Wikipedia is under threat from the AI boomChris Dorney / AlamyWikipedia is one of the greatest knowledge resources ever assembled, containing crowdsourced contributions from millions of humans worldwide and it faces a growing threat from artificial intelligence developers.The non-profit Wikimedia Foundation, which operates Wikipedia, says since January 2024 it has seen a 50 per cent increase in network traffic requesting image and video downloads from its catalogue. That surge mostly comes from automated data scraper programs, which developers use to collect training data for their AI models.

Traveling West embodied the United States 19th century expansionist tendencies. Traveling East might have been an appropriate tendency for early humans living in what is now Europe near the end of the Ice Age.A team of researchers describe how populations shifted in size, density, and region during the Final Paleolithic Period between 14,000 and 11,600, according to a study in PLOS ONE.The U.S. population transfer was driven by a search for wealth, particularly gold. The Ice Age movement may have had more to do with its inhabitants efforts to survive a changing climate, the study says.Early Human Population TrendsThe map shows population shifts from the south-western to the north-eastern Europe during the last cold phase of the Ice Age. (Image Credit: Isabell Schmidt, University of Cologne)To better understand Paleolithic population trends, a group of scientists combined two efforts. First, they created a database of all known archeological sites in Europe that covered the desired time period. Then they used a statistical tool called the "Cologne Protocol." The method enabled them to estimate population sizes and densities of prehistoric humans across different regions of Europe over time.Their analysis revealed a broad trend, as well as some smaller ones. The big picture showed populations increasing in north central Europe during the Final Paleolithic, followed by a plunge during the last cold period of the Ice Age. But the microtrends showed that select location remained stable or even grew slightly.Climate of the Final Paleolithic and Ice AgeThe climate differences between periods were pretty drastic. During the warmer period of the Final Paleolithic, humans continued to spread into northern and north-eastern central Europe. Then things got cold. Thats probably what prompted people to move. During the northern hemispheres climactic period known as the "Younger Dryas," the total population of Europe decreased by half, according to a press release.These observations probably reflect the eastward movement of people in response to the very abrupt and pronounced climatic cooling during the Younger Dryas, Isabell Schmidt, a University of Cologne archeologist and an author of the study, said in a press release. Humans during the Final Paleolithic apparently responded by migrating to more favorable areas.The researchers have studied other prehistory population declines, including during the late Gravettian (29,000 years to 25,000 years ago), when cooler temperatures cut the number of western and central European inhabitants by up to two-thirds. The study also represents a long-term human trend that persists to this day the constant search for a place with better weather.Read More: The Gravettian Culture that Survived an Ice AgeArticle SourcesOur writers at Discovermagazine.com use peer-reviewed studies and high-quality sources for our articles, and our editors review for scientific accuracy and editorial standards. Review the sources used below for this article:Before joining Discover Magazine, Paul Smaglik spent over 20 years as a science journalist, specializing in U.S. life science policy and global scientific career issues. He began his career in newspapers, but switched to scientific magazines. His work has appeared in publications including Science News, Science, Nature, and Scientific American.

The sounding rockets released vapor tracers and pressure sensors at different altitudes across central and northern Alaska during a sudden auroral substorm.

