Cold and distant New study: There are lots of icy super-Earths "Microlensing" lets us find planets at much greater distances from their star. John Timmer – Apr 25, 2025 5:06 pm | 10 Credit: Harvard-Smithsonian,Center for Astrophysics/D. A. Aguilar Story text Size Small Standard Large Width * Standard Wide Links Standard Orange * Subscribers only   Learn more What does the "typical" exosolar system look like? We know it's not likely to look like our own Solar System, given that our familiar planets don't include entire classes of planets (Hot Jupiters! Mini-Neptunes!) that we've found elsewhere. And our discovery methods have been heavily biased toward planets that orbit close to their host star, so we don't really have a strong sense of what might be lurking in more distant orbits. A new study released on Thursday describes a search for what are called "microlensing" events, where a planet acts as a gravitational lens that magnifies the star it's orbiting, causing it to brighten briefly. These events are difficult to capture, but can potentially indicate the presence of planets in more distant orbits. The researchers behind the new work find indications that there's a significant population of rocky super-Earths that are traveling in orbits similar to that of Jupiter and Saturn. Lenses go micro The two primary methods we've used to discover exoplanets are called transit and radial velocity. In the transit method, we simply watch the star for dips in the light it sends to Earth, which can be an indication of a planet orbiting in a way that it eclipses a small fraction of the star. For radial velocity, we look for red- or blue-shifts in the light received from the star, caused by a planet tugging the star in different directions as it orbits. Obviously, a planet's gravitational influence is stronger when it's closer to the host star. And stars can temporarily dim for all sorts of reasons, so we've generally set a standard for discovery that involves observing multiple transits. That, in turn, means a shorter orbital period, and so also biases us toward discovering planets that are close to their host star. As a result, most of what we know about exosolar systems comes from planets that are far closer to their host star than Earth is to the Sun. Even the most distant object discovered by the Kepler mission orbits is only about as distant as Mars. Looking at this another way, if we'd known of a star with a planet that took as long as Jupiter to orbit, and started observations back in the mid-1990s, when the first exoplanets were discovered, there's a good chance we'd only have observed three transits so far. For something out in the neighborhood of Neptune, the odds are that we'd not have seen any. Microlensing can be thought of as a bit like the inverse of a transit event, in that gravitational lensing will cause a star to appear brighter. These are difficult to detect partly because the magnitude of the brightening is relatively small, and because it can last for as little as a few hours. If a microlensing event happens during daytime or on a cloudy day, you miss it if you're not observing from space. The other challenge with microlensing is that it doesn't tell you much about the planet itself. Transit methods give us a sense of the size of the planet, while radial velocity sets limits on the planet's mass. Microlensing only tells us the ratio of the mass of the planet to the mass of the star. Unless we can get a good picture of the star's mass, it's not especially informative. Earth-like planet, Saturn-like orbit The team behind the new publication relied on the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network, which has access to widely spaced telescopes spread around the globe. This reduces the chance of missing an event because of bad timing or weather. The new paper is both the description of a one of the microlensing events it captured, as well as an attempt to understand the big picture using all of the potential planetary discoveries the network has made so far. The microlensing event described here, OGLE-2016-BLG-0007, was first reported by another similar effort (the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment, or OGLE), but was also picked up by the Korean network. It was identified as part of a longer microlensing event where one star was creating a lens that brightened a second star. Amid that gradual, multi-month brightening, there was a small bump in the light. There are several ways to potentially explain that smaller bump (a third star, a very large planet in a very close orbit), but most of them are highly improbable. The only thing that makes sense is a planet orbiting at a considerable distance from its host star. From there, we get into the issue of figuring out what that planet might look like. The ratio of the masses of the planet to its host star is roughly twice that of the Earth to the Sun. But there is no good imaging of the host star available, so we don't know how massive it is. Based on the fact that the typical star in the Milky Way is considerably smaller than the Sun, the