By Ed Cara Published January 14, 2025 | Comments (1) | Experts say other body size measurements, such as waist circumference, should be used alongside BMI to diagnose obesity. Iryna Veklich via Getty Traditional conceptions of obesity might be in for a radical shift. In a new report published this week, a widely-supported group of scientists is pushing for substantial changes in how obesity is diagnosed and classified. Over 50 obesity experts from across the globe conducted the report, as part of a commission backed by The Lancet. Among other recommendations, the group is calling for body mass index (BMI) to be phased out as the sole criteria for diagnosing obesity. They also argue that obesity should be categorized into two distinct types, depending on how much harm a persons condition is likely causing them. The commissions specific goal was to establish objective but nuanced criteria for diagnosing obesity. Currently, obesity is diagnosed strictly by a persons BMI, which is calculated using a persons weight and their height. People with a BMI over 30 are considered to have obesity, with severe obesity seen as having a BMI over 40 (some parts of the world use lower BMI cut-offs to account for population differences in the average size of residents). Though BMI is an easily obtained and trackable measurement, however, it often fails to convey the whole picture, the commission experts saya critique that plenty of other public health experts have expressed in the past. The harm associated with obesity is primarily caused by having excess body fat, and BMI can sometimes fail to adequately correlate with that. A very fit person could have high BMI but low body fat, for example, whereas someone with so-called normal BMI could be carrying a risky amount of body fat. The distribution of excess body fat can differ from person to person, too, as can the health risks associated with that fat. Too much fat around a persons waist or around vital internal organs like the liver and heart tends to be more dangerous than excess body fat in the skin underneath our arms or legs, for instance.The experts arent calling for doctors to completely abandon BMI as a tool for diagnosing obesity, but rather for it to be used alongside other bodily measurements. These include measuring peoples waist circumference, their waist-to-hip ratio, or their waist-to-height ratio. Medical professionals should use at least two body size measurements for diagnosing people suspected to have obesity, the researchers say, and one other measurement besides BMI. Alternatively, doctors can instead collect a direct measurement of a persons body fat, such as by conducting a bone density test, commonly known as a DEXA scan. People with very high BMI (over 40) can still be assumed to have excess body fat, they added. If implementedpeople with obesity (a BMI near or at or above obesity) should have at least one more measure of body size (e.g. waist circumference in most cases or DEXA if available) to confirm accurate detection of excess body fatthis would confirm one has indeed obesity, and is not just, for instance, a muscular person with high BMI, Francesco Rubino, an obesity researcher at Kings College London and chair of the commission, told Gizmodo in a email.Rubino and his commission are also recommending that doctors group obesity into two broad categories: preclinical and clinical obesity. Having high body fat alone might not negatively affect your health, the experts note, so theyve created a list of criteria (18 for adults, 13 for children) for identifying when someones obesity is likely causing other bodily issues. Someone who has obstructive sleep apnea, severe knee pain, or poor cardiovascular health suspected of being linked to their excess body fat would be classified as having clinical obesity, for instance, while someone with obesity but no signs of abnormal organ function would be classified as having preclinical obesity.A reframing of the clinical effect of obesity is warranted, to explain how obesity can be both a risk factor for other diseases and a direct cause of illness. The definition of clinical obesity therefore addresses a gap in the characterization of obesity as a direct cause of ill health, and can be an effective way to address widespread misperceptions and bias that misguide decision making among patients, healthcare professionals, and policy makers, the authors wrote in their report, published Tuesday in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. People with preclinical obesity may still be at higher risk of health problems in the future, but the distinction allows for more personalized obesity care, Rubino says. Whereas people with clinical obesity should be immediately treated with effective treatments to reduce their weight, which can include newer drugs like semaglutide (the active ingredient in Ozempic and Wegovy) or bariatric surgery, doctors can use a less intrusive approach with someone who has preclinical obesity, depending on their level of risk. These strategies may be as simple as suggesting monitoring over time and lifestyle changes aimed at feasible weight loss for people whose risk is low (even modest weight loss can go a long way to prevent diseases associated with obesity), or include more active forms of intervention should the risk be assessed as particularly elevated (due to other factors in addition to obesity itself, like family history, abdominal disposition of fat, other conditions, an extreme weight, and especially the combination of the above), Rubino said.The groups recommendations are ultimately just that. But their