0 Comments
0 Shares
131 Views
Directory
Directory
-
Please log in to like, share and comment!
-
WWW.POPSCI.COMResearchers glued teeny-tiny QR codes to 30,000 beesResearchers attached QR codes to the backs of thousands of bees to track when and for how long they left their hives. Credit: Penn StateShareEntomologists are gluing tiny QR codes on honey bees to better track the pollinators travel habits and life cycles. In doing so, they hope to gain a more complete and accurate understanding of the environmentally crucial creatures, and what is needed to keep hives healthy and thriving. And now that their findings and methods are available in the open-source journal, HardwareX, the team hopes other conservationists can soon start on their own QR code-enabled insect observations.Back in 2010, the US Department of Agriculture proposed new requirements for designating bee products like honey as organic. In order to meet the regulatory benchmark, food and other items must be free of chemical treatments, herbicides, and pesticides. Not only that, but the environments around the source of these products must be similarly clean, as well. Honey bees are technically capable of flying as far as 10 km (6.1 mi), which factored heavily into the logistical needs for organic certification.While the USDA proposal ultimately failed, some researchers believed the 10 km zone may be an overestimation. But trying to get a better read on honey bee travel habits isnt easyoften, it involves studying their famous waggle dance. The term refers to a bees complex movements to physically communicate with their hivemates, often about potential food source locations. Get the Popular Science newsletter Breakthroughs, discoveries, and DIY tips sent every weekday. By signing up you agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy.The waggle dance is the best source of information that we have about bee foraging, but thats based on human observations, with maybe an hour of observations made once a day over two weeks, explained Margarita Lpez-Uribe, one of the studys co-authors and a Penn State associate professor of entomology, in a statement. In field biology, we usually just look at things with our eyes, but the number of observations we can make as humans will never scale up to what a machine can do.With that in mind, Lpez-Uribes team collaborated with Penn State electrical engineers to design a new, automated system that could record far more data over longer periods of time.The goal [was] to understand if that 10-kilometer estimation is biologically accurate, said Lpez-Uribe. Can we determine exactly how far honey bees travel from their hives?Researchers ultimately settled on a custom scanner system placed above apiary hives using low-cost, off-the-shelf components such as Raspberry Pi computers and cameras. They then used a natural shellac glue to attach paper QR code slips to each bees back. Like scanning an ID card when entering a building, the system automatically detected and logged each bees QR code as they flew to and from their home. In total, each setup cost approximately $1,500 per apiary.The team visited six apiaries every two weeks through the spring and summer, tagging around 600 foraging bees each time. By the end of their study, researchers had tagged more than 32,000 bees. To ensure both the safety of the beesand themselvesthe team focused on soft-bodied, younger bees that hadnt yet begun to sting. The scanner system then logged each time a bee left and returned to the hive, along with the time, date, and outside temperature. The results both confirmed some of the researchers theories, as well as surprised them.As they originally believed, most bee journeys outside their hive only lasted a few minutes. But for around 34 percent of pollinators, those flights can turn into two-hour trips. While some of that number may be attributed to bees that never returned home, or even re-entered a hive upside down, it still indicated that foraging distances were often dictated by flower availability and location. What the scientists didnt anticipate, however, was the implications their data had on honey bee lifespans.We also found that bees are foraging for a lot longer over their lifetimes than initially thought, said Robyn Underwood, a Penn State apiculture educator and study co-author. Although honey bees are generally believed to live only around 28 days, Underwood said they saw bees foraging for six weeks, and they dont start foraging until they are already about two weeks old, so they live a lot longer than we thought.Lpez-Uribe, Underwood, and their colleagues hope that their system will help further analysis, such as matching bee flight times to waggle dance movements in order to decode their messages. They also plan to host workshops to teach others how to build their own scanner setups.This technology is opening up opportunities for biologists to study systems in ways that werent previously possible, especially in relation to organic beekeeping, said Lpez-Uribe.0 Comments 0 Shares 163 Views