researchers assume a red dwarf, which produces a planet with a mass about 1.3 times that of Earth. Given those numbers, the best fit for microlensing data is an orbit about 10 times wider than the Earth's. That means a super-Earth with an orbital distance roughly that of Saturn's. Not alone To get a better sense of how typical this is, the researchers run through all the data obtained with the Korean telescope network, which has identified a bit over 60 likely exoplanets so far. Their analysis of the planet:star mass ratios suggests that there are likely to be a lot of planets similar to this one in orbits that keep them distant from their host stars. Separately, there seems to be a second population of planets that are considerably larger, assuming the stars they orbit are typical of the Milky Way's population. These two populations are consistent with what we currently view as the typical planet formation process. In this view, rocky planets can grow up to a certain point, after which they become large enough to rapidly pull in gas and other materials nearby, quickly growing to gas giants. The two populations found here would be separated by the gap between the largest planets that failed to start a runaway gas accretion, and those that did begin the process and grew into gas giants. If that's correct, then the microlensing data also implies that there's a large population of rocky planets, including many super-Earths, in orbits similar to Jupiter's and beyond, which would ensure they're perpetually icy. That's something that's completely absent in our own Solar System, where the rocky planets end with Mars. It's important to be cautious about this. The total number of planets discovered through microlensing remains small, and there are significant uncertainties in what we can learn about planetary masses using it. At the moment, this method accounts for most of the planets in more distant orbits. Still, if this pattern holds up as we gradually increase our knowledge of more distant planets, then it will be one more bit of evidence that we live in a rather unusual solar system. Science, 2025. DOI: 10.1126/science.adn6088  (About DOIs). John Timmer Senior Science Editor John Timmer Senior Science Editor John is Ars Technica's science editor. He has a Bachelor of Arts in Biochemistry from Columbia University, and a Ph.D. in Molecular and Cell Biology from the University of California, Berkeley. When physically separated from his keyboard, he tends to seek out a bicycle, or a scenic location for communing with his hiking boots. 10 Comments

Julie Beckham taught her kids about the true cost of college. designer491/Getty Images 2025-04-26T16:17:02Z Save Saved Read in app This story is available exclusively to Business Insider subscribers. Become an Insider and start reading now. Have an account? Julie Beckham is a financial educator and mom of two. Her daughter is a high school senior, and her son is about to graduate from college. She's had honest conversations about the cost of college since they were young. This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with Julie Beckham, assistant vice president of financial education and development and strategy officer at Rockland Trust Bank. It has been edited for length and clarity.I grew up in a middle-class family and was lucky to have my parents pay for my education at New York University. NYU was still expensive back in the 1990s, but it was the type of expensive that a middle-class family could still afford with a moderate amount of sacrifice.Today, as a financial educator, I still consider myself middle class, but there's no way I could pay the entire cost of college education for my two kids, who are 18 and 21. That's true for many families, thanks to the skyrocketing cost of college.Because of that, I've been very intentional about talking with my kids about paying for college — from the time they started high school.Here's how we've planned together to manage the cost.Choose more affordable schoolsSchools with a lower profile yet more affordable tuition can offer a better return on investment for many families. Getting kids to consider these can be tricky since colleges are so good at marketing. Sometimes, going to a "name brand" school is less about the degree and more about the swag.Ask your kids what they love about a well-known school. Then, provide alternatives that have that same characteristic, at a lower price point. Boston College is popular near where I live because of its football culture, but the same vibe can be found elsewhere for a much lower price.I've told my kids to consider schools that may not be well-known or have all the swag but are nonetheless special. These schools can give talented students more financial aid and a chance to stand out. Please help BI improve our Business, Tech, and Innovation coverage by sharing a bit about your role — it will help us tailor content that matters most to people like you. What is your job title? (1 of 2) Entry level position Project manager Management Senior management Executive management Student Self-employed Retired