RTMaxon ZBrush Big news for #ZBrush users! Our Spring update brings major enhancements to both desktop & iPad. The highly anticipated ZModeler is now on iPad, revolutionizing box modeling! Plus, a fresh UI, Insert EdgeLoop snap, user presets & more! See more: https://maxonvfx.com/4iR3BN3

Photo Credit: Pixabay/tomatomicek How Bats Avoid Collisions During Mass Flight Using Echolocation: New Study Reveals Secrets HighlightsBats change their echolocation to avoid collisions in large groupsStudy in Israel reveals bats fanning out to reduce jamming effectStudy in Israel reveals bats fanning out to reduce jamming effectAdvertisementBats fly out of caves in large numbers every night. Even though they fly in huge numbers they do not collide. Scientists have observed this for years. The ability of bats to navigate without crashing remains an area of study. Many species rely on echolocation to sense their surroundings. They emit calls and listen to echoes. When many bats use echolocation at the same time, interference should occur. Scientists refer to this issue as jamming. This raises the question of why bats do not collide when leaving caves in large groups.How Bats Navigate Without CollisionsAccording to a study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers from Tel Aviv University examined greater mouse-tailed bats in Israel's Hula Valley. The study was conducted over two years. Small tracking devices were placed on multiple bats. These trackers recorded their locations and sounds. Some of these devices contained ultrasonic microphones. The mics were there to capture the auditory scene. Since bats were tagged outside the cave, data at the opening of the cave was not available. A computational model developed by Omer Mazar was used to simulate the missing data. This model recreated the entire sequence of bat emergence.Findings on Echolocation AdjustmentsAs per the findings, 94 percent of echolocations were jammed when bats exited the cave. Within five seconds, jamming decreased significantly. Two behavioral adjustments were noted. First, bats moved outward from the dense group while staying in formation. They changed their echolocation strategy. Calls became shorter, weaker, and at a higher frequency. Scientists expected bats to avoid jamming by dispersing. The change in frequency was unexpected.Reason Behind Echolocation ChangesOmer Mazar, a researcher involved in the study, explained this shift. He stated in an interview with Phys.org that bats prioritise detecting the nearest barrier. In this case, the obstacle is another bat. They did this by changing the method of echolocation. They gather precise information about their immediate surroundings. This reduces the risk of collisions For the latest tech news and reviews, follow Gadgets 360 on X, Facebook, WhatsApp, Threads and Google News. For the latest videos on gadgets and tech, subscribe to our YouTube channel. If you want to know everything about top influencers, follow our in-house Who'sThat360 on Instagram and YouTube. Gadgets 360 Staff The resident bot. If you email me, a human will respond. More Related Stories

neural networks. Neural networks are the foundation of deep learning. They consist of layers of interconnected neurons that aim to learn complex patterns that traditional machine learning cant pick up. The possibilities are endless with them.To implement it, well use PyTorch. When implementing deep learning, most people either use PyTorch or another library called TensorFlow.To start, we need to define our own r2_score as we are no longer using sklearn.def r2_score(y_true, y_pred): """ Calculate R^2 (coefficient of determination) score in PyTorch. Parameters: y_true (torch.Tensor): Actual target values y_pred (torch.Tensor): Predicted values Returns: torch.Tensor: R^2 score """ ss_total = torch.sum((y_true - torch.mean(y_true)) ** 2) # Total sum of squares ss_residual = torch.sum((y_true - y_pred) ** 2) # Residual sum of squares r2 = 1 - (ss_residual / ss_total) return r2Now, we must convert our datatype torch.tensor, so we can use PyTorch.X_train_tensor = torch.tensor(X_train, dtype=torch.float32)X_test_tensor = torch.tensor(X_test, dtype=torch.float32)y_train_tensor = torch.tensor(y_train, dtype=torch.float32).unsqueeze(dim=1)y_test_tensor = torch.tensor(y_test, dtype=torch.float32).unsqueeze(dim=1)Now, we can get to the actual neural network. We must first design the structure. Lets go with a very simply network that takes in 16 inputs, has one hidden layer of 32 neurons, and leads to one output (price).model_7 = nn.Sequential( nn.Linear(in_features=16, out_features=32), nn.ReLU(), nn.Linear(in_features=32, out_features=32), nn.ReLU(), nn.Linear(in_features=32, out_features=1))We must also define our optimization metric (MSE)loss_fn = nn.MSELoss()optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(params=model_7.parameters(), lr=0.1)Finally, we can train the model.epoch_count = []loss_values = []test_loss_values = []for epoch in range(epochs): model_7.train() y_pred = model_7(X_train_tensor) loss = loss_fn(y_pred, y_train_tensor) train_r2 = r2_score(y_true=y_train_tensor, y_pred=y_pred) optimizer.zero_grad() loss.backward() optimizer.step() model_7.eval() with torch.inference_mode(): y_pred = model_7(X_test_tensor) test_loss = loss_fn(y_pred, y_test_tensor) test_r2 = r2_score(y_true=y_test_tensor, y_pred=y_pred) if epoch % 10 == 0: print(f"Epoch: {epoch} | Train Loss: {loss.item()} | Train R2: {train_r2} | Test Loss: {test_loss.item()} | Test R2: {test_r2}") epoch_count.append(epoch) loss_values.append(loss) test_loss_values.append(test_loss)Its often helpful to plot the models loss curve to see how it learns, and when we should stop it.# Loss curvesplt.plot(epoch_count, np.array(torch.tensor(loss_values).numpy()), label="Train loss")plt.plot(epoch_count, test_loss_values, label="Test loss")plt.title('Training and test loss curves')plt.ylabel('Loss')plt.xlabel('Epochs')plt.legend()This shows that the model stops learning at around 300 epochs. With this in mind, lets retrain the model but only with 300 epochs.Note that we could (and often its best to) automatically stop the algorithm in the training loop, but for this project, lets keep it simple.Results (r2):Train 0.8200255036354065Test 0.722881555557251We could definitely optimize the network by adjusting the number of neurons and other techniques. However, I deem this unnecessary because weve already received a good result with the Gradient Boosting algorithm.