conclusions are being widely endorsed by health-related organizations across the world76 in total, including the American Heart Association in the U.S., the Royal College of Physicians in the UK, and the World Obesity Federation. There are still important big questions left to be answered about the nature of obesity, such as the exact prevalence of preclinical to clinical obesity (under the current BMI-only definition, more than 1 billion people worldwide are thought to have obesity). But according to report co-author Robert Eckel, an endocrinologist at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, the new guidelines should go a long way in helping both doctors and people living with obesity. The intent of our work was to optimize and individualize patient diagnosis, and risk vs. care, he told Gizmodo. We think this characterization will benefit patients, health care providers, and health care to follow.Daily NewsletterYou May Also Like By Ed Cara Published January 12, 2025 By Ed Cara Published December 23, 2024 By Ed Cara Published December 17, 2024 By Margherita Bassi Published December 8, 2024 By Ed Cara Published November 26, 2024 By Ed Cara Published November 19, 2024

Oshigome Base / HAYATO KOMATSU ARCHITECTSSave this picture! Toshiyuki YanoKure, JapanArchitects: HAYATO KOMATSU ARCHITECTSAreaArea of this architecture projectArea:140 mYearCompletion year of this architecture project Year: 2023 PhotographsPhotographs:Toshiyuki Yano Lead Architects: Hayato Komatsu More SpecsLess SpecsSave this picture!Text description provided by the architects. The site is located in the mountains of Kure City, Hiroshima Prefecture, with a reservoir called Honjo Suigenchi to the east and Niko River leading to Kure Bay in front of it. To the west are a series of mountains centering on Mt. Ege, and at the foot of the mountains, old and new houses stand side by side along the contour line. The owner, who has been running a construction company in the area for a long time, had a strong desire to create a building that would contribute to the local community, and in addition to the functions of office and residence, he wanted the building to serve as a "meeting place" for the community.Save this picture!Save this picture!First, the roof was manipulated to create a connection between the environment and the architecture, and the various rooms were arranged accordingly. The roof is not limited to one direction but is integrated by the overlapping of two roofs: a grass-roofed shed to create a green continuity from the reservoir to the mountain range, and a main roof to block direct sunlight from the south and to catch strong winds blowing from the lower reaches of the river. The rooms on the lower floor are protected by deep eaves and the plants are raised from the ground, opening them up to the landscape.Save this picture!Save this picture!Save this picture!Save this picture!In order to extend the function of a construction company, a multi-purpose room was placed so that it is connected to the garden on the first floor. By moderately adjusting the line of sight through plantings rather than a wall, the lively atmosphere of the users is brought to the community. The multipurpose room is planned as a place to support various activities of local people and also as a disaster prevention center. The grass roof of the shed not only reduces the heat load inside the building but also opens the building to the local community in early spring when the riverside is lined with cherry blossom trees. The plan is to add a "meeting place" to the work and residence using the entire building.Save this picture!We believe that a place that contributes to the community is a place where the people who live there can gather frankly and that it has a semi-public character similar to the gardens of the old private homes. In addition to its function as a gathering place, the building will also serve as a venue for events that take advantage of the owner's professional skills, which will bring about multi-generational interaction and gradually add color and vibrancy to the town. We hope that the garden will become established as a "community garden" while living here and supporting the architecture of the area.Save this picture!Project gallerySee allShow lessAbout this officePublished on January 15, 2025Cite: "Oshigome Base / HAYATO KOMATSU ARCHITECTS" 14 Jan 2025. ArchDaily. Accessed . <https://www.archdaily.com/1025718/oshigome-base-hayato-komatsu-architects&gt ISSN 0719-8884Save!ArchDaily?You've started following your first account!Did you know?You'll now receive updates based on what you follow! Personalize your stream and start following your favorite authors, offices and users.Go to my stream

Project Files: https://www.patreon.com/posts/120021011 .In this unreal engine tutorial, I am going to show you how to make a segmented health bar widget. Here, the health bar will be created with a progress bar component and we are going to make a custom UI material that allows us to modify the number of segments and gap between 2 segments to be used with the progress bar. CodeLikeMe Third-Person shooter series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLNTm9yU0zou4HL7SAyIQoCqJRJ5QeQAl8 // ! https://www.patreon.com/codelikeme Patrons will have access to project files of all the stuff I do in the channel and other extra benefitsJoin this channel to get access to perks:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClb6Jh9EBV7a_Nm52Ipll_Q/join Like my facebook page for more content : https://www.facebook.com/gamedevelopersclub/ Follow me on twitter : https://twitter.com/CodeLikeMe2 Follow me on reddit : https://www.reddit.com/user/codelikeme #CodeLikeMe #unrealengine #ue5 #indiegamedev

