The Saudis discussed buying the F-35 stealth fighter as part of a major agreement to purchase US arms. Here, a Saudi F-15 fighter escorts Air Force One to Riyadh on May 13. Brian Snyder/REUTERS 2025-05-15T13:47:14Z Save Saved Read in app This story is available exclusively to Business Insider subscribers. Become an Insider and start reading now. Have an account? A US-Saudi arms agreement may get complicated when it comes to Lockheed Martin's F-35 The F-35 could put Saudi Arabia's military on par with Israel in what may be a dealbreaker. The Saudis may also buy advanced US drones and missile defenses as part of the agreement. During his visit to Saudi Arabia, President Donald Trump signed what the White House described as "the largest defense sales agreement in history," valued at almost $142 billion, that will provide the kingdom "state-of-the-art warfighting equipment and services." The offer, the final value of which may ultimately prove much less than $142 billion, is expected to include Lockheed Martin's C-130 Hercules transport aircraft and other unspecified missiles and radars. Neither the White House nor administration officials have provided further details about which specific systems the deal may include, such as the advanced fighter Riyadh has wanted.The two sides discussed a potential Saudi purchase of the F-35 Lightning II stealth strike fighter and Israel's qualitative military edge came up, Reuters reported Tuesday. The Saudis have sought the F-35 for years since it's one of the world's top fighter jets that could put the kingdom's armed forces on par with Israel, the only Middle Eastern country currently flying that fifth-generation combat aircraft. Washington is legally obligated to preserve Israel's military advantage by, among other things, not selling military hardware to regional countries that are as or more advanced than Israel's arsenal. Unlike the neighboring United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia has not joined the Abraham Accords by normalizing ties with Israel and refuses to do so amid the ongoing war in Gaza."I think an F-35 deal could be agreed upon even absent Saudi-Israeli normalization," Ryan Bohl, a senior Middle East and North Africa analyst at the risk intelligence company RANE, told Business Insider. "However, to proceed with the F-35 package, it would have to be significantly downgraded to preserve Israel's qualitative military edge." "Such downgrades might diminish the overall sale's attractiveness to the Saudis."Israel took delivery of three F-35s in March, bringing its total fleet strength to 42. It will field 75 eventually. Washington may not agree to sell Riyadh a comparable number, and it may impose limits on their use."I don't think numbers alone will be sufficient, as the Israelis will be concerned that such systems could eventually end up in the hands of adversaries," Bohl said. "Rather, I think we would likely see technical restrictions and end-use requirements that would severely limit the usage of F-35s by the Saudis and reduce their capabilities against the Israelis."Israel's F-35I Adir is a unique version of the stealth aircraft that Israel modifies with indigenous weapons and systems. Therefore, the Adir is arguably already more advanced than any standard F-35A model Saudi Arabia might acquire.Ultimately, it is Israel's arch-rival Iran that may have more concerns over the prospect of Saudi F-35s.Any F-35 acquisition could give Saudi Arabia the "ability to conduct deep strikes in Iran" in ways far greater than presently possible with their current fleet of non-stealthy 4.5-generation F-15s, noted Sebastien Roblin, a widely published military-aviation journalist. Such an acquisition could also "substantially enhance" Saudi airpower and enable Riyadh to participate in any US or Israeli bombing campaign against Iran."I can see such an acquisition affecting the perceived regional balance of power vis-à-vis Tehran," Roblin told BI."That said, in a large-scale conflict, questions would arise about the vulnerability of these aircraft to Iranian strikes when they landed," Roblin said. "And whether these countries could acquire enough F-35s with enough munitions and muster sufficient professionalism and support assets to minimize risks of combat losses." F-35 Lightning II fighters entered service with the US Air Force in 2016. U.S. Air Force photo/Master Sgt. Ben Mota Riyadh may not prioritize acquiring the F-35 and seek other advanced American armaments.The US is much more open to exporting advanced drones to Middle Eastern countries than just a few years ago, when Washington largely followed the range and payload limitations suggested by the Missile Technology Control Regime for exported systems.Before Trump's trip, Washington green-lighted a potential sale of MQ-9B drones to Qatar. General Atomics is expected to offer Saudi Arabia MQ-9B SeaGuardians as part of a "huge" package deal."I think the weakening of end-use restrictions will certainly make the Americans more eager to strike deals to sell their drones to the region," RANE's Bohl said. "American drones will still need to compete against Turkish and Chinese drones that may be cheaper and have fewer political strings attached."When Washington previously declined Middle East requests for advanced American drones, China stepped in and supplied its drones throughout the region in the 2010s. In the 2020s, Saudi Arabia and the UAE signed lucrative contracts with Turkey for its indigenous Bayraktar drones."I wouldn't expect a major surge in American drone exports to the region at this point, but rather for them to become part of this region's drone diversification strategy," Bohl said. "Certainly, there will be notable deals struck in the coming years, but China and Turkey will continue to be formidable competitors in the drone arena in the Arab Gulf states."The White House mentioned that the $142 billion agreement includes "air and missile defense.""If we are looking at recent trends, they should be focusing on air defenses, including deeper stocks of interceptor missiles, and diversification of air defenses to cost-efficiently combat lower-end threats as well as high-end ones," Roblin said.Saudi Arabia already operates advanced US Patriot air defense missiles and the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense system, which can target ballistic missiles outside the atmosphere. It completed its first locally manufactured components of the latter system mere days before Trump's visit. Riyadh may seek similar co-production deals to aid in developing its domestic arms industry."There's a need for more long-distance precision strike weapons in the form of missiles and drones, which can be used without risking expensive manned combat aircraft," Roblin said. "There should be some parallel interest at sea, where we've seen Ukraine and the Houthis successfully execute sea denial strategies, one that Iran might seek to imitate in the confined waters of the Gulf.""Thus, the homework of Gulf navies is to ensure their vessels have the sensors and self-defense weapons to cope with small boat threats and cruise and ballistic missiles."Saudi Arabia has already taken steps to expand its navy with more advanced warships in recent years. RANE's Bohl believes Trump may persuade the kingdom to "purchase big-ticket items like warships" as he attempts to "revitalize the manufacturing sector" in the US.Only a fraction of this $142 billion agreement may result in completed deals — as was the case with the series of letters of intent for $110 billion worth of arms sales Trump signed with Riyadh in 2017."These deals involve optioning huge defense sales, but Trump will present these to his supporters as done deals," Roblin said. "So, the Gulf states can gift Trump a large number as a political victory without actually having to pay anywhere near the whole bill.""For the 2017 defense deal, by the following year, Riyadh reportedly had bought only $14.5 billion out of $110 billion optioned."Paul Iddon is a freelance journalist and columnist who writes about Middle East developments, military affairs, politics, and history. His articles have appeared in a variety of publications focused on the region. Recommended video

