• Rayner approves M&S Oxford Street plans
    www.architectsjournal.co.uk
    She today (5 December) ruled that the retailer could press ahead with its plan to replace the iconic building with a 10-storey office scheme by Pilbrow & Partners.Rayners Tory predecessor, Michael Gove, blocked M&Ss plans to demolish its flagship Oxford Street store in July 2023, but his decision was quashed by a High Court judge in March 2024.The court ruling meant the case had to be returned to the secretary of state to be redetermined. With the change of government this summer, the final decision fell to Rayner.AdvertisementCelebrities including Bill Bryson, Kevin McCloud, George Clarke and Griff Rhys Jones signed an open letter to the communities secretary this summer demanding that M&S Oxford Street be saved from demolition.The writers, broadcasters and comedians joined architects including Native Studio founder Sanaa Shaikh, London Eye designer Julia Barfield and Sarah Wigglesworth to urge Rayner to save the building.In their letter, the pro-retention campaigners described the retailers proposal as a smash-and-grab.The last government made clear it would act on the significant embodied carbon emissions associated with demolition followed by replacement building, they wrote.For a Labour government elected partly on its commitment to climate action and creating a zero-waste economy to fall short of this perhaps under the misapprehension that such an approach is anti-development would be a tragedy.AdvertisementThe letter said that the re:store design competition run by AJ and SAVE Britains Heritage (SAVE) highlighted progressive options for the M&S buildings re-use and adaption, demonstrating that by no means does this groundswell of opposition equal nimbyism.Other signatories to the letter include, the AJ's managing editor Will Hurst, SAVE director Henrietta Billings, Mikhail Riches co-founder Annalie Riches, HTA chair and former RIBA president Ben Derbyshire, Bennetts founder Rab Bennetts, Henley Halebrown principal Simon Henley and head of the London School of Architecture Neal Shasore.M&Ss proposal for its flagship 1920s store near Marble Arch would see three buildings on the prominent corner site next to Selfridges demolished and replaced with a 10-storey new store and office block.Because of the up-front carbon cost of new construction, the plan would release almost 40,000 tonnes of embodied carbon.The carbon impact of the proposal was highlighted by Gove among his reasons for refusal last year, along with heritage and design concerns.However, the decision was overturned by the High Court on 1 March, following an M&S appeal on procedural grounds, which meant the retailer had to prove to the High Court that Gove had made an error in his decision-making. In her judgement, Mrs Justice Lieven ruled that M&S had succeeded in five out of six grounds for appeal.Having reappraised the plans and the planning inspector's report, Rayner has now approved the application. In terms of the loss of buildings and the impact to the surrounding historic environment, she claimed the 'benefits of the proposal outweigh the harm to the significance of the designated heritage assets'.She acknowledged that the scheme's embodied carbon and the fact that the required demolition would, in part, fail to 'support the transition to a low carbon future' weighed against the proposal, as per paragraph 157 (formerly paragraph 152) of the NPPF.However Rayner argued that those issues had to be set against the 'advantages of concentrating development in such a highly accessible location', the employment and regeneration benefits, and the 'potential harm to the vitality and viability' to London's West End which could follow from a refusal of permission.Responding to Rayners decision, M&S chief executive Stuart Machin said: I am delighted that, after three unnecessary years of delays, obfuscation and political posturing at its worst under the previous government, our plans for Marble Arch the only retail-led regeneration proposal on Oxford Street have finally been approved.We can now get on with the job of helping to rejuvenate the UKs premier shopping street through a flagship M&S store and office space, which will support 2,000 jobs and act as a global standard-bearer for sustainability.He added: We share the governments ambition to breathe the life back into our cities and towns and are pleased to see they are serious about getting Britain building and growing. We will now move as fast as we can.Pilbrow & Partners' founder Fred Pilbrow described the decision as 'long overdue' and echoed Machins words. tellnig the AJ: 'We can now get on with the job of helping to rejuvenate the UKs premier shopping street through a flagship M&S store and office space, which will support 2,000 jobs and act as a global standard-bearer for sustainability.'However Henrietta Billings, director SAVE Britain's Heritage, described the decision as a 'missed opportunity'.She said: 'The government has chosen the easy option business as usual - when it had a real chance to show leadership and ambition on this urgent issue. Our old, wasteful knock-it-down-and-start-again model is broken. There is real appetite in the construction sector for change. Theyre crying out for clarity from government.'Our old, wasteful knock-it-down-and-start-again model is brokenShe added: 'Reusing buildings is great for the planet, great for communities and its also great for growth. Just look at the cultural powerhouse that is Tate Modern, or converted department stores across the country, or the great Pennine textile mills that are once again a driving force in their local economies as commercial space or homes.'It is wilfully myopic not to see that the elegant M&S building could play a similar role in the story of Oxford Street, whose fortunes are already on the up.'More to follow.
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  • Winner of Dulwich Picture Gallery play sculpture revealed
    www.architectsjournal.co.uk
    INDEXDesign and architecture studio McCloy + Muchemwa has won the London Festival of Architecture (LFA) competition to design a playable sculptural structure at the Dulwich Picture Gallery Its proposal A Gift of Flowers is a collaboration with with HoLD Collective and engineer Cake Industries. The team will receive a build budget of 80,000 to develop and deliver their installation within a new sculpture garden at the gallery.Drawing inspiration from Dutch artist Jan van Huysums Vase with Flowers, the design reimagines the timeless art piece as a vibrant, playful installation that blends sensory exploration, creativity, and sustainability.The completed sculpture will form a key part of Dulwich Picture Gallerys sculpture garden, inviting visitors of all ages to explore, play, and relax amid the beauty of the gallerys historic grounds.AdvertisementThe Reimagining Play at Dulwich Picture Gallery competition invited concepts for a long-term installation that could inspire wonder and playfulness in audiences of all ages creating an inclusive welcome for visitors to the gallery.It is part of wider redevelopment plans by Carmody Groarke and Kim Wilkie, which will create the sculpture garden at the John Soane-designed Grade II*-listed gallery.The project is expected to complete in 2026 and to have a 10-year lifespan. The other finalists were SoUP; Projects Office with Dream Networks and Earth Tenders; Sett; TIP x CRAB; and Eleanor Dodman Architects with YAA Projects and 27 Beginnings.Dulwich Picture Gallery deputy director Chantelle Culshaw said: This unique collaboration brings to life Dulwich Picture Gallery and London Festival of Architectures vision for a fun, interactive and inclusive commission, which will reinvigorate a currently under-used part of our grounds.This iconic sculpture will encourage sensory-led, playful interactions from people of all ages. The team have placed access at the forefront of their design and have carefully considered