After studying the genomes in dogs living close to and around the Chornobyl disaster site, researchers from North Carolina State University and Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health concluded that radiation-induced mutation likely did not cause genetic differences in dog populations living in Chornobyl City and the nearby Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). With these findings in the new study published in PLOS ONE, the research team hopes to better understand how a nuclear disaster may impact populations over time.We have been working with two dog populations that, while separated by just 16 kilometers, or about 10 miles, are genetically distinct, said Matthew Breen, contributing author and Oscar J. Fletcher Distinguished Professor of Comparative Oncology Genetics at NC State, in a press release. We are trying to determine if low-level exposure over many years to environmental toxins such as radiation, lead, etc., could explain some of those differences.Examining Doggy DNAThe study examined the genomes of two groups of dogs living near the Chornobyl disaster site. The researchers found that these two groups showed a dramatic level of genetic differentiation, even though they lived in rather close proximity.In a previous study, the research team analyzed the genomes of over 300 dogs living in the Chornobyl site for genetic variants. They found 391 outlier regions areas of the genome that show variation compared to the rest of the genome in certain dogs. According to the study, the outlier regions contained genes typically associated with DNA repair.With this new study, the research team was trying to determine if these outliers were a result of mutations caused by the fallout of the Chornobyl disaster.Most people think of the Chornobyl nuclear accident as a radiological disaster in an abandoned corner of Ukraine, but the potential adverse health implications are much wider, said Norman Kleiman, senior co-author and professor of environmental health sciences at Columbia University School of Public Health, in a press release. This is due to the many other toxins including heavy metals, lead powder, pesticides, and asbestos released into the environment during the ensuing cleanup and remediation over three decades, said Kleiman.Read More: Have Chernobyl Mutations Rewired Evolution?Zooming In On MutationsThe research team determined that the dogs living in the Chornobyl City area shared similar genomes to dogs living in other outlying areas such as Russia and Poland. Because of this, the team used these dogs as the control group. From there, they began analyzing the two groups on a chromosomal level before going deeper and looking at them from a genome interval, and eventually looking for differences in single nucleotides.Researchers were searching for accumulated germline DNA mutations, or mutations that occur in reproductive cells as DNA is passed from parent to offspring.Think of it like using the zoom function on your phones camera to get more details we start with a wide view of a subject and then zoom in, said Breen in a press release. We know that, for example, exposure to high doses of radiation can introduce instability from the chromosomal level on down. While this dog population is 30 or more generations removed from the one present during the 1986 disaster, mutations would likely still be detectable if they conferred a survival advantage to those original dogs. But we didnt find any such evidence in these dogs, said Breen.Survival GenesAfter completing their analysis, the research team came to the conclusion that the Chornobyl dogs showed no signs of genetic mutation. However, its also possible that selective pressures environmental factors that influence reproduction may have played a part in the genetic variance of these two dog groups.In human terms, this would be like studying a population that is centuries removed from the one present at the time of the disaster, said Megan Dillon, PhD candidate at NC State and lead author of the study, in a press release. Its possible that the dogs that survived long enough to breed already had genetic traits that increased their ability to survive. So perhaps there was extreme selective pressure at the start, and then the dogs at the power plant just remained separate from the city population. Investigating that question is an important next step that we are now working on, said Dillon.The research team is using these findings to better understand how drastic changes to an environment, like a nuclear disaster, can impact the health of both humans and their animal companions over the course of time.As it is certain, given our increasingly technological and industrial societies, there will invariably be other such disasters in the future, and we need to understand the potential health risks and how best to protect people, Kleiman said in a press release.Article SourcesOur writers at Discovermagazine.com use peer-reviewed studies and high-quality sources for our articles, and our editors review for scientific accuracy and editorial standards. Review the sources used below for this article:A graduate of UW-Whitewater, Monica Cull wrote for several organizations, including one that focused on bees and the natural world, before coming to Discover Magazine. Her current work also appears on her travel blog and Common State Magazine. Her love of science came from watching PBS shows as a kid with her mom and spending too much time binging Doctor Who.

