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With Thoravej 29, pihlmann architects has created a welcoming workspace for collaborative groups in Copenhagen
Anyone approaching Thoravej 29 in Copenhagen’s post-industrial, rapidly gentrifying Nordvest neighborhood will encounter buildings in a variety of historic styles. There’s an early-1900s lowrise apartment building faced in traditional Danish detailed red brickwork and, right next door, a completely asynchronous pair of small gable-roofed houses from the early 1800s that could have been airlifted in from a countryside village.
The 4-story shell at number 29, built in 1968 using Denmark’s ubiquitous yellow brick, fits right in—despite being the only structure of its era on the block. After all, it’s a building type seen throughout northern Europe: 4 stories high, brick, each floor with a long, continuous row of connected windows. (Originally used for fur auctions, the space was later converted to house labs for the Danish Geological Survey and then offices for municipal use.) But any sense of familiarity ends once a visitor arrives and stands on that same yellow wall brick—this time as part of the sidewalk, like a preview of the innovations in material reuse to be experienced inside.
The 4-story shell at Thoravej 29 was built in 1968 using common yellow brick. (Hampus Berndtson)
For this is not just any old renovation: pihlmann architects’ redesign of Thoravej 29 is setting new standards for not only how much but also how to dramatically reduce and reuse waste in a renovation—without losing all-important elegance.
The existing building covers a total area of roughly 50,000 square feet, with an additional 18,500-square-foot basement. Today it is home to a coworking community of the same name as the address. This includes approximately 175 people from 28 organizations who operate independently but often collaborate across fields that include art, social innovation, politics, democracy, digital innovation, and sustainability.
Sections of wall were removed to make ground-floor window openings. (Hampus Berndtson)
Chief among these organizations is the building owner, Bikubenfonden (“the Beehive Foundation,” in English), which bought the building in 2021 with plans to move its company headquarters there from its longtime home in central Copenhagen. The foundation’s board invited three architecture studios whose guiding principles aligned with the organization’s focus on tackling society’s most pressing challenges to compete for the building’s redesign. After pairing each studio with a construction company and an engineering firm (to make sure each entry could be built), the board met with each team at three points along the way before accepting final submissions. This was an innovative approach to organizing a competition, meant to reduce the time studios typically end up spending on elaborate, unchosen entries. It had successful results.
In the end, the foundation selected pihlmann, which partnered with contractor Hoffmann A/S and engineers ABC Rådgivende Ingeniører for a design that placed a heavy emphasis on reusing the existing building’s own materials. Søren Kaare-Andersen, administrative director of Bikubenfonden, told AN, “Before we started the renovation, we made an active choice to work with sustainability as a guideline, and we made all our decisions with that as the starting point: to use what is available instead of drawing on resources that are already scarce.”
The entire back facade is now illuminated by a glass curtain wall that stands a few feet away from the original brick facade. (Hampus Berndtson)
As it happened, Søren Pihlmann, principal of pihlmann architects, had been designing with sustainability in mind since his architecture school days. In his own words, “We demolish and build anew more than we use what we already have, and we do it in a way that damages not only our basis of existence but the basis of existence of future generations, especially,” he said during a recent tour given to AN. “Has this harsh reality truly not dawned on us yet?”
With this in mind, all the projects he’s helmed thus far share an aesthetic grounded in the visible use of common materials like corrugated metal and plywood and design approaches that tie directly into adaptability and reuse—like making it easy to access technical and plumbing systems (for easier updating when the time comes) and extensive reuse of demolished materials when renovating.
Thoravej 29 features both approaches, but the latter stands as its most noteworthy achievement. The project recycled an astounding 95 percent of its own demolition waste, minimizing 90 percent of the material waste and 88 percent of the CO2 emissions of typical new construction.
These achievements have hardly gone unnoticed: The building received a DGNB Gold precertification from the Danish Council for Sustainable Building in the fall of 2023 and was named Denmark’s 2024 Building of the Year by the Danish construction trade journal Licitationen.