sustainability using recycled materials, which will allow families to enjoy the sculpture for years to come.AdvertisementLFA director Rosa Rogina said: This imaginative design perfectly captures the essence of play and creativity, transforming Jan van Huysum's timeless artwork into an immersive experience.We are excited about the next phase of the project, which will see the winning team working with local communities and groups on translating their design concept into a piece of public art to inspire joy and wonder for all ages with the beauty of Dulwichs gardens as a backdrop.The Dulwich Picture Gallery first opened in 1817 and is believed to be Englands oldest public gallery. The innovative brick building features a series of interlinked, top-lit rooms which helped redefine standard approaches to gallery design.Rick Mather Architects renovated the building and created a separate caf and exhibition space nearby in 2001. Carmody Groarke won planning permission for a 4.5 million expansion of the gallery last year.The latest project comes five years after Pricegore, working with British-Nigerian artist and designer Yinka Ilori, completed the Colour Palace pavilion at the gallery. The 150,000 temporary project was the focus of an earlier LFA competition series in which the inaugural commission was won by IF_DO in 2017.Commenting on the latest appointment, Ilori said: Id like to warmly congratulate McCloy + Muchemwa, HoLD Collective and Cake Industries on winning this years Reimagining Play competition.Their creation, A Gift of Flowers, immediately captivated me with its striking design, vibrant colours, dynamic composition, and sensorial textures. Ive always been an advocate for accessible art and play too, so loved how this work is interactive and able to be enjoyed by visitors of all ages. Im excited to see it come to life in 2026.Judges for the latest contest included Culshaw; Ilori; Helen Hillyard, curator at Dulwich Picture Gallery; Richard Leeming, councillor at the London Borough of Southwark; Krishan Nathaniel, principal urban designer at Harrow Council; and Binki Taylor, founding partner at the Brixton Project.The six shortlisted teams each received an honorarium of 1,000 to further develop their designs and engage in initial participation workshops with target audiences.Winner: A Gift of Flowers by McCloy + Muchemwa with HoLD Collective and Cake IndustriesDrawing inspiration from Jan van Huysums Vase with Flowers, the winning design reimagines the timeless masterpiece into a vibrant, playful installation that blends sensory exploration, creativity, and sustainability. The sculpture will form a key part of Dulwich Picture Gallerys sculpture garden, inviting visitors of all ages to explore, play, and relax amidst the beauty of the gallerys historic grounds.A Gift of Flowers incorporates bold petal-like forms made from reclaimed steel, painted in vibrant, weatherproof hues. The installation encourages sensory engagement, offering opportunities for climbing, sliding, and resting while fostering connections between art, nature, and community. The project was developed with input from local families through engagement workshops, which will continue as the project progresses. Through developing the design together with families, the team will ensure it resonates with the surrounding community and its users.Shortlisted teamsMcCloy + Muchemwa with HoLD Collective and Cake Industries [WINNER]SoUPProjects Office, Dream Networks and Earth TendersSettTIP x CRABEleanor Dodman Architects, YAA Projects and 27 Beginnings2024-12-05Merlin Fulchercomment and share
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  • Want Your iPhone's Screen Brightness to Stop Changing Automatically? Do This
    www.cnet.com
    Are you annoyed by how your iPhonescreen automatically gets brighter or darker? Your phone can sense the amount of light in your environment and adjust the display brightness, helping to combat eyestrain and make your screen a bit easier to see. But sometimes, auto-brightness is a less-than-useful feature.The problem can be that your display automatically dims down even when you're out in the sun. If you're partially in the shade, your phone might get tricked into automatically dimming your screen, even if it doesn't need to. This can make it difficult to see what's on your screen. If you manually increase the brightness, it'll just go back down again because of auto-brightness. Fixing this issue isn't always as easy as toggling off the necessary settings -- but that's a good place to start.We'll show you two settings you need to disable to help prevent your iPhone from automatically dimming. Be advised, your iPhone might still auto-adjust its brightness even when those two settings are disabled.While you're here, you should also check out everything we know about the iPhone 15, andwhat you need to know about the iOS 17 Beta.First, disable auto-brightnessYes, this may seem a bit obvious, but the first thing you want to do is to make sure that you have automatic brightness disabled in your settings. The feature is pretty self-explanatory -- it automatically adjusts your brightness depending on the light in your environment. If you want to prevent your display from always trying to adjust, you must disable this feature.In the Settings application, go to Accessibility > Display & Text Size and toggle off Auto-Brightness at the bottom of the page. You would think that this setting would exist in Display & Brightness, so it's not uncommon that auto-brightness would be enabled without you knowing since it's tucked away in Accessibility. Auto-brightness is tucked away in the Accessibility settings. Screenshots by Nelson Aguilar/CNETIf your brightness continues to automatically adjust, there's another setting you need to disable.You also need to turn off True ToneIf you have an iPhone SE (2nd gen) and later, the True Tone feature measures the color temperature and brightness in your environment and then adjusts its display to match it. True Tone is useful when you want it -- it not only helps show more accurate colors across various lighting situations, but it's also easier on the eyes, which you need if you're constantly reading on your phone.Again, if you don't care about the feature, don't use it or are simply annoyed that your brightness continues to automatically adjust, you need to disable it. In Settings, go to Display & Brightness and toggle off True Tone under the Brightness header. As long as auto-brightness is also disabled, turning True Tone off should prevent your iPhone from automatically adjusting your brightness. If Auto-Brightness is disabled and your display continues to adjust on its own, this may be the culprit. Screenshot by Nelson Aguilar/CNETOne exception applies.Don't let your iPhone overheatYour iPhone has several ways of protecting its internal components, and that includes automatically dimming your display. Even if you have both auto-brightness and True Tone turned off, if your iPhone is overheating, it will automatically adjust the display intensity.According to Apple, to help prevent this from happening, you should use your iPhone in temperatures between 32 to 95 degrees F (zero and 35 degrees C) and store it in temperatures between 4 and 113 degrees F (between minus 20 and 45 degrees C). If you leave your iPhone in your car or on the sidewalk on a hot day, or even if you try to use it by the pool or beach on a hot day, there's a good chance that it will overheat and cause your display to automatically dim. You'll see a warning message if your phone gets too hot. Jason Cipriani/CNETOverheating doesn't occur only because of a sunny day. A faulty battery can also cause your iPhone to overheat: Go to Settings > Battery > Battery Healthand check if your battery needs to be replaced. Another reason could be buggy software: Go to Settings > General > Software Update and more sure to always be on the latest update to deal with any software bugs and issues.