SoapboxHealth & MedicineObesity needs a new definition beyond BMI, health experts argueBMI labels some people as having a disease, even if their excess body fat isnt causing harm Obesity could get a new definition and diagnostic criteria thanks to a global commission of health experts.Yaroslav Astakhov/iStock/Getty Images PlusBy McKenzie Prillaman2 hours agoObesity needs a new definition, argues a global group of health experts.For over 75 years, obesity has been called a disease by the World Health Organization. But the label is hotly debated. Some say it helps legitimize obesitys seriousness; others point out that people living with obesity are not always ill.So a commission of nearly 60 health experts has proposed a definition and diagnostic criteria for clinical obesity: a disease where excess body fat harms a persons tissues, organs or ability to do daily tasks. The report, published January 14 in the Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, also describes preclinical obesity, when surplus body fat does not affect tissues or organs, but may increase the risk for developing clinical obesity, type 2 diabetes, certain cancers and other diseases.

Nature, Published online: 14 January 2025; doi:10.1038/d41586-025-00061-yAn energy-efficient lesson for the kitchen that is still relevant 150 years later, and the automation of long-distance communication by telephone or text gathers pace, in our weekly dip into Natures archive.

Rival Schools: Complete Works $40 (was $50) | Releases April 29 Preorder at Amazon While it's been decades since the Rival Schools game, fans have some cool releases to look forward to this year. Not only is the Rival School sequel, Project Justice, appearing in the upcoming Capcom Fighting Collection 2, but the cult-classic Capcom fighting game series is also getting a new Rival Schools: Complete Works art book. The hardcover tome will offer a comprehensive look at the tag-team fighter's visuals and development history when it launches on April 29, 2025. Preorders are now available and discounted to just $40 (was $50) at Amazon. Rival Schools: Complete Works $40 (was $50) | Releases April 29 Like the other Capcom Complete Works books published by Udon Entertainment, the Rival Schools edition collects the artwork of all three Rival Schools games, including key art, character illustrations, development sketches, unused character concepts, and more. Preorder at Amazon The first Rival Schools game, Rival Schools: United By Fate, was released in 1997 and focused on tag team battles between teams of students from various schools. The series has seen two follow-up games since then--a Japan-exclusive update of the first game called Justice Private Academy: Fighting Spirit Diary 2 in 1999, followed by the sequel Project Justice in 2000. The series has been largely dormant since then, outside of a few Rival School character cameo appearances in other Capcom fighting games, which makes the new Complete Works artbook and Project Justice's inclusion in Capcom Fighting Collection 2 later this year all the more exciting.Speaking of which, preorders for the PS4 and Nintendo Switch physical editions of Capcom Fighting Collection 2 are available now at Amazon and include a limited-edition Capcom vs. SNK comic. The collection features eight games, including Project Justice, Capcom vs. SNK 1 and 2, Power Stone 1 and 2, and more.Continue Reading at GameSpot

Players are already familiar with the Remembrance path as a part of the Simulated Universe, particularly for its focus on freezing enemies and controlling the battlefield. Interestingly, with the massive version 3.0 update of Honkai: Star Rail, the Remembrance path becomes available as a playable character path as well. Unlike its primary utility in the Simulated Universe, as a playable path, Remembrance focuses on summoning units to the field, similar to Jing Yuan's Lightning Lord. These summons offer diverse utilities, whether for dealing damage or providing support functions.