Nintendo formally unveiled Mario Kart WorldMario Kart 8successor has been a long one, its not going to drag on much longer.Mario Kart Worldwill release in June as a Switch 2 launch title, and ahead of its release, Nintendo isnt being stingy with the amount of gameplay footage it is showcasing.Hot on the heels of extensive gameplay showcased during Thursdays Treehouse livestream, Nintendo followed up today with more of the same. Close to 40 minutes of new gameplay footage have been revealed forMario Kart Worldin total, showing off more of its Grand Prix mode, some of the many tracks and characters that will be featured in the game, how it will incorporate GameChat features, and more. You can check out the gameplay below.Mario Kart Worldwill launch exclusively for the Nintendo Switch 2 on June 5. The game will be sold at a price of $79.99.

LAAOne Winged SlayerMemberOct 28, 20173,033"Now there's a lot of advancements that have been made in LCD technology during development," Sasaki explained."We took a look at the technology that was available to us now and after a lot of consideration we decided to stick to LCD."Click to expand...Click to shrink...Still disappointed they didn't go with OLED, I just see it as they're compromised the handheld experience at worst in an age where OLED is increasingly more common and HDR could have really shined with it, but I am eager to see it in person, hopefully it's still an impressive screen.https://www.ign.com/articles/ninten...een-for-switch-2-after-a-lot-of-consideration cartoon_soldierMemberOct 27, 20179,154The WorldThe consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.PankratousMemberOct 26, 201710,479cartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...Exactly.Red Kong XIXMemberOct 11, 202012,741cartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...Yup lolGruntyMemberOct 28, 20179,712Gruntildas Lair$450 isn't expensive enough? It would have been a lot more if it was OLED.VexiiBannedOct 31, 20172,954UKcartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...There are genuine factors, such as the cost and general lack of availability at scale of high-refresh rate VRR OLED screens compared to the much more mature LCD tech out there.That isn't to say the cynicism is misplaced though. An easy upsell path in the future is absolutely also a factor too.vantyMemberOct 26, 2017130I read that no OLEDs with the specs/features of the Switch 2 screen really exist yet. They do for phones, but not in the 1080p ~8 inch market of modern handheld systems.Fat4allWoke up, got a money tag, swears a lotBannedOct 25, 2017107,228herecartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...cash cashmoney moneySaint of KillersMemberOct 27, 20172,657cartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...Trying to explain it away any other way is insult atop injury.DunfishMemberOct 29, 20171,454I would have been far happier at $499 OLED, $399 LCD. RPGsandFGCsMemberJun 30, 2024616CaliforniaYa'll think the console is expensive now, imagine it with a 8" 1080p 120Hz HDR VRR OLED screen. If Nintendo could even source one with those specs.SkotMemberOct 30, 2017597vanty said:I read that no OLEDs with the specs/features of the Switch 2 screen really exist yet. They do for phones, but not in the 1080p ~8 inch market of modern handheld systems.Click to expand...Click to shrink...This imo. And those niche manufactured ones would have pushed the price up even higher. I'm happy with LCD as long as it's good quality.cw_sasukeMemberOct 27, 201729,483cartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...It probably was about the price of the screen if they still needed to hit the other boxes in terms of size/resolution/120hz/VRR.MeelowUncle Works at NintendoMemberOct 31, 20179,811Nintendo could have done OLED and had this be a $550 price, I'm fine with LCD.And plus, from what I read, doesn't HDR have issues with OLED screens?DECKARDCreator of WormsVerifiedNov 26, 20176,927UKScreen looks great anyway, they didn't cheap out so I'm not bothered.I'll take OLED in a few years along with shrinking the chip for better battery life.SanTheSlyThe San Symphony ProjectMemberSep 2, 20197,960United Kingdomafter after.But yeah, whilst there will eventually be an OLED model, LCD keeps the launch price down - and people seem to really like the PS Portal's LCD panel. What are press impressions saying about the screen quality?Personally not bothered about OLED because of the price difference, burn in potential and the fact I mostly play docked anyway.People that are THIS upset by LCD panels should just vote with their wallet.LewiePMemberOct 26, 201719,530Probably more logical to do a 120hz VRR LCD, and later a OLED variant, rather than a 60hz OLED and later a 120hz VRR OLED.AnanasasMemberJul 11, 20182,932Meelow said:Nintendo could have done OLED and had this be a $550 price, I'm fine with