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  • Marvel Rivals: How to Choose Which Heroes and Roles to Play
    www.cnet.com
    New online shooter Marvel Rivals is launching with an impressive roster of 33 comicbook heroes (and some antiheroes and villains), giving players plenty of options to choose from.Figuring out where to start might be overwhelming for new players. Rivals buckets its heroes into roles, but their names aren't especially helpful -- using "vanguard," "duelist" and "strategist" in place of more familiar terms like tank, damage/DPS and healer/support. And even within those roles, heroes play very differently.If you have a favorite Marvel hero, that's a great place to start. I immediately locked in Doctor Strange the first time I played and had no regrets. If you're more undecided, don't panic. I've played dozens of hours in the closed beta and have thousands of hours in both Overwatch games, which heavily inspired Rivals. I'll walk you through what you need to know about the different Marvel Rivals heroes and roles and give you recommendations for every single one. Black Widow is the best option for FPS players who just want to frag. Marvel/GIF by Adam Benjamin/CNETMarvel Rivals rolesRivals divides its roster into three roles, all of which can deal damage and secure kills, but each has a different focus.You can swap to any unpicked hero in the middle of a match, so you're not limited to playing a single role during the game. However, sticking to one role (and only one or two heroes) is a great way to learn the game by reducing some of the variance and chaos from match to match. If you're struggling with which role to focus on, here are my recommendations. Doctor Strange has the largest shield in the game, which he can use to help his team drive enemies back. Marvel/Screenshot by CNETPlay vanguards if you like being the tip of the spear during fights or you enjoy being able to soak up damage while doling it out.Vanguards are your tank heroes -- characters with large health pools and ways to block or otherwise absorb damage. Sometimes that takes the form of a shield, like the ones Strange and Magneto wield to hold the front line, and sometimes it shows up as temporary overhealth that lets more mobile tanks like Thor and Venom keep fighting in the back line. Good vanguard play is about claiming and controlling space on the map and commanding attention from the enemy team so your teammates have room to make their own plays. Squirrel Girl can rain explosive acorns from a distance and chuck stunning acorns at enemies, making them easier to take out. Marvel/Screenshot by CNETPlay duelists if seeing your name dominate the killfeed gives you a dopamine rush, you just like to point and shoot, or you enjoy playing heroes with complex ability combos.Duelists are your DPS in the game -- characters who can output high damage per second. There are more duelists than any other role in Rivals, even relative to other hero shooters -- the cast is about 55% duelists, compared to Overwatch's roster being about 40% damage heroes.Each hero has a different style of putting out damage: Spider-Man wants to get up close and combo opponents; Hela wants to stay in the backline and click on heads; Iron Man wants to rain down damage from the skies. Good duelist play is about finding opportunities to put pressure on opponents, taking flanks or high ground that let you drive the other team away, eventually sending them back to the spawn room. Here are three Lokis shooting at a fourth (enemy) Loki from different angles. Marvel/Screenshot by CNETPlay strategists if you enjoy keeping other players alive, you like having abilities that do things other than damage or you want to control the battlefield from the back lines.Strategists are your support units -- characters who can heal other heroes and provide additional utility to the battlefield. For example, Loki can use his Regeneration Domain ability to let teammates survive bursts of otherwise lethal damage, and Luna Snow can freeze enemies for a few seconds.And don't underestimate the offensive ability of strategists: Heroes like Adam Warlock and Mantis can be seriously lethal even while keeping their teams alive. Good strategist play is about weaving together healing with damage and other abilities, prioritizing targeting hurt teammates in the best order and knowing when to use your ultimate to deny enemy pushes or turn fights.Who are the best Marvel Rivals characters for beginners?Matches tend to be chaotic, so the best beginner characters in Marvel Rivals generally have simpler kits, giving you less to worry about on the battlefield. My recommended starting points for new players are:Doctor Strange (vanguard)Groot (vanguard)Hela (duelist)Scarlet Witch (duelist)Squirrel Girl (duelist)Adam Warlock (strategist)Luna Snow (strategist)Strange and Groot both have pretty large means of mitigating damage, making it more intuitive for them to lock down a specific part of the map.Hela and Scarlet Witch both have easy-to-learn kits that include escape abilities, which makes them more forgiving than other duelists. Squirrel Girl's primary fire is a slower-moving projectile, but its explosion radius is beginner-friendly, as is her ability to stun enemies with a giant acorn.Adam Warlock and Luna Snow both require decent aim mechanics, but the core gameplay loop for either of them is pretty straightforward, whereas other strategists have more to juggle during fights.Which Marvel Rivals heroes to playCurious about individual heroes? Here are my quick recommendations about why you might be interested in each hero.VanguardsCaptain America: Cap's shield can deflect damage and ultimates, and he's perfect for people who want to dash around, leading their teams until they're up in opponents' faces and pummeling them with melee attacks and shield tosses.Doctor Strange: The Sorcerer Supreme has a slow-but-steady playstyle that will appeal to people who want to establish a sturdy front line and block tons of incoming damage with Strange's shield.Groot: This colossal Guardian excels at locking down areas with walls that either deal damage or grant bonus health, making him a good fit for players who like Fortnite's building elements or who want their Rocket-playing friend to sit on their shoulder.Hulk: Hulk jump in. Hulk punch. Hulk jump out. Hulk make everyone turn around and panic, letting Hulk's team push forward and shoot for free. HULK SMASH. Marvel/GIF by Adam Benjamin/CNETMagneto: The master of magnetism is a good choice for players who want lots of ways to block incoming damage and negate enemy ultimates while still putting out plenty of hurt.Peni Parker: Peni and her SP//dr mech are great if you want to run around the battlefield laying traps that buff you and hinder enemies, making you feel like a spider weaving a web to catch your opponents.Thor: Play the god of thunder if you enjoy the minigame of managing global cooldowns and building Thorforce for future payoffs. (The payoff is punching people in the face with lightning.)Venom: The lethal protector is all about swinging behind the enemy team, attacking them from somewhere unexpected until he's almost dead, gaining a billion overhealth and escaping to do it all again.DuelistsBlack Panther: The king of Wakanda is a good choice for players who want to prowl around the battlefield, marking enemies from an unexpected position before dashing in for a quick kill.Black Widow: Natasha can defend herself in close quarters with stun batons and a kick-plus-grapple combo, but her real value is scoping in and shooting people in the face for massive damage (but not quite enough to kill in one shot) -- a good fit for snipers from first-person shooters. Marvel/GIF by Adam Benjamin/CNETHawkeye: The Avengers' archer is all about his bow, which requires a charge-up time and constant crosshair tracking to reach max damage, but he can one-shot most of the roster, making him a good hero for projectile aim enthusiasts (i.e. Hanzo mains).Hela: If you just want to click heads, the goddess of death should be your go-to option; her primary fire deals instant damage and can devastate the enemy team if you're able to consistently hit headshots.Iron Fist: Lin Lie likes to get up close and personal with enemies before pummeling them to death and parrying damage, and his wall-run and triple-jump abilities will also appeal to anyone with an affinity for platformer games.Iron Man: If you like being a flying arsenal as you soar around the battlefield, you can deploy pulse cannons, missiles and beams from the sky as Tony Stark.Magik: The Soulsword is the heart of Magik's playstyle, giving her overhealth as she damages enemies, making her a good option for people who enjoy brawling in melee combat against other heroes.Moon Knight: The Fist of Konshu has a complicated-but-devastating kit that requires some setup with his ankhs, but once things are in place, he can deal major area-of-effect damage with his ricocheting projectiles -- good for people who like to set up dominos before toppling them. Marvel/GIF by Adam Benjamin/CNETNamor: If you like deployables, you might enjoy the Sub-Mariner's ability to toss out two octopus allies that can stick to walls and auto-target enemies -- or his ultimate, which just chucks a whale at your opponents.Scarlet Witch: Wanda has a forgiving primary fire beam and is a good choice for beginners or anyone looking for less demanding aim requirements or a free-flight escape button ability.Spider-Man: The friendly neighborhood webhead will appeal to anyone who enjoys high mobility and quick bursts of melee combos -- he's faster than Black Panther and Magik, but he has less staying power than they do.Star-Lord: If you enjoy spraying down enemies with bullets, the leader of the Guardians is one of your only options here, and he's a great choice for people who want to zip around the battlefield looking for duels.Storm: This iconic X-Men member will appeal to people who want a little utility with their damage -- she can speed up or damage-boost nearby allies -- or who want to float imperiously over the battlefield.Psylocke: The psyblade-wielding ninja is another powerful flanker whose invisibility and dash abilities will appeal to people who want the hero fantasy of using stealth and positioning to eliminate enemies before they even knew what hit them. Marvel/GIF by Adam Benjamin/CNETPunisher: If you're in the "just shoot things" camp but one gun isn't enough, you might be drawn to Punisher's loadout of assault rifle, shotgun, smoke grenade launcher, zipline launcher, stationary turret and his double-Gatling-guns ultimate ability.Squirrel Girl: Another hero for people who want simple kits with minimal abilities, Squirrel Girl's slingshot will appeal to players who enjoy explosive weapons, and her stun ability will be good for people who like shutting down pesky enemy flankers.Winter Soldier: Bucky's an excellent option for players who want a mix of midrange and melee combat -- his abilities allow you to reel people in and finish them off with a few shots and abilities, but you'll generally need to use his primary to softenup targets first.Wolverine: Look, bub, if you have a bunch of pent-up rage and want to be all up in someone's business, you're gonna like Wolverine's berserker rage passive that boosts his damage and self-healing, and the three different abilities (including his ultimate) he can use to get up close and shred people. Marvel/GIF by Adam Benjamin/CNETStrategistsAdam Warlock: If you like healing but you like shooting even more, Warlock might be your best bet for strategist -- his healing abilities are pretty simple, allowing you to spend most of your time clicking heads while also keeping teammates alive.Cloak & Dagger:Managing two entirely different kits is at the core of of this hero's gameplay -- using Cloak to heal up teammates and Dagger to damage enemies and protect allies -- so check them out if that kind of back-and-forth appeals to you or if you want to wield a wide range of utility. Marvel/GIF by Adam Benjamin/CNETJeff the Land Shark: Most players will pick Jeff the Land Shark because he's a cute li'l land shark named Jeff, but his gameplay is good for people who want to set up areas of safety with his healing bubbles or who want to cruise around the terrain with his Hide and Seek ability.Loki: The god of mischief can set up copies of himself that damage the enemy or heal the ally he's currently targeting, and he can swap places with any of them, making Loki a good fit for people who enjoy the strategy of clever map setups (or anyone who wants to temporarily become copies of other players with Loki's ultimate). Marvel/GIF by Adam Benjamin/CNETLuna Snow: A Marvel newcomer, Luna has a pretty straightforward kit that focuses on shooting enemies and allies alike, which means she's another good choice for people who enjoy aim-based healing.Mantis: My personal vote for most fun strategist, Mantis is a pretty high-damage hero with the ability to damage-boost herself or allies and temporarily put enemies to sleep, making her a good fit for people who want to control the tempo of the game from the backlines.Rocket Raccoon: Groot's BFF is one of the most mobile strategists, with a jet pack and a wall climb ability, and he can deploy a resurrection beacon to bring back the next enemy that dies -- he's a good option for players who want to scurry around and weave between damaging shots and bouncy healing orbs.And that's all 33 heroes. My biggest advice is to experiment until you find something that feels fun and manageable.For more on Marvel Rivals, check out my guide to getting started and my early hands-on with Bucky and Cap.