Other What products or services can you approve for purchase in your role? (2 of 2) Advertising / Marketing Client / Account Management Company strategy HR / Training / Office support Managing budgets IT / Telecoms / Tech Recruiting new employees Sales Software development Financial Other None of the above By providing this information, you agree that Business Insider may use this data to improve your site experience and for targeted advertising. By continuing you agree that you accept the Terms of Service and Privacy Policy . Thanks for sharing insights about your role. Understand what you can afford, and tell your kidsAs my kids approached college age, their dad and I talked about the amount that we could afford to pay toward their education. It's based on what works for each of our budgets.My kids are expected to pay the difference between the cost of their college and what we're able to cover as their parents.I recommend parents be very honest about what they can afford, so students can decide whether they're willing to take on student loan debt to cover other costs.Ditch the guilt about what you can't coverSometimes I feel guilty that I can't pay for their whole education. But this is my reality and what I can reasonably afford.Although I'm a financial educator, I didn't have the means to start saving for college until my kids were in their teens. When I did, it was very simple: transferring a small portion of each paycheck to a savings account I named "college." It wasn't a 529 college savings plan, it wasn't a lot of money, and it wasn't very sophisticated, but it was a start.It's easy to criticize ourselves as parents, but we need to acknowledge we're often doing the best we can for our kids.Apply for grants and scholarshipsSmall grants and scholarships might seem insignificant against the huge bill for college, but they add up. You think $500 isn't going to make a dent, but when you're paying $80 for a book, you realize $500 can be helpful.I helped my kids apply by researching opportunities, reminding them of deadlines, and encouraging them to work on applications. Sometimes they weren't happy to write another essay, but I reminded them it would take an hour and they could get hundreds of dollars.Ask for more financial aidOnce you've applied to schools and received your financial aid packages, you might notice significant differences in how much aid your student gets from each school. If that's the case, you can ask a school to match what a comparable school has provided.I've tried this twice. Once, I called the financial aid office, and they said they couldn't make changes. But another time, I was asked to email the other offer, and they'd see if they could adjust the financial aid package. It never hurts to ask.Consider graduating earlyMy son is about to graduate from college a year early, which is a huge savings for our family. He did it by taking advanced placement (AP) classes in high school and earning a few extra credits during college. It was hard work, but it will likely save our family thousands of dollars.College brings up a lot of feelings for parents and kids. There's so much pressure to get this step right. It's helpful to remember that this is just the first of many steps. Although it feels important, it's the decisions we make every day that really impact our lives. Recommended video

Hazbin Hotel and Helluva Boss are coming to Prime Video with more seasons and potential crossovers.

K-Town Commercial and Office Space / Steven Fong ArchitectSave this picture!© Scott Norsworthy•Toronto, Canada Architects: Steven Fong Architect Area Area of this architecture project Area:  3000 ft² Year Completion year of this architecture project Year:  2024 Photographs Photographs:Scott Norsworthy, Rémi Carreiro Photography Manufacturers Brands with products used in this architecture project Manufacturers:  LOVEWOOD, Vicwest Lead Architect: Steven Fong More SpecsLess Specs Save this picture! Text description provided by the architects. K-Town offers an architectural solution to the financial precariousness of small businesses in diasporic communities. You know those kinds of small businesses, where little restaurants, or little retail stores, with store frontages that are about 4.5 metres (15 feet), sometimes with a couple of storeys above them and other times with nothing above them. There are perhaps a dozen diaspora communities in Toronto, and so we thought this is applicable to Koreatown, but is also applicable to any of these communities, as well as many low-rise main streets in Toronto that are adjacent to residential neighbourhoods.Save this picture!Save this picture!Save this picture!These communities share some of the same problems: they are like landing pads to people who have come to Canada recently. The small storefronts are economic tools for immigrants to start a business and get a financial foothold. But increasingly, these small independent storefronts are becoming unviable. And we asked: Is there an architectural solution to this? Is there a way that we could make things better, so that the landlords