination, and design sensibility;
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  • Shaddy Safadi: Adapting to Change in the Digital Art World
    www.iamag.co
    Shaddy Safadi has seamlessly transitioned from a concept artist to animation director, forging a path that blends artistry, technology, and innovation. As the founder of One Pixel Brush and a veteran of the industry with credits on iconic games like The Last of Us and Uncharted, Safadi offers a unique perspective on the ever-evolving digital art landscape.The post Shaddy Safadi: Adapting to Change in the Digital Art World appeared one day on IAMAG Inspiration.
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  • Onimusha 2's Switch Remaster Introduces New One-Hit 'Hell' Mode
    www.nintendolife.com
    Subscribe to Nintendo Life on YouTube799kDuring the Future Games Show today, Capcom chimed in with another look and some more information about the Onimusha 2: Samurai's Destiny remaster, slicing its way onto the Switch this May.One of the highlights from the game's director Motohide Eshiro was about the new "Hell" mode - which he describes as an "extremely hard difficulty mode". If you get hit even once by an enemy it's game over and surprisingly, he hasn't even been able to complete it himself yet:"I haven't been able to complete it myself yet, but some members of the staff have been able to pull it off - so I hope everyone tries it out to see if they can get through it."Subscribe to Nintendo Life on YouTube799kWatch on YouTube This mode will follow on from the "Hard" and "Critical" modes, so if you've already worked through those, this could be a "nice new challenge" to take on.Image: CapcomApart from this, Eshiro also touched on gameplay features like the Critical Attack and how it's greatly evolved with the ability to chain multiple attacks together. Magic attacks have also evolved, as well as charge attacks at your disposal.Additionally, minigames will be available from the start and everything is "unlocked from the beginning". You'll also be able to listen to the soundtrack at any time, with a digital soundtrack of over 40 tracks. As for special features, there'll be over 100 pieces of artwork in high-definition you can view in a gallery.Of course, there have also been various other upgrades including "quality-of-life improvements" to make the experience more fun to play and easier. Pre-orders for this upcoming release are now available on the Switch eShop, with the game due out on 23rd May 2025.There'll also be a bonus album selection pack for pre-orders and a save data bonus outfit for Onimusha: Warlords players. Ahead of 'Way of the Sword' next yearWill you be checking out this remaster of Onimusa 2 on the Switch? How about the new Hell mode? Tell us in the comments.Related GamesSee AlsoShare:00 Liam is a news writer and reviewer for Nintendo Life and Pure Xbox. He's been writing about games for more than 15 years and is a lifelong fan of Mario and Master Chief. Hold on there, you need to login to post a comment...Related ArticlesPokmon Scarlet & Violet: Mystery Gift Codes ListAll the current Pokmon Scarlet and Violet Mystery Gift codesSakurai Says Japanese Developers Should Avoid Trying To Appeal To Western Tastes"I think that they seek the uniqueness and fun of Japanese games"Final Fantasy Pixel Remasters Land New Update As Series Passes 200 Million SalesHere are the full patch notes
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  • Peel 3Ds latest Peel.CAD Pro for scan-to-CAD reverse engineering
    3dprintingindustry.com
    Creaform-backed portable 3D scanner manufacturer Peel 3D has launched Peel.CAD Pro, a 3D scanning manipulation software designed to simplify professional reverse engineering workflows.Built specifically for use with Peel 3 3D scanners, the software is meant to help users convert scan data into CAD-ready models with fewer steps and less friction. It now sits alongside the companys existing offerings, Peel.OS and Peel.CAD, as part of a growing ecosystem of 3D scanning tools.Coinciding with the software release, Peel 3D has also rolled out a revised pricing structure. The Peel 3 scanner bundled with Peel.OS is available online for $5,990. A package that includes the scanner and Peel.CAD is priced at $8,990. The most comprehensive option, combining