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  • Whats at Stake in Supreme Court Case on Transgender Health Care
    www.scientificamerican.com
    December 5, 20245 min readSupreme Court to Decide Landmark Transgender Health Care Case. Heres Whats at StakeIn United States v. Skrmetti, the Supreme Court is considering whether a law banning gender-affirming care for transgender youth is discriminatory under the ConstitutionBy Allison ParshallPeople rally outside of the the U.S. Supreme Court on December 04, 2024 as the justices hear arguments in United States v. Skrmetti, a case on transgender health rights Kevin Dietsch/Getty ImagesThis week the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral arguments in United States v. Skrmetti, a case that challenges Tennessees ban on gender-affirming care for minors. The justices are considering whether these bans discriminate on the basis of sex under the Constitutions Equal Protection Clause.The Court appears poised to uphold the Tennessee law, SB1, which was enacted in July 2023 and prohibits all medical care intended to allow someone under 18 years old to identify with, or live as, a purported identity inconsistent with the minors sex assigned at birth, citing the states interest in encouraging minors to appreciate their sex.Whats at stake is whether the Court is going to consider transgender people to merit some of the protections of the Equal Protection Clause or whether states are allowed to discriminate against transgender people. And thats a big question, says Elana Redfield, an LGBTQ+ policy expert at the Williams Institute, part of the University of California, Los Angeles.On supporting science journalismIf you're enjoying this article, consider supporting our award-winning journalism by subscribing. By purchasing a subscription you are helping to ensure the future of impactful stories about the discoveries and ideas shaping our world today.The Tennessee law, which mirrors similar recent bans in 24 other states, prevents transgender youth from receiving treatments proven to relieve the symptoms of gender dysphoria (psychological distress that results from an incongruence between someones sex assigned at birth and their gender identity). These treatments include puberty-blocking drugs and hormone therapiesmedications also used by nontransgender adolescents and children to treat a variety of conditions. Their use to treat gender dysphoria is supported by the American Medical Association, the American Association of Pediatrics, the American Psychological Association and other important medical institutions.A number of studies have shown that adolescents who receive gender-affirming care have better mental health outcomesincluding a lower rate of suicidal ideationthan those who wanted treatment but couldnt get it. And care bans have increased suicide rates among transgender young people in affected states, recent research has shown. Like any medication, the treatments can have risks, which is true when they are prescribed for nontransgender people as well. Parents and physicians weigh these risks against those of not receiving the care. Critics of gender-affirming care for minors often cite concerns that adolescents will later regret the treatment, but regret rates are relatively low.While the Tennessee law prohibits these treatments when they are used for the purpose of transitioning, nontransgender youth continue to have access to them. In Supreme Court oral arguments on Wednesday U.S. Solicitor General Elizabeth Prelogar argued that this constitutes sex discriminationbecause the law uses birth-assigned sex to determine what medications someone legally has access to. For example, an adolescent would be able to access testosterone if they were assigned male at birth but not if they were assigned female.SB1 leaves the same medications and many others entirely unrestricted when used for any other purpose [outside of gender-affirming care], even when those uses present similar risks, Prelogar said during her opening statement. The federal government is arguing that the laws sex-based classification should trigger a heightened level of judicial scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution. If the Supreme Court agrees, it can send the case back to the lower courts. There Tennessee officials would have to demonstrate that the law serves an important government interest. At this stage, the lower courts could weigh the evidence supporting gender-affirming care in evaluating the impacts of a total ban.Before the Courts nine justices, Tennessee Solicitor General Matthew Rice argued that the law does not discriminate on the basis of sex because it prevents both those assigned male and female at birth from transitioning. This reasoning could also be applied to laws that prevent or restrict adults from receiving gender-affirming care, such as Floridas SB 254. A decision is not expected until next spring, but at least five members of the Supreme Courts conservative supermajority are widely seen as likely to side with Tennessee.If the Court upholds this ban, it will potentially validate all the 24 states that have bans on gender-affirming care for minors, Redfield says. The decision, she adds, may impact current and future legal challenges to other antitrans legislationsuch as bans on adult gender-affirming care or bathroom and sports bans based on gender identity.The stakes of these challenges will continue to grow as President-elect Donald Trump returns to the White House in January. This election cycle, Republicans spent an estimated $215 million in network TV advertisements attacking and denigrating transgender people, who make up less than 1 percent of the U.S. population.On Day One, I will sign an executive order instructing every federal agency to cease the promotion of sex or gender transition at any age, Trump said at an event hosted by the anti-LGBTQ+ group Moms for Liberty in June 2023. He has also said that he would revoke the federal funding of any hospital or health care provider that provides gender-affirming care to minors.This possibility is very worrying for Daphna Stroumsa, an ob-gyn at University of Michigan Health, who specializes in gender-affirming care. Being prevented from providing patients with the best care is heartbreaking. It feels ethically and morally wrong, Stroumsa says. The effects of not being able to offer this care on the individual can be devastating.Susan Lacy, one of the plaintiffs in the case against Tennessees ban and an ob-gyn based in Memphis, expressed similar distress in a declaration in the initial lawsuit. Being prohibited from treating my patients in accordance with existing evidence and clinical guidelines is an awful scenario that no medical provider should be forced to face, she wrote.Nearly 40 percent of transgender young people between the ages of 13 and 17 now live in states where laws have banned gender-affirming care. Members of the three families that challenged Tennessees ban in this case, which originated in a Tennessee district court, have described how devastating a prohibition would be for their life and livelihood. In all three families, the parents described how their children experienced debilitating mental and physical symptoms of gender dysphoria that caused them to withdraw from the world. One child began getting repeated urinary tract infections because she was uncomfortable using the bathroom at school, her parents said. Another, referred to as Ryan Roe, threw up almost every morning before school and stopped talking almost entirely.I was scared and didnt want to move too fast with medical treatment, Roes mother wrote in a declaration. But I also worried, that in my fear, I had moved too slowly for what my child needed. As I watched my son suffer and decline, I realized we couldnt wait anymore. The family consulted a doctor about gender-affirming care, and Roe eventually started taking testosterone. He subsequently transformed back into the vocal, outgoing child that we saw before puberty, his mother said.Nobody makes this choice overnight, Stroumsa says. These are dedicated parents and dedicated physicians who have a very long process ... before any decisions are made.All three families are considering traveling out of state regularly for treatmentan expensive effort that requires parents to take days off of work and children to miss school. And clinics in states without bans already have limited capacity. Were in the state of Michigan, which is within travel distance for multiple states with bans, Stroumsa says. Weve seen a rise in patients coming from out of state, and were already booking several months out for consultations.But for all three families, going back to the way things used to be is not an option.This might seem like a small issue to others but it affects my whole world, wrote John Doe, an adolescent transgender boy, in a declaration submitted to the district court. Ive gone through a lot to finally get to the happy, healthy place where I am and I desperately hope that doesnt all get taken away from me.