John Edwards, Technology Journalist & AuthorMay 15, 20255 Min ReadTuta via Alamy Stock PhotoGetting a new IT project off the ground requires a concept, a goal, meticulous planning, and, perhaps most importantly, a willingness to assume a certain amount of risk. It's this last point that often keeps IT leaders awake at night. Addressing risk prior to launching an IT project is crucial, since it helps to set clear expectations, identify potential obstacles, and create a roadmap for handling unforeseen challenges, says Anbang Xu, founder of JoggAI, an AI-powered video platform, and a former senior product manager at Apple and senior software engineer at Google. "Particularly when it comes to AI-driven projects, understanding the risks -- whether they're related to technology, data security, scalability, or talent -- can make the difference between a smooth launch and a failed initiative," he observes in an email interview. "By addressing these concerns early, you also ensure that resources are allocated effectively, and your team is better equipped to handle surprises." Building a strong mechanism to address risk during project planning is crucial to ensure that all decisions are made with transparency into cost, benefit, and risk, says Ola Chowning, a partner with technology research and advisory firm ISG. "Project decisions that don't estimate risk and its tangible or intangible impacts at the start, or even during a project, likely don't have the data needed to make informed decisions and balance cost, risk, and benefit," she explains in an online interview. "More importantly, failing to address risk can waste time if an event occurs and the team is left scrambling to determine how to respond." Related:There are also secondary risks, including budget, resources, and technology challenges, says Munir Hafez, CTO of Independence Pet Holdings via email (Hafez was senior vice president and CIO at credit reporting firm TransUnion at the time of the interview.) "Each of these risks should be addressed before launching an IT project to ensure that the project is starting off on a solid foundation and will gain alignment with all stakeholders." Accurate Estimations By quantifying risks, project managers can objectively assess their potential likelihood and impact, allowing efficient resource allocation and the development of appropriate mitigation strategies, Hafez says. "This structured approach ensures that no significant risks are overlooked and that the project remains on track." The best way to estimate risk is to divide the project into small components and assess the uncertainty around each unit, Xu says. This process includes examining the project's technical feasibility, the team's ability to handle complexity, and any potential dependencies on third-party tools or services. Xu states he relies on a combination of historical data from similar past projects and predictive models -- particularly when it comes to AI and machine learning applications, where it's often unknown how algorithms will perform at scale. "This allows us to develop a more nuanced risk profile, instead of relying on assumptions," he explains. Related:Many organizations use a risk scoring tool, built on previous project experiences and common risk categories, to guide project teams on risk types for their particular project, Chowning says. "Some [organizations] even have statistics on how often risks have occurred in the past and the average impact on previous projects." Risk Tips If a risk estimate appears overly optimistic, the leader should reassess the situation and adjust the project plan accordingly, Hafez says. "This may involve consulting industry experts or revisiting lessons learned from previous internal projects to accurately reflect the risk." The biggest mistake is underestimating the impact of technical debt and the complexity of scaling solutions, Xu warns. "Leaders often focus too much on the initial development phase and don’t account for the ongoing maintenance and optimization required," he explains. "Risk should be measured not only by the initial launch, but also by the long-term implications of maintaining and improving the post-launch system." Related:Final Thoughts As a project progresses, existing risks can evolve and new risks may emerge, Hafez says. "Regularly reviewing and updating the risk management plan ensures that the project will remain resilient and adaptable to these changes." Fostering a culture of open communication and encouraging team members to report potential risks early can significantly enhance a project's ability to respond effectively, Hafez says. This proactive approach helps avoid the "watermelon effect," where performance metrics appear positive (green) on the surface, but reveal underlying problems (red) when examined more closely. Embrace flexibility, Xu advises. In tech, especially in fields such as AI, things are constantly evolving. "A leader’s ability to adapt and pivot when necessary is as critical as the ability to plan," he notes. That's why it's important to continue refining risk assessments throughout the project's life. It’s important for project team and business decision-makers to understand that risks aren't a bad thing, Chowning says. "The underlying objective of risk management is to understand and mitigate risk, and to be prepared if risk events occur." Making high project risk scores a "bad thing" will simply drive team leaders and members to underestimate, ignore, or even attempt to hide potential risk. About the AuthorJohn EdwardsTechnology Journalist & AuthorJohn Edwards is a veteran business technology journalist. His work has appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post, and numerous business and technology publications, including Computerworld, CFO Magazine, IBM Data Management Magazine, RFID Journal, and Electronic Design. He has also written columns for The Economist's Business Intelligence Unit and PricewaterhouseCoopers' Communications Direct. John has authored several books on business technology topics. His work began appearing online as early as 1983. Throughout the 1980s and 90s, he wrote daily news and feature articles for both the CompuServe and Prodigy online services. His "Behind the Screens" commentaries made him the world's first known professional blogger.See more from John EdwardsWebinarsMore WebinarsReportsMore ReportsNever Miss a Beat: Get a snapshot of the issues affecting the IT industry straight to your inbox.SIGN-UPYou May Also Like

Part antiques dealer, part architect, this Belgian maverick is an unlikely source of lessons for contemporary material reuse Marcel Raymaekers (1933–) never qualified as an architect. This did not stop him from procuring the materials for, designing and building around 150 villas across Belgium. The exact number is unknown: Belgium’s architectural establishment mostly ignored and rejected Raymaekers just as he ignored and rejected them, and as a result his work has never been collated or taken seriously. Raymaekers himself never kept records of his work; he regarded the drawing board as a ‘torture device’, preferring sketches and improvisation on site, determined by the material batches he had to hand. The extent of Raymaekers’ oeuvre is also hard to fathom because he wanted to keep it under the radar of the tax authorities. They caught up with him eventually; he was bankrupted in 2014. Today, Raymaekers is a 92‑year‑old tenant living inside what was once his personal empire, Queen of the South, in the Limburg countryside in north‑western Belgium. This compound was – and to a limited extent, still is – a vast salvage yard packed with components scavenged from aggressive postwar demolition. This puzzling place, completed in 1972 but constantly expanded, is stuffed with billowing pitched roofs, impossible archways, numerous appendages and antechambers. In its heyday – the 1970s and ’80s – Queen of the South also had a nightclub, a restaurant, a jazz venue, Raymaekers’ own ultra‑luxe apartment, and an estaminet – a plush, wood‑panelled, banquet‑seated, mirror‑pillared café‑bar. Marcel Raymaekers was born in 1933 near Leuven in Belgium. In 1950, he enrolled to study architecture at the Sint-Lukas School in Brussels but left a year later without a degree. Though not officially an architect, Raymaekers proceeded to design around 150 projects, from suburban homes to hotels and music venues – in 1986, he completed the Orlando discotheque, which burned down in 2014 Credit: Roger Dyckmans It was here that Raymaekers would sit – when he was not criss‑crossing Belgium scouting for materials – scoping out clients as they stumbled giddily into his world, overwhelmed by the aspiration and status anxiety that Queen of the South was designed to induce. The project was also a cultural hub attracting misfits and eccentrics, wheelers and dealers, experts and charlatans. The novelist Hugo Claus had his 50th birthday at Queen of the South, honouring Raymaekers in his speech. Raymaekers and his wife Hilde did interviews for newspapers, magazines and TV, often while reclining on their bed. The media was not interested in him as an accomplished architect, but as a purveyor of kitsch, an absurdity.  