the Peel 3 scanner with the new Peel.CAD Pro software, is set at $11,990.Peel.CAD Pro is a game-changer for in-demand companies that want to harness 3D scanning processes for their reverse engineering projects, said Pierre-Luc Delagrave, Product Manager at Creaform. Peel.CAD Pro makes it easy for users to generate usable and accurate CAD models right after 3D scanning, saving substantial time and effort.A person using the Peel 3 3D scanner to scan an interior car door panel on a table next to a laptop displaying the scanned data in real time. Photo via Peel 3D.Whats new in Peel.CAD Pro?According to the company, Peel.CAD Pro is aimed at businesses and experienced consumers who need to reverse engineer relatively simple parts, whether for product design, tuning, MRO work, or broader engineering tasks.What makes the software stand out is how accessible it is, even for users with limited background in 3D scanning or CAD. Its designed to handle a wide range of shapes and sizes, and the setup is intended to reduce the learning curve typically associated with reverse engineering.Under the hood, the software offers several tools to help users move from scan to CAD with more ease. Features include mesh extraction algorithms, alignment controls, sketching tools, and solid modeling capabilities.Theres also a real-time analysis function, which lets users compare their 3D models with the original scan data as they work, an added layer of feedback that can help with precision.Those working in SolidWorks may find the direct integration particularly useful. This feature from Peel.CAD Pro allows users to transfer design history and timeline operations straight into SolidWorks, which could help eliminate the need to jump between programs and rebuild features manually.More details about Peel.CAD Pro, its capabilities, and the updated product bundles are available on the companys website at www.peel-3d.com.A screenshot of a scan of a casting 3-in-2 pipe within the Peel.CAD Pro platform. Image via Peel 3D.Refining scan data through specialized softwareCapturing a scan is only half the job, processing that data into something usable is where dedicated software makes all the difference.With this in mind, 3D scanner manufacturer Thor3D released version 3.3 of its scan processing software, Calibry Nest, in 2020. This update introduced support for the Calibry Mini 3D scanner, along with faster texturizing, enhanced scan manipulation tools, and a redesigned user interface.Designed to serve as a bridge between Thor3Ds scanners and users computers, Calibry Nest allows users to process and finalize 3D scans for printing. New features include a Curvature Selection tool, an upgraded model dissection system, and performance improvements to functions like Cut on Frames and texture mapping.At the same time, 3D printer OEM 3D Systems announced two novel versions of its Geomagic Design X and Geomagic Wrap 3D scan processing software, aimed at helping engineers streamline their workflows and produce high-precision products from scan data more efficiently.As a part of the package, Geomagic Design X 2020 introduced features like Unroll/Reroll, which allowed users to unwrap a 3D mesh into a 2D sketch and then rewrap it, improving accuracy in modeling revolved parts. It also included Selective Surfacing to support hybrid CAD modeling. Meanwhile, Geomagic Wrap 2021 added scripting automation, a Python-based editor, improved texture map tools, and HD Mesh Construction for filling in gaps in point cloud data.Later in 2024, 3D Systems sold its Geomagic portfolio to Hexagons Manufacturing Intelligence Division for $123 million, with the transaction expected to close in the first half of 2025 (H1 2025) following customary regulatory reviews.What3D printing trendsshould you watch out for in 2025?How is thefuture of 3D printingshaping up?To stay up to date with the latest 3D printing news, dont forget to subscribe to the 3D Printing Industry newsletter or follow us on Twitter, or like our page on Facebook.While youre here, why not subscribe to our Youtube channel? Featuring discussion, debriefs, video shorts, and webinar replays.Featured image shows a person using the Peel 3 3D scanner to scan an interior car door panel on a table next to a laptop displaying the scanned data in real time. Photo via Peel 3D.