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  • Bird Flu Virus Is One Mutation Away from Adapting to Human Cells
    www.scientificamerican.com
    December 5, 20245 min readBird Flu Virus Is One Mutation Away from Binding More Efficiently to Human CellsA new study finds tweaking part of the H5N1 virus infecting dairy cows in a single spot could allow it to better attach to human cell receptors, raising concerns it could transmit more easily between peopleBy Lauren J. YoungA human cell infected with the avian influenza virus H5N1 (blue filaments). Steve Gschmeissner/Science SourceScientists have discovered that H5N1, the strain of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus currently spreading in U.S. dairy cows, only needs a single mutation to readily latch on to human cells found in the upper airway. The findings, published today in Science, illustrate a potential one-step path for the virus to become more effective at human transmissionand could have major implications for a new pandemic if such a mutation were to become widespread in nature.Avian influenza viruses are dotted with surface proteins that allow them to bind to bird cell receptors, which permit the virus to enter the cells. The cell receptors in birds are different from those in humans, but that variation is very subtle, says James Paulson, a study co-author and a biochemist at Scripps Research. For a new pandemic H5N1 virus, we know that it has to switch receptor specificity from avian-type to human-type. So what will it take? To his and his co-authors surprise, that switch only needed one genetic alteration.The particular group, or clade, of H5N1 responsible for the current outbreak was first detected in North America in 2021 and has affected a wide range of animal populations, including wild birds, bears, foxes, a variety of marine mammals and, most recently, dairy cows. Since outbreaks of H5N1 in U.S. dairy herds began this spring, human cases have been mostly linked to sick poultry or cows, and the majority of human infections have been mild ones among farmworkers at high risk of exposure (with some notable exceptions). There havent been any signs of transmission between peopleand the viruss receptor binding preference is a key barrier to that.On supporting science journalismIf you're enjoying this article, consider supporting our award-winning journalism by subscribing. By purchasing a subscription you are helping to ensure the future of impactful stories about the discoveries and ideas shaping our world today.Its obviously speculative, but the better the virus becomes at likely binding to human receptorsits not great because its going to probably lead to human-to-human transmission, says Jenna Guthmiller, an immunologist at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, who was not involved in the new research.The study authors focused on altering one of H5N1s surface proteins, hemagglutinin, which contains the binding site that allows the virus to latch onto host cell receptors and kick-start infection. The researchers generated viral proteins from genetic sequences of the virus isolated from the first human case in Texas, which occurred in a person who developed bird flu after exposure to an infected cow. No live virus was used in the experiment. Then the scientists engineered an assortment of different mutations into hemagglutinins chain of amino acids, or protein building blocks. A single mutation that swapped the 226th amino acid in the sequence for another allowed H5N1 to switch its binding affinity from receptors on bird cells to receptors on human cells in the upper respiratory tract.Past research has shown that several influenza mutations, including the ones tested in the new paper, are important in human receptor binding, Guthmiller says. These genetic tweaks have been flagged in previous influenza virus subtypes that have caused human pandemics, such as those in 1918 and 2009. But past viruses typically required at least two mutations to successfully change their preference to human receptors, explains co-author Ian Wilson, a structural and computational biologist at Scripps. This was surprising. It was just this single mutation [that] was sufficient to switch the receptor specificity, he says.Paulson adds that the particular mutation the scientists tested in the new study had previously been investigated during H5N1 outbreaks in poultry and some humans in 2010, but it didnt affect the viruss human receptor binding. But the virus has subtly changed, Paulson says. Now that mutation does cause the change.Wilson and Paulson note the mutated H5N1 protein in their study bound weakly to human receptors but more strongly than the 2009 H1N1 virus, which caused the swine flu human pandemic. The initial infection is what were concerned about to initiate a pandemic, and we believe that the weak binding that we see with this single mutation is at least equivalent to a known human pandemic virus, Paulson says. The study did identify a second mutation in another area of hemagglutinin, the amino acid at position 224, that could further enhance the viruss binding ability in combination with the 226 mutation.Guthmiller isnt surprised about the findings, given the 226 mutations known significance in flu receptor preference, but adds, Its never great when you see that it only really takes one mutation. The study also sort of provides us an idea of what we should be looking for and what sites of the hemagglutinin protein we should be focusing on to understand its potential to change and infect us better.A teenager in Canada was recently hospitalized in critical condition from bird flu with an unknown exposure. Genetic sequencing, which showed a strain of H5N1 that was similar to one circulating in Canadian poultry, detected mutations in two positions, one of which was at 226the same position studied in the new paper. Scientists dont know if either mutation was responsible for the teenagers severe condition, but some expressed concern that the changes could be a sign of the virus potentially adapting to human cells.Paulson says its too early to draw conclusions or parallels between the teenagers case and the study findings. The amino acids the researchers tweaked in the study were not the same as those in the Canadian cases viral sequence, for instance, he says. Theres a lot of chatter that, oh, my gosh, that amino acid is mutating, but theres no evidence yet that that would actually give us the specificity that would be required for human transmission, Paulson says. But he adds that the case is still significant.Most bird flu cases in humans reported this year have been mild. In past outbreaks, H5N1 has caused severe respiratory disease because of its preference to bind to cells in the lower respiratory tract, Guthmiller explains. "Youre basically causing a viral pneumonia, she says. But if you increase binding to human receptors that are in the upper respiratory tract, as this study did, thats more likely going to look more like your common coldlike symptoms. That said, viruses that prefer the upper respiratory tract, including the nose and throat, are more likely to spread through coughing and sneezing, she says. That could lead to more spread through human contact.Better receptor binding doesnt necessarily cause disease on its own. Several other factors are important, such as the viruss ability to replicate and proliferate in the body. But attaching to cells is an initial step, Paulson says. The magic that we hope doesnt happen is that all of those things come together so that we have that first [human-to-human] transmission and that becomes a pandemic virus, he says.