What Raymaekers had to sell his clients was more than simply antiques or even houses composed of them (buy enough materials and he would design you a house for no charge: that was always the deal). What Raymaekers was really selling were dreams of nobility: the life of a lord and lady of the manor, set apart (and above) from an increasingly modernised, homogenised world. Sensuality and hedonism, expressed through haptic, resplendent materials, was a big part of the allure too – the promise of a new way of life. One of Raymaekers’ bigger projects was a love hotel, Rubensexclusief, near Diest, completed in 1979. Each chamber was bestowed with an excess of padded velvet upholstery, often creeping up the walls and curving onto the ceilings. In the lobby, a salvaged confession booth was intended as a hiding place for guilty parties. Raymaekers brought several clients here to celebrate a successful transaction or to introduce them to his material language before starting design negotiations. His clients were middle‑class professionals – teachers, dentists, entrepreneurs, doctors, engineers, florists, pharmacists. Wealthy, but not extraordinarily rich. Many of his houses allowed them to live and work – interfacing with the public – on the same property. House Kelchtermans from 1970, for example, designed with architect Jos Witters, is composed of three pyramids – a home, a doctor’s office and a garage – structured with reclaimed oak beams. The roof tiles were salvaged by the client himself, Dr Kelchtermans, who received tips on where to find them from his patients, many of whom were farmers whose buildings were undergoing modernisation or demolition. Inside, it is all split‑levels, enormous fireplaces and complex, spiralling spaces. But the house’s biggest flourish is the skylights: 23 cupolas from decommissioned Lockheed T‑33 fighter jet cockpits. Raymaekers had found them languishing in a salvage yard on the other side of Flanders, saw their architectural potential and persuaded the client to buy them. Client participation was everything. The Boncher family’s house, completed in 1984, is a mash‑up of components from a derelict slaughterhouse in the city of Tienen and an army barracks in Verviers. The Bonchers themselves spent weeks carefully dismantling the bricks, Gobertange white stone and fleur‑de‑lis roof tiles from the slaughterhouse. Raymaekers had the grand entrance and guardhouses from the barracks available in his stock at Queen of the South, probably at a time‑sensitive discount. Many of the construction and final design decisions for House Boncher were left to happenstance; as the contractors built the walls up row‑by‑row, whenever a hole was needed for a window, Raymaekers would decide the dimensions only at that moment, based on whatever blue limestone window frame he happened to have in stock. Occasionally, the masons had to deconstruct part of a wall if a larger‑than‑anticipated window became available.  ‘Raymaekers’ houses are intelligent, instinctive assemblages of unpredictable material streams’ The interior, too, required improvisation. A white stone staircase, salvaged from a church pulpit, was meant to spiral up to the main bedroom of House Boncher but turned out to be about 200mm too short. The solution? Raymaekers and the contractors decided to build a hefty bump into the floor, consisting of cobbles and decorative tiling. It gave the staircase the necessary boost to reach up to the bedroom. It was typical of how designing exclusively with old materials required Raymaekers to empower and trust his contractors. Their design contributions, extemporisation and management of materials and how they might fit together were intrinsic to the realisation of every project. Working with large batches helped simplify matters – or allowed further complexity. When the Antwerp townhouse of art nouveau architect Joseph Bascourt was demolished to make way for the extension of a car park, Raymaekers snapped up the facade. Without knowing or caring how the pieces were originally composed, Raymaekers shuffled them into a new configuration for the facade of a flower shop a client had commissioned in the Brussels hinterland, completed in 1987. Raymaekers moved Bascourt’s decorative entablature from the top of the facade down to eye level, the better to be enjoyed; that this meant the windows on the top floor would now poke strangely above the roofline was fine with both Raymaekers and the client. The shreds of Raymaekers’ reputation that survive today, and what can be retrieved and reconstructed of his private and professional habits, are complex at best. His charisma and determination enabled him to convince artisans, contractors, labourers and clients to stretch themselves beyond what they thought possible, adding their own talent to his difficult buildings. But Raymaekers could also be intimidating and domineering. Collaborators often stepped away from his all‑consuming process; clients who considered him too pushy and found themselves running out of money could cease working with him. But this was not the case for his spouses, sons, grandchildren and daughters‑in‑law. They were bound to him by more than his business practice and art, and some of them suffered enduring and even unbearable distress. Their suffering is the shadow behind Raymaekers’ work. When researchers from Belgian design practice Rotor and the University of Ghent – also the authors of this article – started showing up at Queen of the South in 2011, it was not because of Raymaekers’ reputation; it was merely to include Queen of the South on Opalis’s database, a roster of salvage dealers covering much of north‑western Europe. We only realised the extent and importance of his work after several years and at least three visits. Raymaekers had refused all interviews since his bankruptcy, but after some persuasion, a meeting was scheduled in the courtyard on a grey winter day. Triggered by newspaper cuttings, his own limited archive of photographs and strolls through the stock, a picture emerged of the rich reuse ecosystem in which he was active in his glory days. It is this ecosystem, along with the remarkable and necessary fluidity of Raymaekers’ practice with old building materials, that was critical to his success. Belgium was blessed in the postwar period with a remarkably robust network of demolition contractors who were also salvage dealers, antiques dealers who were also designers, industrial scrapyards willing to let architects pick through their mountains of waste. The landscape was ripe for reuse. So was the legislative field. Raymaekers’ oeuvre could be mistaken, at a cursory glance, for just more Ugly Belgian Houses (several of them have indeed appeared on Hannes Coudenys’ infamous blog). His houses appear to be kitsch, chaotic, brazen, overstuffed with mixed metaphors. But they are much more than that. They are intelligent, instinctive assemblages of unpredictable material streams. They are bracing, never boring. And though they are wildly out‑of‑step with today’s tastes, the houses – and moreover, the kind of innovative practice that built them – have a lot to teach spatial practitioners about reusing architectural materials and circularity in the construction industry. And as with any of those so‑called ‘ugly’ Belgian houses, the label is a trivialisation (and an elitist one) of something systemic and generative. What makes possible such expressionistic and characterful suburban houses in Belgium – whatever one thinks of their quality – is government policy since the postwar era. While other European countries went all in on standardised social housing, in Belgium, the 1948 De Taeye Law offered construction grants and a state guarantee on mortgages, triggering families to initiate, help design and sometimes even execute the construction of their own homes, tapping into a rural tradition of self‑reliance. Raymaekers worked at a time when modernisation – and the demolition it demanded – was churning out a constant flow of antique materials. It was also a time when the merger and exchange of roles in the architectural process – from material procurement, to design and collaboration live on site – was still possible. Material reuse today is much harder. It must work precisely against the linear flows of extraction, capital, efficiency and predictability – all supercharged by the digital and its requirement of an almost omniscient predictability, and by increasingly demanding rules around compliance and liability. But to explore the wild potential of material reuse – not just to reduce embodied carbon, but to unleash new design potential and a richer culture around material (heritage) and practice – it must be possible to imagine ways in which material procurement, construction sites and the architects’ role can change fundamentally again.  Illustration: Laslo Antal for The Architectural Review. Read more about the process of making this portrait here 2025-05-15 Justinien Tribillon Share AR May 2025CircularityBuy Now