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  • UFC Cuts Vet After Fight Is Canceled Due To Opponents Weight Miss
    www.forbes.com
    LAS VEGAS, NV - DECEMBER 10: Dana White appears at the UFC 282 post-fight press conference on ... More December 10, 2022, at the T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas, NV. (Photo by Amy Kaplan/Icon Sportswire via Getty Images)Icon Sportswire via Getty ImagesMontana De La Rosa was supposed to fight Luana Carolina on March 1, but the latter couldnt compete due to weight-cutting complications. The fight was called off.Rather surprisingly, De La Rosa was removed from the UFCs roster on March 20 and not Carolina who has now missed weight twice in her last three scheduled fights. Well see what happens with Carolina as her consistent problems making weight probably arent sitting well with UFC President Dana White and Co.LAS VEGAS, NEVADA - FEBRUARY 26: Montana De La Rosa poses for a portrait during a UFC photo session ... More on February 26, 2025 in Las Vegas, Nevada. (Photo by Jeff Bottari/Zuffa LLC)Zuffa LLCDe La Rosa snapped a three-fight losing streak in what seemed like a make-or-break fight in a rematch against Andrea Lee in June 2024. The 30-year-old eked out a split decision win in a battle of women who came in on nasty losing streaks.Lee had lost four in a row coming into the fight. Shes now lost a record six fights in a row, and the UFC has parted ways with her as well. While De La Rosas 13-9-1 record was far from impressive and her 6-5-1 mark in the UFC is average at best, its still strange to see a fighter cut after a winespecially when their next fight is canceled due to their opponents weight miss.LAS VEGAS, NV - JULY 06: Montana De La Rosa reacts after her submission victory over Rachael ... More Ostovich in their women's flyweight bout during The Ultimate Fighter Finale event inside The Pearl concert theater at Palms Casino Resort on July 6, 2018 in Las Vegas, Nevada. (Photo by Jeff Bottari/Zuffa LLC/Zuffa LLC via Getty Images)Zuffa LLC via Getty ImagesDe La Rosa is a veteran of The Ultimate Fighter Season 26 in 2017. She competed on the show, which was set up to crown the inaugural womens flyweight champion. De La Rosa won her first fight against Ariel Beck via Darce choke in the first round.However, De La Rosa lost to the eventual winner of the season and the first-ever womens flyweight champion, Nicco Montano. Though De La Rosa was eliminated from the season, she did fight on the TUF 26 Season Finale. She scored another first-round submission win over Christina Marks via armbar.De La Rosa didnt compete again until the TUF 27 Finale when she defeated Rachael Ostovich via third-round submission in July 2018. De La Rosa would win by submission again in February 2019 when she tapped out Nadia Kassem via armbar in the second round at UFC 234.Lee handed De La Rosa her first loss in the UFC when she won a unanimous decision in June 2019. Things went up and down for De La Rosa from there, with her falling short against Viviane Araujo, Maycee Barber, Tatiana Suarez, and JJ Aldrich before avenging the 2019 loss to Lee and snapping a three-fight skid.Nonetheless, the UFC elected to go in a different direction, making De La Rosa a free agent. It will be interesting to see if the Professional Fighters League is interested in De La Rosa. She has big-time experience and could be an opponent for one of the promotions biggest stars, Dakota Ditcheva.Up Next - UFC LondonSomewhere between a PPV and an Apex event, thats where the UFC London card sitsand Im here for it. Leon Edwards climbs back into the Octagon for the first time since losing his title to Belal Muhammad.Edwards takes on Sean Brady, with the winner seemingly set up to fight for the title in the near future. Here is a look at the entire card.Main Card (Starting at 3:00 PM ET):Welterweight Bout: Leon Edwards vs. Sean BradyLight Heavyweight Bout: Jan Bachowicz vs. Carlos UlbergWelterweight Bout: Gunnar Nelson vs. Kevin HollandWomen's Strawweight Bout: Molly McCann vs. Alexia ThainaraLightweight Bout: Jordan Vucenic vs. Chris DuncanFeatherweight Bout: Nathaniel Wood vs. Morgan CharrirePreliminary Card (Starting at 12:00 PM ET):Lightweight Bout: Jai Herbert vs. Chris PadillaFlyweight Bout: Loneer Kavanagh vs. Felipe dos SantosHeavyweight Bout: Marcin Tybura vs. Mick ParkinMiddleweight Bout: Christian Leroy Duncan vs. Andre PulyaevWomen's Strawweight Bout: Shauna Bannon vs. Puja TomarBantamweight Bout: Nathan Fletcher vs. Caolan LoughranLightweight Bout: Guram Kutateladze vs. Kaue Fernandes