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  • Former Dragon Age boss Mike Laidlaw's action-RPG Eternal Strands gets early 2025 release date
    www.eurogamer.net
    Former Dragon Age boss Mike Laidlaw's action-RPG Eternal Strands gets early 2025 release dateOn PS5, Series X/S, PC, and Game Pass.Image credit: Yellow Brick Games News by Matt Wales News Reporter Published on Dec. 6, 2024 Eternal Strands, the fantasy action-RPG from former Dragon Age creative director Mike Laidlaw's Yellow Brick Games studio, has a release date - it's coming to Xbox Series X/S, PlayStation 5, PC, and Game Pass on 28th January next year.Eternal Strands follows the adventures of Brynn - a member of a dwindling group of magic users known as the Weavers - who sets out across a fantasy kingdom ravaged by a cataclysmic magical event to uncover its mysteries and recover her people's cultural home.In gameplay terms, all this takes the form of an action-RPG inspired by the likes of The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild and Shadow of the Colossus, with a bit of Monster Hunter thrown in. The latter two games can be seen in the bosses roaming Eternal Strands' "open zone" world - 25-meter-high climbable creatures known as the Arks - and the way defeating them provides resources used to create new weapons and armour back at a base camp. Eternal Strands story trailer.Watch on YouTubeAs for the Zelda influences, they come in the interplay between Brynn's magical abilities and the environment. Powers are built around flame, ice, and telekinetic force, all of which can be further enhanced in conjunction with the shifting temperatures caused by the world's unstable climate. "Heat spreads, cold chills, and real-time destruction allows for unprecedented reactivity in combat," explains the blurb over on Steam. "Create [ice] bridges, burn barriers, or launch Brynn across the world. The next-generation physics system encourages and rewards player creativity in exploration as much as combat." Oh, and every surface is climbable too.When Eternal Strands arrives on 28th January next year, it'll be available for Xbox Series X/S, PlayStation 5, and PC via Steam and the Epic Games Store. It's also confirmed to be a day one Game Pass release for Ultimate and PC Game Pass subscribers. Additionally, as per an FAQ on Steam, free post-launch content is planned, and a demo's also on the way. Yellow Brick Games says more details on the latter will be shared at a "later date".
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  • Indiana Jones and the Great Circle review - the best Indy's been since The Last Crusade
    www.eurogamer.net
    Smart, fun and so very Indiana Jones, The Great Circle is a stealth action tour de force that marks a bold new era for MachineGames.The legacy of Indiana Jones has been on rather shaky ground lately. His last two films didn't quite hit the mark, and it's been even longer since a game has managed to do him justice either. It's a feeling that developer MachineGames seems acutely aware of, too, in the opening stretch of Indiana Jones and the Great Circle. If there was ever a need to prove the studio fully understands what makes Indy great and what he's about, then letting us play a word for word, and almost shot for shot recreation of the iconic prologue from Raiders of the Lost Ark certainly isn't the worst way to go about it.Indiana Jones and the Great Circle reviewDeveloper: MachineGamesPublisher: Bethesda SoftworksPlatform: Played on PCAvailability: Out on 9th December on PC (Steam), Xbox Series X/S and Game PassCynically, one might suggest it's the kind of painstaking homage that actually ends up casting an initial shadow of doubt over the whole endeavour - that the subsequent romp around equatorial sites that make up the titular circle is all going to be a bit by the numbers, and a plain and obvious yank on the old nostalgia goggles. But those cynics would also be dead wrong, as once those Raider training wheels come off, it's immediately clear this is no mere rehash of an old museum piece. The Great Circle is wholly its own kind of Indiana Jones adventure - a rip-roaring, globetrotting tour de force that marries The Last Crusade's eye for fun, wit and slapstick humour with smart, player-driven investigations that really put you, as Indy, in the driving seat of this worldwide mystery. Better yet, it's so much more than just another reheated attempt at a new kind of Tomb Raider or Uncharted yarn. At every red dot on Indy's journey, The Great Circle is never quite what you think it's going to be, and it's all the more thrilling for it.Watch on YouTubeHands up time. I was as sceptical as anyone when The Great Circle was first announced. I mean, The Great Circle? Is that eyeroll of a subtitle really the best we can do here? It doesn't exactly get the blood pumping, does it? Look past the words on the box, however, and this is right up there with the best that Indiana Jones has ever been on either the small or silver screen. Set between Raiders and The Last Crusade, the Nazis are once again up to no good in their pursuit of occult tactics to get the jump on World War 2, but the purpose and power of the treasures they're after is kept tantalisingly at bay as Indy picks up their trail. It's a journey that's perfectly paced to keep you on tenterhooks throughout, its story missions and sizable 'Field Work' sidequests dovetailing brilliantly to fill in the gaps as you travel from the Vatican all the way across Asia and back again. Costumes play a vital role in how easily Indy is able to move through restricted areas. | Image credit: Eurogamer/Bethesda SoftworksThe finer points of the story are best discovered for yourself, but the important takeaway here is that MachineGames well and truly sticks the landing with this one, offering up a gripping and memorable global conspiracy plot that's buoyed by an excellent cast of supporting characters. This is a studio that's always known how to do eminently punchable villains, and Marios Gavrilis' performance as Nazi investigator in chief Emmerich Voss is no exception. He's a real bruiser of man, his thick-set neck, permanently gritted teeth and wicked scowl making him a palpable intellectual threat from the off. He alone does a splendid job of carrying you through the main story, but it's Indy's companions where MachineGames has really stepped things up a notch.Alessandra Mastronardi's turn as Indy's wily reporter companion Gina, for example, is an instant favourite, and an infinitely better hang than the wave of bland nobodies BJ Blazkowicz was forced to hang out with across multiple Wolfenstein games. But even tiny bit parts bring an unforgettable flavour to Indy's various base camps, with Enrico Colantoni's vinyl-loving Vatican priest, Necar Zadegan's wealthy benefactress, and the late Tony Todd's imposing gentle giant being particular standouts. I also love just how many native languages we get to hear in this game, too, both from Indy himself as an unsurprising polyglot, and the wider cast. It's a truly remarkable feat of localisation all round, and it brings a welcome texture and cultural nuance to each and every setting. Image credit: Eurogamer/Bethesda SoftworksThe locations themselves are marvellous spaces to explore, too. The tall, imposing towers of the Vatican, sizzling dunes of Gizeh and the tropical waterways of Sukhothai act as the main trinity of tentpole investigation areas, but they're also supplemented by a handful of smaller, more linear setpiece environments that are just as dazzling and bonkers in their conception and execution as their larger counterparts. It's the big three where you'll be spending most of your time, though, as these discrete but dense environments have a surprising amount of depth to them. These aren't just templated, copy-paste pockets of familiar stage furniture either, as while there's a little bit of connective tissue between them all, they remain a far cry from the more common Ubisoft standard used to populate such wide, open sandboxes.The Vatican remains perhaps the most impressive of the lot, as the puzzle-box-like nature of its warren of hallways, scaffolded courtyards and secret over and underground passages makes it innately more enticing to peel back and nose around in than the emptier stretches of sand and swamp filling in the gaps elsewhere. To MachineGames' credit, there's still plenty to discover in those seemingly vacant patches of land, whether that's a little combination lock puzzle gleaned from just a handful of notes and documents in an abandoned tent, for example, taking a picture of a snoozing cat with Indy's camera, or simply doing a good deed for a stranger you happened to find locked in a barn. Crucially, though, it sidesteps that dreaded Bethesda-style bloat by sensibly prioritising what's actually important. Every large setpiece puzzle has a wonderful tactility to them, and they're all very much in keeping with the spirit of the films. | Image credit: Eurogamer/Bethesda SoftworksThe Great Circle's biggest and most substantial sidequests are designated as 'Field Work' tasks, for example. These are essentially miniature story missions that take you to farther flung corners of the map, but feel just as bespoke as the main story missions. Collectible-focused objectives, meanwhile, such as seeking out rare medicine bottles for