LCD.And plus, from what I read, doesn't HDR have issues with OLED screens?Click to expand...Click to shrink...it doesn't, it's just hard to hit 1000nits full screen, but even LCD won't do it I am 100%ApolloCorrupted by VengeanceAvengerOct 25, 20179,745cartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...All there is to it lolRPGsandFGCsMemberJun 30, 2024616CaliforniaSanTheSly said:after after.But yeah, whilst there will eventually be an OLED model, LCD keeps the launch price down - and people seem to really like the PS Portal's LCD panel. What are press impressions saying about the screen quality?Click to expand...Click to shrink...All the impressions from the hands-on videos I've seen have been very positive, even from self-described OLED lovers. Mr.DeadshotMemberOct 27, 201722,688cartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...I am sure that meeting was over in 5 minutes. Nintendo knows their user base.DevilMemberOct 25, 20173,151Meelow said:And plus, from what I read, doesn't HDR have issues with OLED screens?Click to expand...Click to shrink...No, why would it? The majority of the highend TV segment are OLED models, this wouldn't be the case if HDR was a problem with that technology.GHOSTDEATHMemberOct 27, 2017145People crying about the prices but at the same time wants OLED instead of LCD LMAOThe quality of the LCD will be enough for at least 80% of the players, good choice for me, the priority was the power and the priceThe console price is fine for a lot of players, the only thing lacking is a Vouchers programs or Gold Points but they said to be patient maybe things will be announced.Mario Kart price for me is not a problem because pack and because i suspect the game have A LOT of circuits and will be updated during the next years.MeelowUncle Works at NintendoMemberOct 31, 20179,811Devil said:No, why would it? The majority of the highend TV segment are OLED models, this wouldn't be the case if HDR was a problem with that technology.Click to expand...Click to shrink...I could be wrong on that, it might have been something else that might be an issue with OLED.artsiMemberOct 26, 20173,332FinlandI'm fine with LCD to have 120hz and keep costs lower, my iPad Pro has a great screen to consume media.RicelordAvengerOct 25, 20176,814cartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...Pretty much.GHOSTDEATHMemberOct 27, 2017145DECK'ARD said:Screen looks great anyway, they didn't cheap out so I'm not bothered.I'll take OLED in a few years along with shrinking the chip for better battery life.Click to expand...Click to shrink...It's a very good LCD no doubt about that, better that my hopes!RPGsandFGCsMemberJun 30, 2024616CaliforniaMeelow said:I could be wrong on that, it might have been something else that might be an issue with OLED.Click to expand...Click to shrink...What you're likely thinking of, at least if it's HDR, is that they don't sustain their peak brightness as well as LCD. Which is true, but not much of a concern for a handheld like this.Either that or your thinking of the burn-in risk.NecromantiMemberOct 25, 201712,656Devil said:No, why would it? The majority of the highend TV segment are OLED models, this wouldn't be the case if HDR was a problem with that technology.Click to expand...Click to shrink...Yeah, it's the other way around, IMO.Flame LordMemberOct 26, 20173,501I'm surprised they didn't just... Have a second SKU for $50 extra, the first one proved people would go for it. GruntyMemberOct 28, 20179,712Gruntildas LairGHOSTDEATH said:People crying about the prices but at the same time wants OLED instead of LCD LMAOThe quality of the LCD will be enough for at least 80% of the players, good choice for me, the priority was the power and the priceThe console price is fine for a lot of players, the only thing lacking is a Vouchers programs or Gold Points but they said to be patient maybe things will be announced.Mario Kart price for me is not a problem because pack and because i suspect the game have A LOT of circuits and will be updated during the next years.Click to expand...Click to shrink...Yeah I'm sure Mario Kart will receive a lot of circuits in the future for a price.XaterMemberOct 26, 20179,649Germanycartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...And probs my because it would have made th console even more expensive.cowbananaMemberFeb 2, 201816,086a Socialist UtopiaMeelow said:And plus, from what I read, doesn't HDR have issues with OLED screens?Click to expand...Click to shrink...Deep issues, like being vastly superior :)MeelowUncle Works at NintendoMemberOct 31, 20179,811RPGsandFGCs said:What you're likely thinking of, at least if it's HDR, is that they don't sustain their peak brightness as well as LCD. Which is true, but not much of a concern for a handheld like this.Either that or your thinking of the burn-in risk.Click to expand...Click to