and the small business owners could have a greater chance at success? Our project is very much based on that.Save this picture!Save this picture!We began by trying to figure out a way to maximize the leasable space. We noticed that the second and third stories on a lot of these buildings are unused because they're too dilapidated. And looked at some of these stores and restaurants, and we noticed that a lot of them are not attuned to what we call the "experience economy", that to create a value-added product, you have to offer consumers an experience. Our design is comprised of a renovation with a better-quality retail space and upper floors that have good-quality residential amenities, including private outdoor spaces. We aimed to mirror the value of a good-quality condominium. And lastly, even though this was pre-COVID, we thought about the notion of a contemporary, flexible space that could be used for Airbnb or co-working, or live/work. Consequently, our building has been outfitted so that it could be used in a variety of ways.Save this picture!Save this picture!One of the things we noticed about the City of Toronto's official plan is that it tends to imagine that its actions are about permanent and fixed outcomes, and that it is also based on a notion of rational urban planning. And what we found in the diaspora communities is that a lot of these things are not so rational. They're about people who are trying to do something in the vein of self-determination. They're not thinking in terms of fixed and permanent solutions. Rather, these spaces are temporal solutions. And so this issue of urbanism is perhaps a temporal practice that should be discussed. How do we think about cities, not simply as the final, end game building that's put there, but also as a series of temporal stages that can be adapted as needed?Save this picture!With a hospitality venture on the ground floor that is a coffee shop by day and a bar by night, and with both a leasable office and a residence on the second and third floors, we have created a proof of concept. There is an agency for entrepreneurship, which is about social purpose and social good, and there's potentially a model that can be replicated in other parts of the city.Save this picture! Project gallerySee allShow less About this officeSteven Fong ArchitectOffice••• MaterialSteelMaterials and TagsPublished on April 26, 2025Cite: "K-Town Commercial and Office Space / Steven Fong Architect" 26 Apr 2025. ArchDaily. Accessed . <https://www.archdaily.com/1027755/k-town-commercial-and-office-space-steven-fong-architect&gt ISSN 0719-8884Save世界上最受欢迎的建筑网站现已推出你的母语版本!想浏览ArchDaily中国吗?是否 You've started following your first account!Did you know?You'll now receive updates based on what you follow! Personalize your stream and start following your favorite authors, offices and users.Go to my stream

Join me in this requested tutorial where I show you how to create a stunning vortex particle effect using both sprite and mesh techniques in Unreal Engine 5. Perfect for game developers looking to enhance their projects!#UnrealEngine #NiagaraTutorial #GameDevelopment #ParticleEffects #SlimeRancher

Many adults can remember the days when their screen time was limited to Saturday morning cartoons, as well as their class’s weekly visit to the computer lab to play Oregon Trail. It was a quick half-hour of fatigued oxen, snakebites, and surprise bouts of dysentery.Over the past few decades, screen time has expanded from an occasional treat to a full-day affair. People of all ages stare at screens for work, school, and entertainment. Within the last two decades, scientists have increasingly studied the impact of screen time on the brain.But what happens when a person steps away from their screen? Researchers are discovering what happens neurologically when a person goes on a digital detox.Scanning the Impact of ScreensTo learn more about how a person’s brain benefits from reduced screen time, scientists have been studying how phones, tablets, and TVs affect a person’s cognitive functioning. Technologies like functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are helping researchers identify differences in people who spend a lot of time or a little time in front of screens. In a 2018 study in Acta Paediatrica, scientists used fMRI to study functional connectivity in 19 kids aged 8 to 12. Prior to the study, the parents completed questionnaires on how much screen time their children had each day, as well as time spent independently reading.When the kids were in the fMRI, they were in a resting state, not actively looking at screens or books. The researchers were interested in the level of connectivity in the parts of the brain associated with language and literacy. They found that older kids who spent more time in front of their screens had lower connectivity in these regions than kids who read more.Similarly, a 2023 study in Child Neuropsychology collected resting-state fMRI data from kids aged 8 to 12 to learn about screen time and its impact on the regions of the brain related to attention and cognitive control. The