the local doctors to trade for collectible skill books (many more of which can also be found in camps and other points of interest out in the world), are classed as 'Discoveries'. Smaller, one-off puzzles, on the other hand, are known as 'Mysteries'.Everything else, though, doesn't even get a mention. Unlike Skyrim and Starfield where the simple act of walking down a street will invariably load you up with 10 more sidequests to go and toil away under, throwaway tasks like helping that bloke in the barn is never something that's made your explicit responsibility to sort out in The Great Circle. They're not catalogued anywhere, nor are they especially important. Your reward for everything in this game is simply a growing bank of Adventure Points, which in turn are only useful for unlocking new abilities gleaned from the comic books you yourself have go out and find. You're rarely short of points to spend, and the result is absolutely blissful. The world can feel alive and rich with people's problems, but you as the player don't have to stake any claim in putting them to rights. Instead, these take-it-or-leave-it moments are given permission to be nothing more than instances of playful discovery, and I cannot tell you how refreshing that is to see in a big, lavish blockbuster like this. Tiny dialogue lines like the above will occasionally catch your eye, and often involve little more than giving NPCs an item of food, a photograph or finding a key for a locked door. They're completely throwaway, but they're all the more enjoyable for it. | Image credit: Eurogamer/Bethesda SoftworksThe Great Circle's approach to puzzle-solving is equally exhilarating, both in terms of their pure, pulpy spectacle and how you navigate them. Its hands-off approach puts real trust in the player to figure things out intuitively based on the evidence in front of them, and lessons have clearly been learned from the overly chatty companions of God of War and Uncharted. It's empowering to be presented with little more than a room full of objects and discerning, through sight and sound alone, how they're meant to be arranged and configured to crack open their secrets. Occasionally you'll get the odd line of a dead language etched into ancient stone to give you a teeny bit of a steer, but other times you'll glimpse a note inside a seemingly inaccessible chamber and just be left to your own devices to work out how to get in there. The solutions are never particularly complicated, but the game's refusal to give into the same kind of heavy-handed prompts that have become so commonplace in the AAA space these days (at least on its 'Moderate' puzzle difficulty) makes you feel like a proper genius when the penny finally drops. And critically, it's the kind of genius we all know Indiana Jones possesses in abundance.That emphasis on successfully reading your environment extends to Indy's more general traversal techniques as well. The Great Circle's platforming is surprisingly robust, with stomach-lurching jumps complemented by breezily executed grapple swings of Indy's whip - and sometimes both at once. Indy's whip can also be used abseil up steeper cliff faces and ease him down into ominous chasms, though only at designated points. It's not quite Stray levels of subtlety, but I'll take its sparing use of lightly sun-bleached walls over honking strips of yellow paint any day. Even when disguised, you can't just hover up important items without consequence - you'll need to do it out of sight so they don't come after you for stealing. | Image credit: Eurogamer/Bethesda SoftworksIt's important those routes aren't too obvious after all, as part of the joy of The Great Circle is discovering the many possible ways into a single location. Again, it's no Deus Ex, but it's still absolutely the kind of design that will make immersive sim heads punch the air with a joyous, mournful smile. And when you do find a new way through, there's a similarly pleasing tactility to the way handles, locks and chests must also be pushed, turned and rotated with intentional nudges of your analogue stick. You know Indy's the kind of guy who'd appreciate a well-crafted mechanism, and it's great to see this reflected in how you're able to luxuriate in little details like this. Surfaces where Indy can climb, vault over and abseil are still marked up to help you parse its lush environments, but these visual highlights are still reasonably subtle throughout. | Image credit: Eurogamer/Bethesda SoftworksIt's certainly quite the step change in sensibility for MachineGames, a studio who, let's not forget, has up until now made its name on the altogether more aggressive exploits of its Quake and Wolfenstein shooters. But it's equally clear this studio has so much more to offer - and to see it take to an altogether different kind of combat so skilfully feels transformative. Indeed, reaching for any kind of gun in The Great Circle always feels like it should be an absolute last resort. Not because the guns don't feel good to fire - they absolutely do. And it's not because they're so damn noisy that they'll instantly alert entire camps of fascists and Nazi soldiers to your location - though that is certainly a factor. It's more a question of why would you want to shoot your way through these dense and sprawling locations when there are so many other, better options available almost everywhere you look?I'm thinking of the abandoned guitars, violins and metal bells you occasionally see lying around its security outposts, which twang, clang and wail with pleasing dissonance as you clobber foes over the head with them. Or the rakes, spades and lead pipes which Indy can thread through unsuspecting legs from behind and alternately whack them in the ghoulies or trip them up, before delivering another lights-out slug to the forehead in one, joyously violent takedown. Personally, my eyes would always light up whenever I clocked a spatula, dustpan or egg-encrusted grill pan. Sure, they break a lot more easily than the larger, sturdier pickaxes and hammers lying about, but the comedy value of using such daft instruments of destruction to dispatch ever-greater numbers of tightly scrutinised patrol guards is hard to beat. My guitar gently weeps with tears of joy. | Image credit: Eurogamer/Bethesda SoftworksThere is, dare I say it, a slight Breath of the Wild-ness to it all - though if you're bristling at the thought of tedious degradation management, you can rest easy. Yes, almost everything will break in The Great Circle. Even the guns, which once out of ammo can be flipped upside down to use as makeshift baseball bats. Or before. It's really your choice. The point is, there are so many of these improvised weapons to choose from at any given moment that you're rarely without something to put in your hands, whether you're skulking the halls of the Vatican, or sniffing out secrets in a forgotten temple in Nazi dig site in Gizeh. It's very generous in that sense, and it really sells the idea of Indy using his wits to turn whatever's in front of him to his advantage. Besides, when you keep seeing his actual hands reaching tentatively towards any interactable object within grasping distance, you can't help but feel the cogs of mischief begin to turn inside your head. Yes, I will take that grimy salad spoon to knock out that soldier. Because why the heck not? Adventure Books (left) can be found to unlock new skills, but they're designed to look and feel wonderfully diegetic - just like its physical maps (right), which must be held and pored over to find your way. | Image credit: Eurogamer/Bethesda SoftworksWhen viewed in this light, everything has such tantalising potential, and the sheer abundance of these objects doesn't diminish the game's overall challenge, either. This is a stealth game first and foremost, but not the kind where you can send out Assassin's Creed-style pulses to easily tag and mark up unseen enemies to fill in the gaps of your awareness. Indy doesn't have the tech for that kind of nonsense. Rather, it's clear The Great Circle has been a much more diligent student of the Hitman: World of Assassination school of sneakiness, putting the ball firmly in the player's court to make sure they're not spotted when scampering around restricted areas, or to leave any telltale bodies lying about in full view of their mates (and also which don't automatically sink into the ground as soon as they touch a tall patch of grass either, while we're at it). It's a wonderfully nerve-wracking riff on IO Interactive's seminal social stealth work, and it makes the player a much more active participant in the drama and danger of being somewhere they shouldn't.If all that wasn't enough, there's even a bit of creative costume work to indulge in, with Indy able to don disguises to move through certain areas more easily. Brilliantly, though, Indy can't just strip the clothes of any old person's back in a surreptitious alley. Instead, there's a fixed number of costumes that are either found or given to you in set locations, and some of them are very well hidden, accessible only by completing sidequests that yield special keys as part of your reward. Seeking them out is well worth the effort, though - if only because they're a godsend when it comes to mopping up sidequests, puzzles and other copious collectibles later on. Despite this being a mostly