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  • Cambodias High-Income Future Is Nuclear
    www.forbes.com
    A Vision of Progress Can Cambodias Energy Future Keep Pace with Its Rapid Growth? Phnom Penh at NightPrime Minister Hun Manet is two years into his tenure, and he will have challenges to confront. His predecessor led the nation out of genocide, and brought it extraordinary development. During his decades of leadership, he brought the peace and stability needed for civil society to sprout from the ashes of civil conflict. Stability led to steady economic expansion: between 1995 and 2019 Cambodias annual growth averaged 7.6% with textiles and tourism, agriculture and construction as the primary drivers. China saw its potential long ago and has massively invested in infrastructure, funding every hydropower dam, among other civil projects. The new administration looks to continue the progress of the previous, and lead Cambodia to the Vision 2050 goal of High-Income Nation status. 2050 is also a significant year for Cambodias Climate Change indicators within the framework of the Paris Climate Agreement.Cambodias Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), created in compliance with the Paris Agreement 2015, necessitate reaching net-zero Carbon Emissions with 60% of its Forest Cover, by 2050. Cambodias current forest cover stands at 43%, increasing it to 60% is an important component of achieving carbon neutrality. The forests act as carbon sinks, meaning they naturally remove carbon from the atmosphere. This amount of carbon sinking removes 50 Megatons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent per year. If the carbon isnt sequestered in the trees of the forest, its released into the atmosphere by logging and forest fires, which drastically increase the temperature of the surface of the earth. See map below by NASA.GOVNASA Forest fires recorded in the last 30 days. Feb 21 - March 21. Every red dot represents a fire.Source: nasa.govThe World Bank presents a sober analysis for 108 nations stuck in the middle-income trap, the situation of being unable to break into the ranks of high-income nation status. In their 2024 World Development Report on the Middle-Income Trap, they detail the problem and how to get out of it. It describes the Three Is of development: Investment, Infusion, and Innovation. Transitioning from Investment to Infusion entails attracting foreign businesses to bring technical know-how, and transfer technical skills to the workforce. After the country has built up sufficient domestic infrastructure and human capital, the nation will be able to pivot to Innovation, and make themselves competitive on the global stage. Countries that dont do this will stay middle-income manufacturing hubs for the high-income nations.These nations wont be able to get past the point of stagnation that occurs at $7-8K per capita without innovation. This looming problem is farther away for Cambodia, which will near $3,000 per capita in 2025. However, it will have to be solved to achieve Vision 2050.India is in the middle-income trap. India will take another 75 years to reach one quarter of the American per capita income. Notable reasons attributed for this include the lack of political inclusivity and institutions, and social mobility. Elitism and majoritarianism are not conducive to prosperity. Protectionist policies that prevent corporations from being tested in international markets deprive them of useful stress tests. Limited social mobility leads to alienation of the disenfranchised, and ossification. This will not support societal stability, let alone growth.20th Century technologies will leave Cambodia in the 20th Century. Infuse now with the most advanced and promising technologies to prepare Cambodia for the 22nd century. Cambodian engineers will be among those innovating for posterity. The 35-year-old engineers of 2050 are currently 10-year-old students. Will only the children of the rich have opportunities to participate in the nations bright future? Will all Cambodian students have the opportunity to work in emerging industries the world over, and return home with expertise, as the Koreans allowed? Will they have the chance to rise in society proportional to their industriousness, or will the best jobs and upper ranks be limited to the children of the current tycoons?The World Bank encourages countries to treat crises as opportunities. Climate change is an ongoing catastrophe that will make or break nations. The Tropic Belt countries are among the most