study found that the more screen time a kid had, the less connectivity they had in these neural networks.Researchers are also turning to diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), a type of MRI that is able to visualize white matter. In a 2020 study in JAMA Pediatrics, researchers used DTI to examine the white brain matter in the regions supporting language and pre-literacy in preschool-age children. The study found that children who had more than one hour of screen time per day had lower myelination in white matter tracts – meaning they had slower neural signaling.Adults aren’t immune to the impact of screen time, either. For young adults ages 18 to 25, studies have found higher levels of screen time associated with addiction, lower self-esteem, mental health issues, and slower learning. A Digital Detox for the BrainResearchers have been able to measure what happens to a child or young adult’s brain when they step away from their screens and into the fMRI machine. But what is happening in the brain when a person is deep into their phone? And how is that different than when they are reading a book?In a 2025 study in Developmental Science, a team of researchers set out to measure brain functioning in study participants while they engaged in either a screen-related or book-based activity.“That is why our study is so exciting, because it’s the first study to actually compare how children’s brains are functioning during screen time compared to shared book reading,” says Meredith Pecukonis, the study’s lead author and a postdoctoral research fellow at the Massachusetts General Hospital Lurie Center for Autism in Lexington, Massachusetts.The team recruited 28 kids ages 3 to 6, and then had them prepare to wear the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) cap. As many parents can attest, during winter, getting a small child to wear a hat can be impossible. Thus, getting a child to wear a cap attached to probes and wires requires some finessing. Pecukonis’ team gave the children practice caps that had lights and rainbow strings. The kids put the cap on themselves, their parents, and stuffed animals.  “Once we were able to determine that the child was comfortable wearing the practice cap, we would move on to putting on the real cap,” Pecukonis says.With the real cap in place, children listened to a story being read by a member of the research team while they followed along in a book with matching words and pictures. For the screen time condition, the little participants listened to an audio recording of a story while looking at words and pictures on a screen.Both conditions involved a story being read, accompanied by pictures and words. One might think, same diff, but the study found the brain activation was distinct.  During the book reading, the right temporal parietal junction was activated, but this did not happen during the screen time condition.“Given that we saw that this region of the brain was active during shared book reading, but not during screen time, suggests that children were more engaged in these social cognitive processes during shared book reading,” Pecukonis says.  “This region of the brain is also involved in attention more generally, and so it could be that children were just more attentive during shared book reading.”Digital DietsFor parents worried about the impact of screen time on their child’s development, Pecukonis recommends following the guidelines set by the American Academy of Pediatrics: No screen time for children ages two and younger, and no more than one hour a day for kids ages three to five.But Pecukonis also acknowledges that life can get in the way, and a bit of Baby Shark can give parents a moment to fold a basket of laundry or cook dinner. When possible, she recommends co-viewing with the child. Keep an ear out, ask questions about the show, and the emotional states of the characters. Talk about the program after it’s over and apply it to real life.“[...] Co-viewing should be used to promote learning and social interaction whenever possible,” she says.Article SourcesOur writers at Discovermagazine.com use peer-reviewed studies and high-quality sources for our articles, and our editors review for scientific accuracy and editorial standards. Review the sources used below for this article:Developmental Science. Do Children's Brains Function Differently During Book Reading and Screen Time? A fNIRS StudyAmerican Academy of Pediatrics. Media and Young MindsEmilie Lucchesi has written for some of the country's largest newspapers, including The New York Times, Chicago Tribune and Los Angeles Times. She holds a bachelor's degree in journalism from the University of Missouri and an MA from DePaul University. She also holds a Ph.D. in communication from the University of Illinois-Chicago with an emphasis on media framing, message construction and stigma communication. Emilie has authored three nonfiction books. Her third, A Light in the Dark: Surviving More Than Ted Bundy, releases October 3, 2023, from Chicago Review Press and is co-authored with survivor Kathy Kleiner Rubin.