Lovell House | © Julius Shulman Few residential projects in the history of architecture have so concisely synthesized the aspirations of the modernist movement as the Lovell House. Designed by Richard Neutra and constructed between 1927 and 1929, this hillside residence overlooking Los Angeles is more than a stylistic landmark. It is a rigorous exploration of space, health, and industrial modernity. Commissioned by Dr. Philip Lovell, a health advocate and proponent of naturopathy, the house was conceived not as a retreat from the world but as a manifesto supporting rational living. For Neutra, who had recently arrived in the United States from Europe, this project represented a professional breakthrough and a profoundly personal alignment of ideological principles. Lovell House Technical Information Architects1-6: Richard Neutra Location: 4616 Dundee Drive, Los Feliz, Los Angeles, California, USA Area: 446 m2 | 4,800 Sq. Ft. Project Year: 1927 – 1928 Photographs: © Julius Shulman Philip Lovell wanted a house that would express his ideas of health, hygiene, and fitness. I wanted a house that would express my ideas of modern architecture. In the end, we built both. – Richard Neutra 7 Lovell House Photographs © Michael Locke, Flickr User © Michael Locke, Flickr User © Barcelo Photography © Barcelo Photography © Barcelo Photography © Barcelo Photography © Julius Shulman © Julius Shulman © Julius Shulman © Julius Shulman © Julius Shulman © Julius Shulman Context and Commission The interwar period witnessed a radical reevaluation of domestic space, partly driven by technological advancements and shifting attitudes toward hygiene and well-being. Within this cultural milieu, Dr. Lovell, already known for commissioning the Lovell Beach House by Rudolf Schindler, sought to build a residence that would embody his beliefs in clean living, sun exposure, and fresh air. His choice of Neutra, an architect trained in Vienna and influenced by figures such as Adolf Loos and Erich Mendelsohn, signaled a deliberate move toward a more European, functionalist approach. The Lovell House was Neutra’s first major commission in the United States and his opportunity to engage with the burgeoning discourse around the International Style. Lovell’s trust in Neutra and the architect’s commitment to creating a scientifically ordered environment set the stage for one of the most iconic modern homes in American architecture. Design Strategies and Construction Innovation On the hills of Los Feliz, the Lovell House is among the earliest examples of residential steel-frame construction in the United States. Neutra’s use of this system, more commonly associated with commercial or industrial buildings then, allowed for a remarkably lightweight structure that could seemingly float above its steep site. The steel frame also permitted large spans and cantilevers, freeing the plan from traditional load-bearing constraints and enabling expansive glazed openings. The house is organized as a vertical sequence of spaces, with each floor serving a distinct function. The lower level includes areas for exercise and recreation, aligned with Lovell’s ideals, while the upper floors house living and sleeping quarters. Circulation is carefully orchestrated, with a suspended exterior stair emphasizing the connection between levels without interrupting the building’s formal clarity. Transparency and openness are guiding principles throughout the design. Ribbon windows, floor-to-ceiling glazing, and open terraces blur the boundary between inside and out, capitalizing on Southern California’s climate while reinforcing Neutra’s belief in architecture’s capacity to mediate between human beings and their environment. Materiality and Environmental Integration The Lovell House’s material language is deliberately spare. Industrial steel, concrete, glass, and stucco are deployed precisely, rejecting ornamentation in favor of surface, proportion, and rhythm. Neutra’s choice of materials was aesthetic and deeply aligned with the project’s hygienic ethos: smooth, cleanable surfaces, built-in furniture, and controlled daylight contribute to a sense of physical and psychological well-being. Despite its machine-like clarity, the house is far from alienated from its context. The steeply sloping terrain becomes an active component of the design. Outdoor terraces, bridges, and gardens mediate between the constructed and natural environments, encouraging movement, exposure to sunlight, and engagement with the landscape. Neutra’s sensitivity to site and orientation ensured that the building was not merely placed on the land but woven into its topography and climate. Legacy and Influence The Lovell House has long occupied a pivotal place in the architectural canon. Featured in the 1932 Museum of Modern Art exhibition that introduced the International Style to an American audience, it exemplified the movement’s nationalist ideals in built form. Its influence on subsequent generations of architects in the U.S. and abroad cannot be overstated. For Neutra, the project marked the beginning of a prolific career dedicated to what he termed “biorealism”: integrating architecture with its inhabitants’ physiological and psychological needs. The house’s emphasis on health, efficiency, and environmental responsiveness would become hallmarks of his later work. Lovell House Plans Sketches | © Richard Neutra Floor Plans | © Richard Neutra Elevations | © Richard Neutra Elevations | © Richard Neutra Isometric View | © Richard Neutra Lovell House Image Gallery About Richard Neutra Richard Neutra (1892–1970) was an Austrian-American architect whose work played a pivotal role in defining the architectural identity of mid-20th century California. Deeply influenced by European modernism and trained under figures like Adolf Loos and briefly Frank Lloyd Wright, Neutra brought a rigorous, human-centered approach to design that emphasized clarity, health, and environmental responsiveness. His architecture fused technological precision with psychological and physiological considerations, resulting in dwellings that were as much about wellness as they were about aesthetics. Best known for projects like the Lovell House and the Kaufmann Desert House, Neutra’s legacy is a model of modern architecture’s potential to harmonize life, nature, and innovation. Credits and Additional Notes Client: Dr. Philip Lovell Design Period: 1927 Construction Period: 1928–1929 Site Conditions: Steep hillside lot in Los Feliz with expansive views over Los Angeles Construction System: Steel-frame structure with gunite (sprayed concrete) and stucco cladding Architectural Style: International Style / Modernism Neutra: Complete Works by Barbara Mac Lamprecht, Peter Gossel, Dion Neutra, Julius Shulman