shrink...I'm honestly not the best spec guy, so I could have been wrong. I just remember seeing people mention, "X has an issue with OLED".LotusOne Winged SlayerMemberOct 25, 2017121,996Ultimately fine by me, they nailed literally everything else, and the impressions show the screen it does have ain't no slouchMaybe I won't even bother with upgrading later on, only reason it happened the first time was due to a very good trade in deal. We'll seeNecron Legend MemberOct 25, 20179,621Switzerlandcartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...BingoZeoVGMMemberOct 25, 201783,734Providence, RIFlame Lord said:I'm surprised they didn't just... Have a second SKU for $50 extra, the first one proved people would go for it.Click to expand...Click to shrink...It would not have been a $50 difference.SuperStudied the Buster SwordMemberJan 29, 202213,356cartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink....CivilstrifeMemberOct 27, 20172,363I hate to say it, but it was probably the right choice. An OLED can be dropped in fairly easily into a midgen refresh.But dropping in 120hz and VRR at that point would create a lot of work for developers to patch their games to support it.If they had to choose between these features and OLED, then locking in 120hz and VRR as part of the base spec from launch was the way to go.ConflictResolverMemberJan 1, 20243,896MidgarI wonder what type of LCD screen it is. Is the HDR more for the TV output than the handheld screen? kakteenMemberApr 9, 2024802I got a bravia 9, so as long it is vibrant I will not mind lolJarmelThe Jackrabbit Always WinsMemberOct 25, 201722,262New YorkIf the screen is mini-led then fine, that's an acceptable alternative to OLED. Edge lit LCD though? hahaha noI'll wait and see for some detailed screen analysis eventually.EmergencyPastaMemberAug 17, 20222,353Apollo said:All there is to it lolClick to expand...Click to shrink...yep youve solved it, they had a bunch of 120hz 1080p HDR OLED screens cheap and ready to roll and said nahamaraMemberNov 23, 20215,372If the decision was between a 120hz LCD and 60hz OLED, I'd take the 120hz display as well.HarmenMemberAug 30, 20231,252Does anyone know how the HDR here works? Is it actual HDR or just how cheap gaming monitors handle it aka not really HDR. I assume it has no local dimming or anything? Or even old school edge lit or something?darkwingCorrupted by VengeanceMemberOct 25, 201717,497cartoon_soldier said:The consideration was to sell Switch 2 OLED in 4 years to Switch 2 owners.Click to expand...Click to shrink...yeah, I'll waitDynoAVALANCHEThe FallenOct 25, 201716,440Works for me. I don't really fancy paying extra for an Oled I'll likely never look atnsilviasMemberOct 25, 201729,331really good lcds are dirt cheap now so i get it.ClefargleOne Winged SlayerMemberOct 25, 201714,992LimburgGHOSTDEATH said:People crying about the prices but at the same time wants OLED instead of LCD LMAOClick to expand...Click to shrink...lmao yuuupwonzoMemberOct 25, 20171,769the hdr means its probably miniled

Far Cry 4 players on Steam were surprised to find a prominent nude scene in the game censored on April 3, but Ubisoft has already rolled back what one spokesperson is calling unintended changes.The issue was first brought to light on Reddit, where a user of the official Far Cry subreddit shared a screenshot of a normally bare-chested, female NPC in Far Cry 4 wearing significantly more clothing. The posts confusion as to why Ubisoft would decide to censor the game more than 10 years post-release was followed by a separate comment, further noting the inclusion of a loincloth placed over protagonist Ajays crotch in a brief scene where he previously hung dong.While folks were quick to blame Ubisofts recent $1.3 billion investment from Chinese conglomerate Tencent for the change due to the countrys heavy-handed censorship policies, it turns out the whole thing was one big mistake. Ubisoft community developer Patricia Brochu-Gagn braved the increasingly hostile Reddit thread to explain as much on April 4, saying that a recent update accidentally added existing content from the nudity-free Japanese version of the game to the worldwide version.The team has already resolved the issue by re-uploading the correct data to the [worldwide] depot on Steam, Brochu-Gagn said, adding that Ubisoft has no plans to censor Far Cry. This was simply an error tied to a specific regional build, and its now been corrected.Ubisoft has lately become something of a punching bag among too-online gamers due to, in part, including a Black man as one of the playable characters in Assassins Creed Shadows. Some still believe this short-lived moment of censorship was intentional and was only walked back after the backlash. In any case, we can all breathe a sigh of relief knowing Far Cry 4s nudity has been restored and is just as gratuitous as it always was.