Get the Popular Science daily newsletter💡 In the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest of Uganda, two young gorillas playfully taunt each other during a game of chase. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed mountain gorillas as endangered since 2018, but conservation efforts have brought hope for the species. The gorillas are the only great ape species whose population is growing. The balance of cautious hope and realistic awareness is at the center of the celebrated Remembering Wildlife photography book series. Since launching in 2016 with Remembering Elephants, the collection has raised awareness and funds to support endangered animals. In October, the series will release 10 Years of Remembering Wildlife, the first multi-species book in the series. ‘Gama, the beach huntress’ “Gama, a desert adapted lioness and part of a small group of lions that have learned to navigate this unforgiving landscape, venturing to the ocean’s edge to hunt seals. in a place where survival is a constant battle, Gama embodies the resilience and adaptability of nature’s most elusive predators.”Species: LionessCredit: Griet Van Malderen / Remembering Wildlife The new book will feature 20 stunning wildlife images (seen here on Popular Science) selected from 4,500 entries alongside photographs from previous editions. “Remembering Wildlife exists to raise awareness of the plight facing wildlife, as well as funds to protect species at risk,” a statement reads. “More than 55,000 books have been sold worldwide since its first title, Remembering Elephants, was published in 2016. All profits from the books go to conservation and more than £1.2m GBP/$1.55m USD has been donated to 79 projects in 34 countries.” ‘Clash of Titans’ Illegal poaching of rhinos for their horns means they remain under huge threat. Remembering Wildlife has donated funds to several rhino protection units and conservation projects, helping to provide smart phones fitted with cameras and GPS systems, fuel for patrol vehicles and clothing for rangers.Species: RhinosCredit: Alessandro Marena / Remembering Wildlife ‘A Touching Moment’ “A young Asian Elephant calf asking for a drink, as mother drinks water from Ramganga river, during hot summer afternoon.”Species: ElephantsCredit: Jagdeep Rajput / Remembering Wildlife @Jagdeep Rajput ‘Age of Innocence’ “Baffin Island is one of the most majestic & pristine environments in the world to see polar bears, especially in March & April when the sea ice has frozen. However, with temperatures between-30 to -40 it is also one of the most challenging to ensure you keep your hands warm to press the shutter. We had spent most of the morning & part of the afternoon with this mother & her COYS (Cubs of the year) which were likely a week or so out of their den. However, just as they were settled the mother got spooked & she & the cubs ran off towards a nearby iceberg. We set off to see if we could spot them & when we got to this iceberg I couldn’t believe my eyes. The mother & cubs were huddled together on top of the iceberg. To witness such intimate moments, such as this one, between the cubs whilst their mother sleeps is something that is a once in a lifetime sighting.”Species: Polar bearsCredit: Julie Oldroyd / Remembering Wildlife ‘In the Arms of Eternity: A Mother’s Timeless Promise’ “A mountain gorilla mother cradles her infant – a portrait of tenderness etched in shadows and light. Here, where Dian Fossey’s legacy still whispers through the bamboo, every touch is a lesson, every gaze a vow. Her quiet strength shields not just her child, but the fragile future of species reborn from the brink.”Species: Mountain Gorilla and her babyCredit: Kim Paffen / Remembering Wildlife Kim Paffen ‘Tiger reflection’ Weighing up to 260kg and measuring up to 3 metres in length, the tiger is the largest of the big cats. It is found in Asia, from India – where two-thirds of all wild tigers live – through to the Russian Far East and into China.Species: TigerCredit: Bircan Harper / Remembering Wildlife BIRCAN HARPER ‘Mbili bora in the rain’  “The famous coalition of 5 cheetahs that ruled the Masai Mara, during a storm.”  