The Marvel Rivals tier list is proof of an inherent truth: not every hero (or villain) is built equally. In the competitive shooters season 1 (which added two characters, two maps, a battle pass, and skins), every character is technically viable, but there are some who are obviously more powerful than the rest.Below, weve compiled a tier list showing the current Marvel Rivals meta (as of the release of season 1), giving each character a rank from best of the best (S-tier) to avoid at all costs (F-tier). Read on for the full Marvel Rivals tier list for season 1.Complete tier list for Marvel Rivals season 1Season 1 of Marvel Rivals sees the game in quite a healthy spot, with only six characters falling in C-tier or below. For a game with 35 heroes (soon to be 37, when the Thing and Human Torch join the roster in late February), youre hard-pressed to find a bad one.While the tier list above (which we constructed in Tiermaker) showcases a general view of the season 1 launch, weve broken down each rank in tables below, including brief explanations for why each character belongs in the tier weve placed them.Finally, its worth noting here that tiers can look different at different ranks, with some high rank heroes barely being played in low ranks, and some low rank dominators falling off significantly at higher elo levels. As its still early in season 1, this list is likely to change within a week or so, as the meta wont cement for a few more weeks.S-tier characters in Marvel Rivals season 1As a rule, S-tier heroes are those that you should absolutely know how to play if you main their given role. Understanding how your Team-Up abilities work with all of these heroes is crucial to success youll be seeing a lot of them in your games.CharacterRoleWhy they're S tierDoctor StrangeVanguardDoctor Strange is one of the hardest-to-kill heroes in Marvel Rivals, and is exceptional at shielding his allies from big blasts. Paired with his unique portal and extremely powerful ultimate, he's a hard pick to beat for top tank.Hulk/Bruce BannerVanguardHulk is extremely mobile and very difficult to kill in Marvel Rivals. He's a menace in the backline with massive damage and is able to protect his own supports with shields.Luna SnowStrategistLuna Snow has the best healing ultimate in Marvel Rivals, making all combat stop the moment she hits it. On top of this, she has great healing, damage, and stuns.MantisStrategistMantis both helps her team deal loads of damage with her boost and keeps them healthy with heals over time. Paired with the second best healing ultimate, she's a great choice.HawkeyeDuelistHawkeye requires accurate aim, but he's the only hero capable of regularly one-shotting squishy targets. That alone is enough for a top rank.HelaDuelistHela is one of the most consistent damage dealers in the game if you're capable of hitting your shots. She can take down target after target and has some great Team-Ups.Iron ManDuelistOn his own, Iron Man is a great hero who can dish out lots of damage, with a powerful ultimate that can shut down Luna Snow. But paired with his Hulk Team-Up, his damage is unmatched.PsylockeDuelistPsylocke is able to dive into the backline of the enemy team to get kills or attack from range, which makes her very versatile. Her ultimate is also extremely powerful and can shut down objective areas.StormDuelistStorm has one of the most powerful ultimates for a duelist in the game, and can guarantee kills or an empty objective zone. Paired with her quasi support abilities and season 1 buffs, she's become a menace overnight.A-tier characters in Marvel Rivals season 1Generally, A-tier heroes are great. Theyre not the best heroes, nor do they come out on top in the. meta, but theyre extremely solid. All of these are heroes that anyone should be thankful to have on their team, but likely wont catch a ban as you reach the higher ranks.CharacterRoleWhy they're A tierMagnetoVanguardMagneto is the definition of a consistent tank. He's very hard to kill when he's playing selfishly, but can extend some of that safety to allies to make them much tankier during big moments.GrootVanguardGroot can technically do more damage than any other tank in the game with his powerful walls. But his real value is as a frontline beast with a ton of health and powerful crowd control.Adam WarlockStrategistAdam Warlock is a very technical strategist, capable of dealing big damage and keeping his allies alive. His normal play is great, but his ultimate is capable of swinging entire games on its own.Cloak & DaggerStrategistCloak & Dagger offer very powerful heals and some pretty decent damage, all in a relatively easy-to-play package. They were good at launch, but their buffed ultimate in season 1 helps kick them up a notch.Invisible WomanStrategistInvisible Woman can pump out a lot of healing and control the battlefield with her various crowd control moves. Even better, her invisibility makes her difficult to lockdown and kill.Rocket RaccoonStrategistRocket Raccoon is able to automatically revive players with his B.R.B. device, which is a very powerful effect. Paired with decent healing and decent damage, he's a great pick when the S-tiers are unavailable.Black PantherDuelistBlack Panther is both fast and consistent, which is what you want in a duelist. He's