Furniture made from pieces of salvaged material encourage collaboration between the building’s coworking residents. (Hampus Berndtson)
“We wanted to create something that might serve as an inspiration for other architects working on not just this building typology but many different ones as well. I decided to look at the project as a closed ecosystem, with the idea being that we couldn’t introduce anything new,” Pihlmann said. To that end, the team saved and reused functional components, like plastic window frames that had over a decade more of expected usable life and outdated red floor tiles that they found ways to incorporate in the restrooms. They also repurposed large-scale structural components, like the concrete floor slabs they removed to make double-height spaces and transformed into stairways. And where they took out sections of brick wall to make ground-floor window openings into wide, community-welcoming doorways, they simply flipped them down 90 degrees to serve as sidewalk pavers.
Old metal ventilation ducts were compressed into blocks (reminiscent of the late American sculptor John Chamberlain’s work) to support tabletops. Damaged doors were reduced to sawdust, mixed with a biobased resin, and molded into a new solid surface material for the cafe and tea kitchen countertops. On a larger scale, interior spaces were adapted for flexible use to avoid unnecessary structural changes and expand the overall program far beyond the physical footprint.
Perhaps most impressive is that despite all this in-your-face reuse of industrial concrete, metal, and sawdust—which could have turned Thoravej 29 into a Brutalist’s Valhalla, lacking any experiential hygge—it actually feels quite good to be there.
Entering from the street into the main lobby, a visitor has a first interaction with the interior that is the unheralded, movement-triggered parting of a pair of transparent heavy plastic curtains that make up a sort of momentary vestibule that appears and vanishes for each visitor in turn. The curtains slide back on a track curving toward the doors, which feels something like the love child of a carwash and the beginning of a vaudeville show. The effect is welcoming.
Ropes and pulleys attached to the staircase are not functional, rather they are a sculptural art piece by Minae Kim. (Hampus Berndtson)
Inside, a wide and dramatic staircase (with an airy cafe to the right and a waiting and reception area to the left) beckons the eye upward to the bright, open spaces above. The metal stair treads are mounted on a single, massive slab of concrete that gives the appearance of having been simply cut on three sides out of the ceiling above then folded down along the fourth side until it hit the floor. An attached set of ropes and pulleys suggests the possibility of folding it back up, but these turn out to be a sculptural art piece by Minae Kim—one of a group of four permanent, location-specific artworks commissioned by Bikubenfonden for the building.
In the entrance area and throughout the building, sharp edges are either filed just round enough or kept away from the foot traffic of soft bodies. Cushions soften otherwise hard seating, and a muted color palette of grays, tans, and a buttery pale yellow—chosen to match the yellowed enamel of the building’s original (reused) radiators—allows the eye to rest. Solid walls and curtained glass allow for privacy where you’d expect it, while discrete areas distinguished by furniture groupings are connected via clear sightlines.
Through it all flows an abundance of daylight, even on a typically cloudy Danish winter day, reducing electricity use for lighting and helping boost occupant well-being and productivity. This is because the entire back facade is a glass curtain wall. The wall stands a few feet from the original brick facade, which remains in place, though with all windows and large sections of wall removed. The building’s ventilation and other technical stacks, sheathed in shiny aluminum tubes and located for easy access, rise dramatically through this interstitial space.
Good natural light reduces electricity use and helps boost occupant well-being and productivity. (Hampus Berndtson)
Before Thoravej 29, pihlmann architects was best known for its award-winning House 14a, a high-concept residential renovation-plus-addition project in a Copenhagen suburb that incorporates many of the material and reuse principles seen in Thoravej. Other high-profile initiatives include its reconception of the office and exhibition space of ArtHub Copenhagen, one of the organizations that has since relocated to Thoravej 29, and Kunsthal 44Møn, an experimental art space on the island of Møn, a few hours south of Copenhagen.
In line with his growing renown on both the architecture and sustainability scenes, Pihlmann himself was selected by the Danish Architecture Center to curate the Danish Pavilion at the upcoming Biennale Architettura 2025 in Venice. Because of flooding driven by climate change, the pavilion has long needed a renovation—and in response to the selection panel’s question “Can we keep on building the world without building anew?” Pihlmann chose to make the exhibition and the renovation one and the same. It will open when the upgrades are only half complete, and construction will continue throughout the Biennale, allowing the public to witness the building’s internal structures and materials and the actual process of their reuse to fortify and expand the site.
Pihlmann said, “I think in architecture, and the building industry in general, we’re all looking for role models who can inspire us to think differently.” By redefining how we build, showing it’s possible to prioritize what we already have, he’s doing just that.
Holly McWhorter is a writer, designer, and artist based in Copenhagen and New York City.
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