-
WWW.LIVESCIENCE.COMAstronomers spot bizarre icy balls in space that are unlike anything seen beforeAstronomers have discovered two strange objects that could be young stars except they're completely surrounded by ice.0 Comments 0 Shares 124 Views
-
WWW.LIVESCIENCE.COMSecrets of 1st dinosaurs lie in the Sahara and Amazon rainforest, study suggestsThe first dinosaurs may have evolved near the equator, and not in the southwest of the supercontinent Gondwana, as researchers previously assumed due to an abundance of fossils in places like Argentina and Zimbabwe.0 Comments 0 Shares 157 Views
-
I.REDD.ITHey, I'm 2 years old, never used Blender before. Is this good?submitted by /u/Crytoooxx [link] [comments]0 Comments 0 Shares 135 Views
-
I.REDD.ITWhat to improve?submitted by /u/Successful_Sink_1936 [link] [comments]0 Comments 0 Shares 148 Views
-
WWW.GAMESPOT.COMAssassin's Creed Shadows Accessibility Options Are The Series' Most Robust YetNot every player can experience video games in the same way, especially if they have impairments. That's why Ubisoft is laying out the accessibility options that are included in Assassin's Creed Shadows, which may open some doors for players who might otherwise feel excluded. One of the key additions to Shadows is that the cinematics will have audio descriptions available, which will be a first for the series. According to UX Director Jonathan Bedard, that feature helped him realize that it could convey the depth and emotions of Shadows in an unexpected way."It... made me happy to see an initiative coming from the team's passion and making its way into the game," said Bedard. "This shows how far we've come along in the last few years, in terms of people being aware of and caring about accessibility at Ubisoft. I am proud to see this evolution, awareness, and care spreading and making our games more accessible every time."Continue Reading at GameSpot0 Comments 0 Shares 113 Views
-
WWW.GAMESPOT.COMXbox Directs Are About More Than Games--They're About The Human Side Of Game DevelopmentLong before I was a Games Journalist and thus required to watch just about every video game showcase, conference, and direct for my job, I was an eager video game fan doing the exact same thing but without, you know, a professional obligation. Regardless of whether these events required me to rise well before the sun (looking at you, Nintendo), for well over a decade I've been there, buzzing with excitement and ready to preorder things I certainly did not need.Chances are that if you're reading this, you too enjoy watching these events. Though you'd be correct in calling what's shown at these conferences glorified commercials, I've often thought of it as us gamers getting our own little "Super Bowl commercial celebration" every month or so, which is pretty neat if you ask me.Over the years of partaking in these often-solo watch parties, I've come to associate and expect certain things from certain studios and publishers. Devolver will always offer up a somewhat convoluted but high-value production that leans into the absurd, while Wholesome Direct pairs pastels with short-and-sweet sizzle reels, giving each one of the many indie games it's highlighting a brief time to shine. Of the "big three" video game companies--PlayStation, Xbox, and Nintendo--Nintendo was the first, in my eyes, to really cultivate a strong, public facing identity. If it ever does away with its quirky voiceovers and charming segues, I'd be heartbroken, to say the least.Continue Reading at GameSpot0 Comments 0 Shares 138 Views
-
GAMERANT.COMThe Best Games That Feature KarateFrom the dawn of arcades through to the hyper-competitive tournaments today, fighting games have always been a mainstay in each console generation, with a broad range that varies from fantastical and cartoony slap-fests through to gritty, realistic duels. Most fighting games that involve martial arts tend to take many artistic liberties, turning the fighting into something a lot flashier and more stylized than the original inspiration.0 Comments 0 Shares 125 Views
-
GAMERANT.COMWith Bend's Live-Service Game Dead, It Could Pivot to One SequelDays Gone developer Bend Studio is now part of the continuously growing list of live-service Sony cancelations. The company's live-service aspirations haven't exactly gone according to plan. Now that the team responsible for Days Gone has had the plug pulled on its recent project, it's unclear what lies in the developer's future.0 Comments 0 Shares 123 Views