linear adventure, you can thankfully revisit earlier areas whenever you please to mop up anything you've missed. But even with the right disguise, that won't stop wary captains and other authority figures raising the alarm regardless, as just like Hitman, there are always certain foes who will see through your tricks if you don't give them a wide enough berth. Villain of the year goes to... | Image credit: Eurogamer/Bethesda SoftworksIndiana Jones and the Great Circle accessibility optionsMultiple difficulty levels for action and puzzle intensity. UI font size and colour preset options. Field of view settings. On/off toggles for motion blur, camera stabilization, screen shake. Subtitles, closed captions and subtitle font size options. Colourblind filter modes and sliders to adjust filter brightness, contrast, intensity and strength. High contrast mode available, and settings to adjust effect strength and colours. Rebindable key and controller settings. Look and aim sensitivity and assistance options. Numerous control toggles. Controller vibration settings. Numerous dedicated volume sliders.Unlike Agent 47, though, Indy has a few more options to get out of sticky situations if caught. On the rare occasion there isn't some everyday object to seize upon, Indy's fists make for a muscular alternative. There's a frenzied and slightly madcap energy to The Great Circle's hand-to-hand combat, with shoves, dodges and the odd whip crack all essential in helping you to manage a crowd. But as its various brutes jostle to take you on, you can feel all those years of MachineGames' powerful gun-craft come through with every punch, the sound, speed and wallop of it all feeling like the blast of a shotgun. Instead of discovery feeling like a failure, its meaty melee lets each encounter rally to a more positive end point, infusing them with a muck-in and give-it-a-go-anyway kind of attitude - though not to the extent that it turns Indy into a superhuman boxing champ. Enemy fists will also tear through you like a shotgun, too, if you draw too much heat at once, and it's often better to simply leg it and wait for things to die down again rather than sticking it out to the bitter end.Taken altogether, Indiana Jones really feels like he comes full circle (sorry) in this latest adventure. At long last, there's an Indy game that nails both the puzzles and the kind of action we know so well from the films, and it does so with wit, charm and a real eye for spectacle. There are moments here that feel so inherently Indy that you almost can't believe they haven't been lifted straight from the cinema screen itself, and everywhere you look is a constant surprise and delight. I'd be hard-pressed to name a more entertaining game I've played this year, or one that so willingly hands the reins to the player and says, 'Off you pop. Go and have some fun for the next 25 hours'. For those left disappointed by The Crystal Skull and Dial of Destiny, this is Indy as you remember him. And for those yet to discover why everyone keeps banging on about this beige man with a hat and a whip, well, what a smashing introduction this will be. The next Tomb Raider and Uncharted games certainly have their work cut out for them after this, as will whatever MachineGames ends up tackling next. But one thing is certain. Indy's legacy feels well and truly restored with The Great Circle, and that's the kind of mileage we can all enjoy for years to come.A copy of Indiana Jones and the Great Circle was provided for review by publisher Bethesda Softworks.
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  • Destiny 2 leak uncovers quest littered with legendary endgame loot
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    You can trust VideoGamer. Our team of gaming experts spend hours testing and reviewing the latest games, to ensure you're reading the most comprehensive guide possible. Rest assured, all imagery and advice is unique and original. Check out how we test and review games hereBungies looter shooter Destiny 2 is hiding an epic endgame quest that may release in a future update. Discovered by dataminers, a new quest for the long-running MMO will hopefully soon release the quest to treat dedicated players. Alongside a new OP buff that wont be patched for weeks, players have a lot to look forward to. Destiny 2 Past is PrologueAdded early to the Destiny 2 API, and therefore posted on Light.gg, the new endgame quest is dubbed Past is Prologue. Diving once again into Bungies history of cyclical storytellingMarathon, Halo, etcthis quest will see the players Guardian teaming up with both Eris Morn and the Drifter.The new quest will see players completing various tasks which will then earn them Bento Tokens. These new tokenswhich look like Bento Boxescan then be exchanged for a series of rewards, all of which have been handily added to the games API.The new quest allows any player to nab the Adept variant of both the Igneous Hammer and the Cataphract GL3 for just a single Bento Token each. The Artifice Hinterland, Artifice Ossuary and Artifice Biosphere armour sets can also be nabbed for two Bento Tokens per armour piece as well.You can see the entire list of Bento Token rewards below:Artifice Hinterland set; two Bento Tokens per pieceArtifice Ossuary set; two Bento Tokens per pieceArtifice Biosphere set; two Bento Tokens per pieceAscendent Alloy; one Bento TokenAscendent Shard;one Bento TokenExotic Cipher; one Bento TokenSpoils of Conquest; one Bento TokenCloudstrike; one Bento TokenCataphract GL3 (Adept); one Bento TokenIgneous Hammer (Adept); one Bento TokenThe Hothead (Adept); one Bento TokenHorrors Least (Adept); one Bento TokenGambit Memento; one Bento TokenNightfall Memento; one Bento TokenIron Banner Memento; one Bento TokenLot Memento; one Bento TokenDawning Memento; one Bento TokenGames Memento; one Bento TokenSolstice Memento; one Bento TokenWith no sign of a Destiny 3 on the horizon, Bungie is still dedicated to the continuation of its sequel, as well as its upcoming extraction shooter Marathon. Following massive layoffs at the studio and the release of The Final Shape, excitement has died down a tad, but the game is still chugging along.Destiny 2Platform(s):Google Stadia, PC, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Web, Xbox One, Xbox Series S/XGenre(s):Action, Adventure, First Person, Massively Multiplayer, Shooter8VideoGamerSubscribe to our newsletters!By subscribing, you agree to our Privacy Policy and may receive occasional deal communications; you can unsubscribe anytime.Share
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  • The First Descendant servers down for hours of emergency maintenance due to major instability
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    You can trust VideoGamer. Our team of gaming experts spend hours testing and reviewing the latest games, to ensure you're reading the most comprehensive guide possible. Rest assured, all imagery and advice is unique and original. Check out how we test and review games hereNexons free-to-play looter shooter The First Descendant is currently down for maintenance following the release of the games 1.2.0 update. With Season 2 now available, fans are upset at the games long maintenance period.The First Descendant servers hit huge maintenanceAnnounced on the official The First Descendant Twitter account, Nexons looter shooter was original set for an hour-long maintenance period to fix instability relating to the update. However, the game studio revealed in a follow-up message to fans that the server downtime would be hours longer than expected.Due to server instability, we are having emergency server maintenance. Details will be shared once the maintenance is complete, the developer revealed on Twitter.At the time of writing, the development team has identified the cause of the issue and is hoping to bring the game back to players in the next few hours. However, there is a possibility that the game could remain offline slightly longer.We have identified the cause and are currently working on a fix, which is expected to take approximately 12 hours, the team said to fans. We will provide further updates as soon as the process is finalized. We apologize for the inconvenience this may cause.As a free-to-play live-service game, fans are unhappy with the server downtime, especially considering its occurrence directly after the release of a new update. While the vast majority of the games players have appreciated the direct response from its developers, others have remained upset due to the titles downtime coinciding with their free time.As with any live-service multiplayer game, server downtime is expected, especially around the time of a brand-new update. With the 1.2.0 update bringing in the brand-new Void Chaser Season 2 episode prior to some large character overhauls in January, its entirely unsurprising that the team would run into issues.The First Descendant is available right now as a free-to-play game on Xbox, PlayStation and PC.The First DescendantPlatform(s):PC, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series S, Xbox Series XGenre(s):Action, Adventure, RPG5VideoGamerSubscribe to our newsletters!By subscribing, you agree to our Privacy Policy and may receive occasional deal communications; you can unsubscribe anytime.Share
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