Species: CheetahsCredit: Xavier Ortega / Remembering Wildlife ‘Cold Callers Welcome’  “Sloth Bear making use of an abandoned building.”Species: Sloth bearCredit: Mark Meth-Cohn / Remembering Wildlife ‘Thirst’ Remembering Wildlife supports several elephant conservation projects in Kenya, including the funding of ‘bee fences’, an effective elephant deterrent that landowners can install (elephants hate bees); and anti-poaching teams.Species: ElephantCredit: Tom Way / Remembering Wildlife ‘Enjoying the sunrise’ Margot Raggett MBE, founder and producer of Remembering Wildlife said: “It’s an oft-quoted fact that there are more tigers in captivity in the U.S. than there are left in the world, a stark reminder of how the future of tigers might end if conservationists do not continue their focus and their fight. Tigers are a bellwether for the health of an ecosystem. For every tiger protected in the forest, there are plants, trees, insects, birds and other mammals who thrive.”Species: TigersCredit: Mark Meth-Cohn / Remembering Wildlife ‘Puppy love’ Projects that Remembering Wildlife supports include vaccinating domestic dogs to help prevent the spread of rabies to African wild dogs; GPS collars to track their movements and even helped facilitate the translocation of 14 African wild dogs from South Africa and Mozambique to Liwonde National Park and Majete Wildlife Reserve, in a historic project to reintroduce this endangered species to Malawi. Since the successful translocation, pups have been born.Species: African Wild Dog puppiesCredit: Marcus Westberg / Remembering Wildlife ‘Fire of Creation’ “Instead of focusing on the negative aspects of rhino poaching – much of Botswana’s rhino population was wiped out during the covid-related absence of tourists – I wanted to create an image that conveyed a sense of hope – a new beginning almost – as if these were the first rhinos being forged in a fire of creation. Having waited at a waterhole in the hope that these rhino would come to drink, I positioned myself on the route I anticipated they would exit in order to shoot into the sun. The effect of the backlit dust, which created a blurred shadow image, added to the ethereal effect.”   Species: RhinosCredit: James Gifford / Remembering Wildlife James Gifford ‘Carried Away’ “A lioness carries one of her two little ones to a new hiding spot in early morning. Taken in 2021 when vehicle traffic was light and we were able to follow without impacting her movements.” Location: Maasai Mara Species: Lioness and her cubCredit: Vicki Jauron / Remembering Wildlife ‘Entourage’  “One very early morning we found the painted dogs on the road, and they looked like they just woke up. We pulled to the side and got out of the car to photograph the dogs coming towards us. They didn’t disappoint. We gave them their space, but they chose to approach us. They would walk toward us and then pass us very calmly and casually. It was an incredible moment to capture the pack coming straight at me. A moment I will never forget.”Location: Mana Pools National Park, Zimbabwe Species: Wild dogsCredit: Torie Hilley / Remembering Wildlife Torie Hilley ‘A Majestic Union!’  “A three year wait bears fruit as I managed to get an exclusive sighting of this ever-elusive Melanistic Leopard and his lady.”Species: LeopardsCredit: Kaustubh Mulay / Remembering Wildlife ‘5 at Blue hour’ “Five cheetahs at the Shompole Hide at blue hour.”Species: CheetahsCredit: Johann du Toit / Remembering Wildlife Johann du Toit ‘African Black Bellied Pangolin’ The landmark book 10 Years of Remembering Wildlife has a special focus on pangolins – also called scaly anteaters because of their preferred diet. Species: Black bellied pangolinCredit: Alessandra Sikand / Remembering Wildlife ‘Leopard Enjoying Morning Sun Break’ “After three days of heavy downpour this leopard took the opportunity to enjoy the first morning sun break.”Species: LeopardCredit: Ifham Raji / Remembering Wildlife ‘Sunset Scales’“The vibrant colours of a winter dusk highlight the gentle spark of life in our planet’s most trafficked mammal.”Species: PangolinCredit: Armand Grobler / Remembering Wildlife