Metal 3D printer manufacturer Nikon SLM Solutions has formed a strategic partnership with U.S.-based specialty materials producer Allegheny Technologies Incorporated (ATI) and engineering firm Bechtel Plant Machinery, Inc. (BPMI) to drive advancements in hypersonic and naval propulsion technologies. As part of this collaboration, ATI has acquired the NXG 600E metal additive manufacturing system to boost production capacity for critical components supporting U.S. Navy and Department of Defense programs at its manufacturing sites. “The NXG 600E’s expansive build volume and sophisticated support structure capabilities align seamlessly with U.S. Navy propulsion requirements,” expressed Nathan Weiderspahn, BPMI Executive Manager, Industrial Base Management. “Nikon SLM Solutions’ cutting-edge additive manufacturing technology is set to play a pivotal role in advancing the U.S. Navy’s operational readiness, contributing to the maintenance and enhancement of our nation’s fleet.” SLM Solutions’ NXG XII 600E 3D printer. Image via SLM Solutions. Expanding Defense Manufacturing with the NXG 600E As part of this partnership, ATI has purchased the NXG 600E metal additive manufacturing system. The system was selected to address the technical requirements of U.S. Navy propulsion and hypersonic weapon components. With its 1.5-meter Z-axis and high production capacity, the NXG 600E is intended to support ATI’s manufacturing capabilities in defense applications. ATI plans to utilize Inconel 625 with the NXG 600E, a high-performance alloy widely used in hypersonic and naval propulsion systems, as well as various demanding industrial applications. The June delivery of the NXG 600E is expected to enhance ATI’s metal additive manufacturing capabilities, leveraging their proven success with the SLM125 and expertise in Nikon SLM’s open machine architecture and advanced parameter development. SLM 280 3D printer. Photo via Nikon SLM Solutions. “In the dynamic landscape of additive manufacturing, Nikon SLM Solutions is taking a significant leap forward,” said Sam O’Leary, CEO. ” This strategic development underscores our commitment to delivering American-made ingenuity, superior technology, and empowering the defense and aerospace sectors with cutting-edge additive manufacturing capabilities,” said Sam O’Leary, CEO of Nikon SLM Solutions. Industrial Adoption of the NXG XII 600E Launched in 2022, the NXG XII 600E by SLM Solutions is a metal additive manufacturing system with a build volume of 600 × 600 × 1,500 mm enabled by a 1.5-meter Z-axis. Equipped with twelve 1,000-watt lasers, the NXG delivers fast and accurate melting of metal powder, enabling the production of high-quality, uniform parts. The system is designed to handle large, complex components in a single build and supports industrial-scale production with features aimed at improving speed and process control. It includes workflow enhancements intended to maximize machine uptime and reduce production cycle times. Among the recent adopters of the NXG XII 600 technology is German multinational engineering and technology company Bosch launched a new metal additive manufacturing facility at its Nuremberg plant, investing nearly €6 million.  At the heart of the facility is a Nikon SLM Solutions NXG XII 600 metal 3D printer, which the company says will play a key role in producing complex metal parts more efficiently. With this addition, the automotive giant sees itself as the first Tier-1 automotive supplier in Europe to operate a facility in this performance class. Elsewhere, semiconductor manufacturing company Veeco started using Nikon SLM Solutions’ NXG XII 600 metal AM system to advance its production processes. Designed for creating intricate components such as gas delivery systems and heat exchangers, the technology enhances precision and efficiency in semiconductor manufacturing. Having integrated additive manufacturing into its operations, Veeco aims to enhance productivity and accelerate time-to-market. Take the 3DPI Reader Survey — shape the future of AM reporting in under 5 minutes. Who won the 2024 3D Printing Industry Awards? Subscribe to the 3D Printing Industry newsletter to keep up with the latest 3D printing news. You can also follow us on LinkedIn, and subscribe to the 3D Printing Industry Youtube channel to access more exclusive content. Featured image shows Nikon 3D Printing. Photo via Nikon. Paloma Duran Paloma Duran holds a BA in International Relations and an MA in Journalism. Specializing in writing, podcasting, and content and event creation, she works across politics, energy, mining, and technology. With a passion for global trends, Paloma is particularly interested in the impact of technology like 3D printing on shaping our future.

John Edwards, Technology Journalist & AuthorMay 15, 20255 Min ReadJorge Pérez via Alamy Stock PhotoGetting a new IT project off the ground requires a concept, a goal, meticulous planning, and, perhaps most importantly, a willingness to assume a certain amount of risk. It's this last point that often keeps IT leaders awake at night. Addressing risk prior to launching an IT project is crucial, since it helps to set clear expectations, identify potential obstacles, and create a roadmap for handling unforeseen challenges, says Anbang Xu, founder of JoggAI, an AI-powered video platform, and a former senior product manager at Apple and senior software engineer at Google. "Particularly when it comes to AI-driven projects, understanding the risks -- whether they're related to technology, data security, scalability, or talent -- can make the difference between a smooth launch and a failed initiative," he observes in an email interview. "By addressing these concerns early, you also ensure that resources are allocated effectively, and your team is better equipped to handle surprises." Building a strong mechanism to address risk during project planning is crucial to ensure that all decisions are made with transparency into cost, benefit, and risk, says Ola Chowning, a partner with technology research and advisory firm ISG. "Project decisions that don't estimate risk and its tangible or intangible impacts at the start, or even during a project, likely don't have the data needed to make informed decisions and balance cost, risk, and benefit," she explains in an online interview. "More importantly, failing to address risk can waste time if an event occurs and the team is left scrambling to determine how to respond." Related:There are also secondary risks, including budget, resources, and technology challenges, says Munir Hafez, CTO of Independence Pet Holdings via email (Hafez was senior vice president and CIO at credit reporting firm TransUnion at the time of the interview.) "Each of these risks should be addressed before launching an IT project to ensure that the project is starting off on a solid foundation and will gain alignment with all stakeholders." Accurate Estimations By quantifying risks, project managers can objectively assess their potential likelihood and impact, allowing efficient resource allocation and the development of appropriate mitigation strategies, Hafez says. "This structured approach ensures that no significant risks are overlooked and that the project remains on track." The best way to estimate risk is to divide the project into small components and assess the uncertainty around each unit, Xu says. This process includes examining the project's technical feasibility, the team's ability to handle complexity, and any potential dependencies on third-party tools or services. Xu states he relies on a combination of historical data from similar past projects and predictive models -- particularly when it comes to AI and machine learning applications, where it's often unknown how algorithms will perform at scale. "This allows us to develop a more nuanced risk profile, instead of relying on assumptions," he explains. Related:Many organizations use a risk scoring tool, built on previous project experiences and common risk categories, to guide project teams on risk types for their particular project, Chowning says. "Some [organizations] even have statistics on how often risks have occurred in the past and the average impact on previous projects." Risk Tips If a risk estimate appears overly optimistic, the leader should reassess the situation and adjust the project plan accordingly, Hafez says. "This may involve consulting industry experts or revisiting lessons learned from previous internal projects to accurately reflect the risk." The biggest mistake is underestimating the impact of technical debt and the complexity of scaling solutions, Xu warns. "Leaders often focus too much on the initial development phase and don’t account for the ongoing maintenance and optimization required," he explains. "Risk should be measured not only by the initial launch, but also by the long-term implications of maintaining and improving the post-launch system." Related:Final Thoughts