also much easier to play than most of the other duelists.MagikDuelistMagik is both slippery and great at dealing with multiple backline targets at once. This makes her a real menace for duelists and strategists, and she basically requires a tank to help their team deal with her.NamorDuelistNamor and his pets can deal massive amounts of damage from afar, rivaling characters like Hela. But what makes Namor so great is his immunity bubble, which lets him survive divers.Star LordDuelistStar Lord can dish out a lot of damage in a short amount of time, and he's very fast. That's a potent combo, and paired with his ultimate, it makes him a great choice for duelist players.Winter SoldierDuelistWinter Soldier is best known for his ultimate, which he can repeat multiple times to wipe teams. However, his hook and powerful primary fire make him a menace even while charging his ultimate.WolverineDuelistWolverine is the ultimate tank buster character, and is able to abduct high health targets and kill them away from their team. He strikes fear into the hearts of all tank mains.B-tier characters in Marvel Rivals season 1The B-tier heroes bring a lot to the table, but are situational and niche. Some of these heroes can be A- or S-tier in the right situation, but they just arent of the same caliber as the heroes above them in a general setting.CharacterRoleWhy they're B tierPeni ParkerVanguardPeni Parker is a very potent tank in the right situation. On defensive maps, she's able to hold the zone better than almost any other character.ThorVanguardThor is a fantastic bully tank, and can deal massive damage if he's given the support he needs to survive the enemy.VenomVanguardVenom is a highly mobile dive tank, and is able to quickly reach the backline. He doesn't deal a ton of damage, but acts as a powerful distraction for his enemies.LokiStrategistLoki is a lot of work to get right, but in the right hands, he is nearly impossible to kill and pumps out a lot of healing. His ultimate is also the best in the game, as it allows him to mirror any other character.Iron FistDuelistIron Fist has extremely high burst potential and is very slippery. He does take a bit of practice to fully understand, but a good Iron Fist can destroy your backline in seconds.Moon KnightDuelistMoon Knight has a ton of area damage, making him capable of wiping and entire team if they're not careful. His Ankhs are easy to shutdown, but theyre on a low enough cooldown that hes always getting decent damage out.Squirrel GirlDuelistSquirrel Girl is a very simple character, but her explosive nuts deal a lot of damage with very little effort. Her reworked ultimate in season 1 is also quite strong and can hunt down enemies.The PunisherDuelistThe Punisher is the shooter character in Marvel Rivals, and is able to shred through enemies with his two guns. His kit is a little limited, but he has what he needs to succeed in most situations.C-tier characters in Marvel Rivals season 1The C-tier heroes are ones that just dont seem worth playing when you compare them to the other options. However, theyre still playable, and viable on some teams or when used by certain players. You could really surprise the enemy team with a C-tier pocket pick, but youd probably be better off learning a better hero altogether.CharacterRoleWhy they're C tierCaptain AmericaVanguardCaptain America doesn't have much of an identity in Marvel Rivals. He's able to bully the backline fine, but he struggles to protect his team in the process.Jeff the Land SharkStrategistJeff has decent support capabilities with his normal kit, but the lack of a good healing ult really hurts him. Even so, his ultimate can win games if enemy players aren't paying attention.Mister FantasticDuelistMister Fantastic is a hybrid damage dealer and tank, but he's a bit too hybrid at the moment, so he isn't great at either role.D-tier characters in Marvel Rivals season 1Heroes in the D-tier are, quite frankly, pretty subpar. Not so bad that youre going to automatically lose if you have one on your team, but bad enough that you should probably be picking a better option.CharacterRoleWhy they're D tierScarlet WitchDuelistScarlet Witch does very low damage over time, even if that damage is reliable because it doesn't require aim. When paired with an ultimate that's powerful but very easy to counter, she just doesn't bring enough value to a team.Spider-ManDuelistSpider-Man is capable of dishing out a lot of damage and destroying a backline, but he takes so much more work than any other dive character in the game for no additional benefit.F-tier characters in Marvel Rivals season 1Heroes in the F-tier are bad and you shouldnt play them. And while you should never flame your teammates in games like Marvel Rivals, you should be concerned if someone picks one of these heroes, as its a little too close to playing 4v5.CharacterRoleWhy they're F tierBlack WidowDuelistBlack Widow can't one-shot targets, she struggles to have awareness around here because she's forced into first-person, and her ultimate is worthless. Black Widow requires a lot of buffs or a rework in order to even be viable for all but the best players. For moreMarvel Rivalsguides, heres a list of all knowncodes, allTeam-Up abilities, allmaps and modes, and a look at the gamesroadmap.