susceptible. The overarching difficulty is to concurrently remedy the challenges of ecological collapse and economic impoverishment. While most people consider them irreconcilable, Innovation will address both of these issues.Nuclear Power is the shockingly simple (simple) solution to a range of seemingly disconnected problems, now revealed to be opportunities. Nuclear Power generates limitless electricity of course, but also: fertilizers, animal feed, desalinization, fuels for cars, planes, trains, and other automobiles, clean concrete, Direct Air Capture and more promisingly, Direct Ocean Capture are some of the many products and methods that become more accessible with Nuclear Power.Direct Ocean Capture is the single most effective method at removing Legacy Carbon (carbon previously released) from the environment. It simultaneously fights Ocean Acidification, the Evil Twin of Climate Change thats currently decimating coral reefs and shellfish populations. By extension, food webs are collapsing.With forward thinking and decisive leadership, Cambodia can secure the next 40-70 years of its energy supply while maintaining the forests and not sacrificing the environment. Nuclear Power will be a big investment, but the avenues exist to effectively execute this.Russia has made agreements with 57 nations, specifically relating to Nuclear Power. China has Nuclear Power well established, and as the sole investor in hydropower dams, it would be a basic policy shift to redirect their time, expertise, and capital to Reactors. Theyre experimenting with Thorium Reactor designs, building one of commercial capacity in the Gobi Desert, that should be operational by 2030.While Washington isnt currently sympathetic to green technology, this is temporary. Silicon Valley understands technology, at the least, and is massively investing in avant-garde energy solutions. Bill Gates TerraPower started construction on a Salt-Cooled Reactor in Wyoming just last year. Meta and Microsoft are actively invested in Nuclear Power; AI takes a lot of electricity. Amazon is investing in Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) and is exploring Nuclear Fusion, trying to get ahead on the energy source of the 22nd Century (IAEA Fusion FAQs). All serious solutions for Climate Change and long-term energy supply involve Nuclear Power.France is the longtime leader of Nuclear Power, and is actively modernizing their aging system. Cambodia would find France an ideal partner to invest and share skills. Small Modular Reactors and Molten Salt Reactors are newer technologies well adapted for Cambodia, and now is the time to be on the forefront of implementing these.Cambodia lacks strategic energy policy that considers the various difficulties it will face over the next century. Theres little margin to waver or time to ponder; actions must now be taken to avoid the current direction of economic and ecological collapse. Energy independence brings a nation autonomy, and it can progress to being an energy exporter enjoying soft power. Earnings from this soft power could become hard power.The World Bank observes that crises may be opportunities for a middle-income country to stress test its corporations, reform where needed and not just survive, but profit from the difficulties. Climate Change is an ongoing disaster affecting us all, but none more than residents of the Tropical Belt.With clean, cheap electricity available, so many other doors open. Not only will a nation be able to prevent emissions into the future, theyll be able to use techniques like Carbon Sequestration, Direct Ocean Capture or Direct Air Capture, to remove Legacy Carbon and undo the damage of the previous Industrial Revolutions.Cambodia is wary of over reliance on any one nation. Thats sound geopolitical strategy, and yet more important in times of global tension. To avoid becoming a vassal or proxy, and maintain its constitutionally enshrined non-alignment and territorial integrity, Cambodia needs energy independence. Negotiating from a place of strength is the only way to effectively negotiate. To avoid the looming middle-income trap, it requires innovation. To make any economic progress without destroying its remaining forests and waterways, decisive leadership will be needed to direct the translation of policy into action.If we reform, we survive; if we dont, we perish, the Prime Minister stated plainly in mid-March.Hun Sen the Sage led the recovery, let Hun Manet the Visionary lead the economic renaissance.
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