As a project progresses, existing risks can evolve and new risks may emerge, Hafez says. "Regularly reviewing and updating the risk management plan ensures that the project will remain resilient and adaptable to these changes." Fostering a culture of open communication and encouraging team members to report potential risks early can significantly enhance a project's ability to respond effectively, Hafez says. This proactive approach helps avoid the "watermelon effect," where performance metrics appear positive (green) on the surface, but reveal underlying problems (red) when examined more closely. Embrace flexibility, Xu advises. In tech, especially in fields such as AI, things are constantly evolving. "A leader’s ability to adapt and pivot when necessary is as critical as the ability to plan," he notes. That's why it's important to continue refining risk assessments throughout the project's life. It’s important for project team and business decision-makers to understand that risks aren't a bad thing, Chowning says. "The underlying objective of risk management is to understand and mitigate risk, and to be prepared if risk events occur." Making high project risk scores a "bad thing" will simply drive team leaders and members to underestimate, ignore, or even attempt to hide potential risk. About the AuthorJohn EdwardsTechnology Journalist & AuthorJohn Edwards is a veteran business technology journalist. His work has appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post, and numerous business and technology publications, including Computerworld, CFO Magazine, IBM Data Management Magazine, RFID Journal, and Electronic Design. He has also written columns for The Economist's Business Intelligence Unit and PricewaterhouseCoopers' Communications Direct. John has authored several books on business technology topics. His work began appearing online as early as 1983. Throughout the 1980s and 90s, he wrote daily news and feature articles for both the CompuServe and Prodigy online services. His "Behind the Screens" commentaries made him the world's first known professional blogger.See more from John EdwardsWebinarsMore WebinarsReportsMore ReportsNever Miss a Beat: Get a snapshot of the issues affecting the IT industry straight to your inbox.SIGN-UPYou May Also Like

May 15, 2025The Hacker NewsCompliance / Penetration Testing Imagine this: Your organization completed its annual penetration test in January, earning high marks for security compliance. In February, your development team deployed a routine software update. By April, attackers had already exploited a vulnerability introduced in that February update, gaining access to customer data weeks before being finally detected. This situation isn't theoretical: it plays out repeatedly as organizations realize that point-in-time compliance testing can't protect against vulnerabilities introduced after the assessment. According to Verizons 2025 Data Breach Investigation Report, the exploitation of vulnerabilities rose 34% year-over-year. While compliance frameworks provide important security guidelines, companies need continuous security validation to identify and remediate new vulnerabilities before attackers can exploit them. Here's what you need to know about pen testing to meet compliance standards — and why you should adopt continuous penetration testing, if your penetration testing goals go beyond minimum standards. The current state of pen testingCompliance-driven pen testing If your organization is like many, you might conduct penetration tests primarily to satisfy regulatory frameworks like PCI DSS, HIPAA, SOC 2, or ISO 27001. But if your pen testing focuses on simply checking off compliance boxes — instead of developing comprehensive security postures — you're creating a dangerous disconnect between security theater and actual threat protection. Limitations Compliance-focused pen testing has several limitations that leave organizations vulnerable. Surface-level security: Compliance-focused penetration testing typically addresses only compliance-relevant vulnerabilities. If your organization focuses its pen testing exclusively on meeting compliance requirements, you're just scratching the surface — and missing the chance to identify vulnerabilities that fall outside the scope of regulatory frameworks. These undetected weaknesses can give attackers an attack vector into your systems, potentially leading to devastating data breaches and operational disruptions. Static nature: Cyber attackers and the digital landscape move fast. Compliance standards? Not so much. During the months (or years) it takes for regulatory frameworks to catch up with new threats – and the gaps between compliance-focused penetration tests – malicious actors are actively developing exploits for emerging vulnerabilities. By the time these weaknesses appear on compliance checklists, attackers may have already compromised countless systems. False sense of security: Organizations often mistake compliance for security, believing a passing audit score means they're sufficiently protected. But the reality is that compliance certifications represent minimum standards that sophisticated attackers can easily bypass. Companies with successful audits may lower their guard when they should be working on strengthening their defenses beyond basic requirements. The importance of continuous pen testing Embracing continuous security testing offers organizations numerous benefits. Beyond compliance: Proactive and continuous penetration testing can reveal vulnerabilities that scheduled compliance checks might miss. Skilled human testers can uncover complex security flaws in business logic, authentication systems, and data flows, while automated scans keep an eye on any changes that might happen over the development cycle. By implementing regular, comprehensive testing, your organization can stay ahead of attackers rather than merely satisfying auditors. You'll be doing much more than passing the next compliance review — you'll be developing a resilient security posture capable of withstanding more sophisticated threats. Continuous improvement: Security threats constantly change, forcing organizations to adopt ongoing testing instead of point-in-time assessments. And regular penetration tests can expose vulnerabilities before attackers can exploit them. For example, Pen Testing as a Service (PTaaS) helps organizations achieve continuous security validation without overwhelming internal teams. With PTaaS, your organization can detect new threats in time and quickly take steps to remediate them. Instead of reacting to breaches after they occur, PTaaS lets you stay a step ahead of attackers by using real-world testing to continuously strengthen your security. Key components of a pen testing strategy with security in mind To implement penetration testing that truly helps safeguard your systems, focus on these key strategic components: Regular or continuous testing To effectively address vulnerabilities in real time, your organization should regularly conduct penetration tests — including after significant system changes and before major deployments. Ultimately, your ideal pen testing frequency and depth will depend on your assets — their complexity, criticality to your business operations and external exposure. For example, if you have an online store that holds critical customer data and payment information — and is regularly updated with changes and plugins — you may want to employ continuous testing. On the other end of the spectrum, your marketing department's fall-campaign microsite may only need quarterly or annual assessments. Integration with other security measures Want to maximize your organization's security effectiveness? Combine penetration testing with External Attack Surface Management (EASM). By identifying your digital footprint and testing critical applications based on the latest threat data, your team can prioritize high-risk vulnerabilities while ensuring no internet-facing assets remain unmonitored, unprotected or untested. Customization and threat-led penetration tests Your organization faces unique security challenges based on your industry, technology stack, and business operations. By tailoring penetration testing, you can focus on your business's specific threat profile — testing the areas where breaches are most likely to occur based on the most active threat actors and those that would cause the