I used to hate cooking steak at home for one big reason: the smoke. I rent an apartment in Brooklyn, which means I have to deal with a close and sensitive smoke alarm. But even without the threat of a piercing siren, steak was always one of those sometimes foods that ended up making more of a mess than I care to clean up. That is, until the concept of reverse searing entered my life, and changed everything. Now I can make myself a perfect steak, and you can too.What is reverse searing?Searing is the classic way to prepare a steak: simply pop it in a screaming hot pan and sear it until its done. Reverse searing is the catchy phrase for baking a roast low and slow in a conventional oven, and tossing it in a hot pan afterward to get some nice color on the outside. The steak effectively cooks almost completely in the oven; you pan-sear it simply for the glorious browning and flavor the process brings.You can reverse sear (almost) any steakYou can use this method for almost any type of steak or roast. You can reverse sear rib-eye steaks, filet mignon, New York strip steak, or a pork tenderloin. The only caveat is thickness: It's hard to reverse sear anything thinner than an inch thickbetween the baking and searing, a thin cut of meat will likely cook past the medium-rare point before you can catch it. Try to aim for steaks and roasts that are an inch and a half or thicker. Reverse searing is totally worth itReverse searing helps the steak to brown more evenly than simply pan searing. Searing a steak over high heat will cook the protein fibers on the outside much more rapidly, shrinking the outer layer and causing the middle to bulge, and that warping of the meat makes it hard to get an even sear. Searing is primarily to add flavor, so an uneven sear actually minimizes flavor.Reverse searing cooks the meat gently and slowly. Most often, you'll start the process with an oven set to 225F or 250F, and leave the steak in there for 20 to 50 minutes, depending on how you like your steak (and a few variables I will discuss later). Slow cooking allows the meat to warm up and heat through more evenly, keeping its shape nice and flat. The best part, if you ask me? No smoke. There is no opportunity for scorching when using this cooking technique. Well, not yet anyway. (You do sear it briefly at the end, but its for no where near as long.) Moreover, its lower stress: Cooking this way allows you to do other things in the kitchen while the steak cooks away in the oven, and you can use a probe thermometer every 10 minutes or so to see how its coming along. If you have a terrible habit of overcooking your steak, this method nearly guarantees you wont overcook it.The right way to reverse sear a steakA dryer surface sears better, so the evening before you're ready to cook, pat your steak with some paper towels and let it sit on a wire rack over a sheet pan in the fridge overnight. If you forget to do this, you can simply do it in the morning for a few hours. Worse case scenario (which has certainly happened to me several times), just pat it dry before you put it in the oven. 1. Preheat your ovenSet your oven to 250F. Place a wire rack over a sheet pan. There wont be much that drips off the steak, but elevating the meat allows the warm air to flow around all sides. Credit: Allie Chanthorn Reinmann 2. Set your target temp and bake the steakThoroughly season your steak and place it on the wire rack. Youre aiming for an internal temperature 10 to 15 degrees below the target finished temperature. Consider that the steak will sear in a hot pan, and also experience carry-over cooking.Here's a chart with target temperatures that the center of your steak should reach before you sear it in a pan. For reverse searing, aim for the temperature above and remove your steak from the oven. Credit: Allie Chanthorn reinmann I like my steak around medium which is about 140F. I subtracted 15 degrees, and aimed for 125F -ish. It took me 45 minutes to get to 122F, with two temperature tests after the first 25 minutes. There are variables to keep in mind. How thick is your steak? Was it fridge-cold or room temperature? My ribeye was one-and-a-half inches thick, and still chilly from the fridge. After 25 minutes, it had just reached the internal temperature fit for a rare steak, about 102F. My advice is to keep in mind the thickness of your steak and check on it after 10 minutes for a thin steak (around an inch and a quarter thick), and after 20 or 25 minutes for a thicker one (an inch and a half or more). Once you have an initial reading, you can adjust the cooking time from there. Credit: Allie Chanthorn Reinmann 3. Sear in a hot panOnce your target internal temperature has been reached, remove the steak from the oven. Heat a frying pan, or cast iron skillet on medium heat until its very hot, which usually takes a few minutes. Sear the steak on all sides with a knob of butter, for about one minute per side. Serve immediately. Credit: Allie Chanthorn Reinmann If its your first time reverse searing, you might be dismayed by how ugly and gray your steak looks out of the oven. Hang in there. Once you sear it, youll understand what its all about. Reverse seared steak has great flavor and looks beautiful. Although you miss out on some nice pan drippings, to me the benefits outweigh the missing fond. So say goodbye to scorching, and hello to a more relaxing, better steak experience.