most damage — rather than wasting time and resources on cookie-cutter assessments. Overcoming challenges Despite the clear benefits, many organizations struggle with common penetration testing implementation challenges related to resources and culture. Resource allocation Resource issues — including budget constraints and shortage of qualified security personnel — prevent many organizations from implementing adequate penetration testing programs. But PTaaS and combined discovery and testing services like Outpost24s CyberFlex service solve these challenges by providing access to certified testers through a predictable subscription model, eliminating budget spikes and the expense of maintaining specialized in-house expertise. Cultural shift To move beyond compliance-driven security, your organization's leadership must champion a cultural shift prioritizing continuous testing and proactive risk management. When security becomes embedded in your organizational culture, pen testing transforms from a periodic checklist item into an ongoing process of discovering and addressing vulnerabilities before attackers can exploit them. Taking action with integrated solutions For the greatest level of security, your organization must know every application in your environment and test each one thoroughly. And a combined solution like Outpost24's CyberFlex can help. Integrating EASM and PTaaS on a platform level, allows cybersecurity experts to identify all internet-facing applications, use detailed categorizations to prioritize risks, and test business-critical applications with flexible, human-led assessments. By shifting to proactive penetration testing, your organization can prevent attacks before they happen — and satisfy compliance requirements. Ready to go beyond compliance and elevate your application security? Request your CyberFlex live demo today. Found this article interesting? This article is a contributed piece from one of our valued partners. Follow us on Twitter  and LinkedIn to read more exclusive content we post. SHARE    

html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd" https://www.cgchannel.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/240206_Cavalry2_particles.mp4 Originally posted on 6 February 2024. Scroll down for news of the Cavalry 2.4 update. Scene Group has begun the next big series of releases for Cavalry, its motion design software. Cavalry 2.0 adds animatable scene cameras, making it possible to create 2.5D effects, plus an experimental new particle system, and increases scene playback speed around 200%. A next-gen 2D motion graphics tool inspired by 3D software Originally released in 2020, Cavalry is a procedural animation app “combining the power and flexibility of 3D with the ease of use of 2D”.Although currently a pure 2D animation tool, it supports workflows that will be familiar to 3D animators, including keyframing, curve editing, deformation, rigging, scattering and instancing. Scene Group’s background is also in 3D motion graphics: the firm is a spin-off from Mainframe North, which developed MASH, Maya’s motion graphics toolset. Once created, images may be exported in a range of file formats, including as JPEG, PNG or SVG sequences, as animated PNGs, as WEBM or QuickTime movies, or in Lottie format. https://www.cgchannel.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/240206_Cavalry2_cameras.mp4 Add a Camera to a scene to create 2.5D animations Major changes in Cavalry 2.0 include support for Cameras, making it possible to create 2.5D effects like the one above.Users can create Freeform or Look At cameras, with the option to offset the position of the camera and look-at target to create secondary motion, and to set view distance limits for layers. Experimental new particle system creates 2D particle effects Cavalry 2.0 also introduces an experimental new particle system, for creating particle effects.It’s still a tech preview, but it already includes a range of standard basic features, including settings for particle shape, and a range of emitter types and modifiers. Particles can be emitted from points, shapes, paths or Distributions; and it is possible to direct particle motion with paths, goals, forces or turbulence. Other new features and performance improvements Other new features in Cavalry 2.0 include a new Auto-Animate behavior for animating Shapes with fewer keyframes, and support for tapered strokes along Shapes.Workflow improvements include the option to set up overrides for Pre-Comps, making it easier to create variants for a composition. Users can also now group Layers into simplified custom containers called Components, controlling which Attributes are exposed in the UI. Performance improvements include boosts of 10-600% in playback speed: the improvement is greater in complex scenes, but Scene Group says that the average is around 200%. Cavalry also now supports background rendering, making it possible to continue to work while a scene is rendering. https://www.cgchannel.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/240524_Cavalry21_tw.mp4 Updated 23 May 2024: Scene Group has released Cavalry 2.1. The update focuses on the audio tools, adding support for multi-track audio playback, and the option to export audio from Cavalry. Audio projects can be exported as AAC files, or in MP4, QuickTime or WebM files. It is also possible to import audio files in more formats, now including AAC, MP3 and CAF. Updated 11 November 2024: Scene Group has released Cavalry 2.2. The biggest change in the update is support for OpenType fonts in the Text Shape, with the option to control OpenType features like ligatures and superscript procedurally. It is also possible to create color gradients along Strokes, and to add multiple Strokes to paths. Other changes include the option to fill closed paths with Stitches, new Sweep and Shape Falloff patterns, a new Quick Mask mode, and proportional easing when scaling keyframes. Users of the paid Pro edition also get a new Knot behavior, which automatically adds gaps to paths where they self-intersect, and a new Stroke Duplicator feature. Released 11 December 2025: Scene Group has released Cavalry 2.3. Workflow improvements include the option to save presets for Layers, Compositions and Render Queue Items, and to ‘seed‘ random values for Attributes. Users of the Pro edition get the option to open multiple viewports, and to convert images or shape layers to contours, and to convert contours within shapes to sub-meshes. Updated 15 May 2025: Scene Group has released Cavalry 2.4. It’s a sizeable update, adding the option to write custom image-manipulation filters in SkSL, and save them as third-party plugins. SkSL, the shading language used by open-source 2D graphics library Skia, is a variant of GLSL, so code from sites like Shadertoy should work with “minor modifications”. The update also adds a new SLA shader for creating a range of animatable noise types. Text styling and .xslx import Other changes include new styling options in the Text Shape, making it possible to apply apply effects like underline, strikethrough and superscript to text.It is also now possible to import Excel .xslx files. Pro edition: use 2D meshes to deform images and shaders Users of the paid Pro edition also get the option to create 2D meshes to deform images or shaders by placing control vertices.When creating 2.5D animation, it is now possible to use a Camera Guide – a representation of the region of the scene visible to the camera – to drive its animation. For managing complex projects, a new Dependency Graph window provides an editable schematic view of a composition, replacing the old Flow Graph. Price and system requirements Cavalry 2.4 is available for Windows 10+ and macOS 12.0+. The full software is available rental-only, with Pro subscriptions costing £192/year (around $255/year). The free edition caps renders at full HD resolution, and lacks the advanced features in this table. Read a full list of new features in Cavalry in the online release notes Read an overview of original Cavalry 2.0 update on Scene Group’s blog Have your say on this story by following CG Channel on Facebook, Instagram and X (formerly Twitter). As well as being able to comment on stories, followers of our social media accounts can see videos we don’t post on the site itself, including making-ofs for the latest VFX movies, animations, games cinematics and motion graphics projects.

If you’ve ever wished your keyboard had a little more punch when it comes to entering numbers or shortcuts, you’re not alone. With many laptops and compact wireless keyboards ditching the numeric pad to save space, a separate numpad has become a must-have for power users, data crunchers, and anyone who loves a dedicated number row. But why settle for a boring add-on when you can bring a dash of fun and extra features to your desk? The KeysMe Lunar 02 Multifunctional Numpad Keyboard doesn’t just tick the basic boxes—it gives you tools and toys to play with. This isn’t your typical number pad; it’s a gadget that’s as festive as it is functional, designed for users who want a typing experience that stands out as much as it speeds things up. Whether you’re entering data, gaming, or getting creative, the Lunar 02 brings some serious flair. Designer: KeysMe Packed into its compact layout, the Lunar 02 offers a host of clever extras. There’s a mouse control joystick in the bottom left corner, a handy alternative for those moments when reaching for a mouse just interrupts your flow. A bright little lamp sits up top, ready to give your workspace some extra glow. RGB backlighting means you can set the mood however you like, and the small display screen is flanked by two control dials, perfect for quick adjustments during work or play. And when your brain needs a break? The optional rocket-ship fidget spinner perched on the keyboard is ready to launch your creativity. These flourishes aren’t just for show: they turn the numpad into the centerpiece of your setup, especially if you pair it with the matching KeysMe Lunar 01 keyboard for a dreamy, space-themed look. Connectivity is flexible, too. Choose from Bluetooth, wireless dongle, or good old-fashioned wired connection, depending on your preference or setup. Every key, every light effect, and every shortcut is programmable through KeysMe’s software, letting you tailor everything to fit your workflow perfectly. Swap in your favorite keycaps, numbers, or symbols for a truly personalized vibe. The best part is how easy it is to assemble or tweak the Lunar 02. Each component is designed for customization, so you can dial in the typing feel that suits you best. Some might find the built-in lamp or fidget spinner a little over the top, but for those who like their tech with a side of fun, the KeysMe Lunar 02 transforms the humble numpad into a desktop highlight. The post KeysMe Lunar 02 Numpad Keyboard Adds Playful Power to Your Workspace first appeared on Yanko Design.

Table of Contents1. Smoother Animations2. Expanded Color Palette3. Live Updates4. Enhanced Typography5. Awesome, Evolving VisualsLook for Android 16's Release in June Google I/O is days away, meaning a stable release of Android 16 is right around the corner. Naturally, Google hasn't revealed the upcoming operating system's full scope of updates and improvements, but it gave the world a glimpse via an Android Show: I/O Edition stream. The most eye-catching addition is Android 16's Material You interface overhaul, Material 3 Expressive, which will bring more customization options to Android phones than any Google OS before it. Here are the five features I'm itching to try when Android 16 releases in June.(Credit: Google)1. Smoother AnimationsThe first thing I noticed during the Android 16 reveal was the smooth, bouncy animations across the user interface. The UI elements tangibly interact with one another, so swiping a pill notification makes adjacent pills subtly react, too. These little interactions permeate the entire OS, popping up when you adjust the volume slider, dismiss apps, or perform other actions. They're satisfying to see in action, and they add a level of polish I haven't seen in previous Android versions, including the excellent Android 15. Oxygen OS on OnePlus smartphones is renowned for its superbly slick and smooth animations compared with the base Android OS (which OxygenOS is based on). Google appears to have taken inspiration from it by making eye-catching animation a core aspect of the Android 16 experience, and I'm very excited to get my hands on it.(Credit: Google)2. Expanded Color PaletteAndroid's color suggestions offer excellent customization options that let you mix and match elements on the Home and Lock screens. These suggestions are generally quite good, but their color schemes are notably muted. Material 3 Expressive eases off the desaturation by giving you a much more vibrant palette for personalizing the UI. However, Google is also updating the system to ensure a clearer distinction between primary, secondary, and tertiary tones, so a dark surface is paired with appropriately light text label colors, for example. This means you'll have more creative freedom to customize colors when Android 16 hits compatible phones later this year. (Credit: Google)3. Live UpdatesAndroid 16's Live Updates will make it easier to track real-time progress from apps like Google Maps or Uber Eats. It places an app's status alert in an easy-to-access pill at the top, similar in style to the Dynamic Island notification feature on iPhone 15 and newer Apple headsets. You can also pin Quick Settings and other controls to it for swifter access. Lastly, Notifications now feature a cool, subtle background blur effect that gives your phone's screen more depth, making it easier to navigate. Recommended by Our Editors(Credit: Google)4. Enhanced TypographyThis may sound initially underwhelming, but Material 3 Expressive is overhauling Android's typography by introducing new type styles to make the OS more legible and attractive. These updates are available to developers to utilize, which means you should see Android apps leveraging the visual options soon after Android 16 arrives. Of course, these changes also apply to Google's apps, so we should see the improvements as soon as Android 16 drops.(Credit: Google)5. Awesome, Evolving VisualsAs mentioned earlier, Material 3 Expressive introduces new animations that make the Android 16 experience far more polished than any OS update preceding it. A major factor in this is the motion physics system. The lively, energetic interactions are all heavily influenced by a spring system, which attributes values to motion behavior. They directly control damping, initial velocity, and stiffness, and can be used in a variety of situations, such as button effects, gestures, and transitions. This system creates a unified foundation for Android 16's visual components, but also gives developers the tools to customize apps and icons in a much more dynamic fashion. This means that these visual touches will only get better as Material 3 Expressive matures and developers adapt to the new tools. It's a promising new future for Android, at least visually. Look for Android 16's Release in JuneAndroid has stronger UI customization features than iOS, thanks to its Material You design language. Instead of a singular, standardized design, it gives you the tools to customize colors and visual elements on your Android device. These are just a few little details that caught my eye, but these changes add up to a big Android visual shift. Material 3 Expressive should roll out on Pixel devices later this year, following the stable Android 16 release in June.