After four years of U.S. progress on efforts to deal with climate change under Joe Biden, Donald Trumps return to the White House is swiftly swinging the pendulum in the opposite direction.On his first day back, Trump declared a national energy emergency, directing agencies to use any emergency powers available to boost oil and gas production, despite U.S. oil and gas production already being near record highs and leading the world. He revoked Bidens orders that had withdrawn large areas of the Arctic and the U.S. coasts from oil and natural gas leasing. Among several other executive orders targeting Bidens pro-climate policies, Trump also began the process of pulling the U.S. out of the international Paris climate agreementa repeat of a move he made in 2017, which Biden reversed.None of Trumps moves to sideline climate change as an important domestic and foreign policy issue should come as a surprise.During his first term as president, 2017-2021, Trump repealed the Obama-era Clean Power Plan for reducing power plant emissions, falsely claimed that wind turbines cause cancer, and promised to end the war on coal and boost the highly polluting energy source. He once declared that climate change was a hoax perpetuated by China.Since being elected again in November, Trump has again chosen Cabinet members who support the fossil fuel industry.But its important to remember that while Donald Trump is singing from the Republican Party songbook when it comes to climate change, the music was written long before he came along.Money, lies, and lobbyingIn 1979, the scientific consensus that climate change posed a significant threat to the environment, the economy, and society as we had come to appreciate them began to emerge.The Ad Hoc Study Group on Carbon Dioxide and Climate, commissioned by the U.S. National Research Councils climate research board, concluded then that if carbon dioxide continued to accumulate in the atmosphere, there was no reason to doubt that climate changes will result. Since then, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has risen by about 25%, and temperatures have risen with it.The report also concluded that land use changes and the burning of fossil fuels, both of which could be subject to regulation, were behind climate change and that a wait-and-see policy may mean waiting until it is too late.But none of this came as a surprise to the oil industry. Working behind the scenes since the 1950s, researchers working for companies such as Exxon, Shell, and Chevron had made their leaders well aware that the widespread use of their product was already causing climate change. And coinciding with the Ad Hoc Study Groups work in the late 1970s, oil companies started making large donations to national and state-level candidates and politicians they viewed as friendly to the interests of the industry.A summary of all global warming projections reported by ExxonMobil scientists in internal documents and peer-reviewed publications, 1977 to 2003, superimposed on observed temperature change (red). Solid gray lines indicate global warming projections modeled by ExxonMobil scientists; dashed gray lines are projections shared by ExxonMobil scientists from other sources. Shades of gray reflect start dates: earliest (1977) is lightest; latest (2003) is darkest. [Image: Geoffrey Supran/courtesy of the author]The oil industry also implemented a disinformation campaign designed to cast doubt about climate science and, in many cases, about their own internal research. The strategy, ripped from the pages of the tobacco industry playbook, involved emphasizing uncertainty to cast doubt on the science and calling for balanced science to sow confusion.This strategy was helped by the creation and financial backing of lobbying organizations such as the Competitive Enterprise Institute and the Global Climate Coalition, both of which played central roles in spreading falsehoods and casting doubt on the scientific consensus about climate change.By 1997, when 84 countries signed the Kyoto Protocol to curb global greenhouse gas emissions, the oil industry had built an effective apparatus for actively discrediting climate science and opposing policies and actions that could help slow climate change. So even though President Bill Clinton signed the treaty in 1998, the United States Congress refused to ratify it.Partisan politics and the psychology of belongingThe Kyoto Protocol experience demonstrated that the lobbying and disinformation tactics used by oil companies to discredit climate science could, on their own, be highly effective. But they alone didnt shift climate change from a scientific question to an issue of partisan politics. Two additional ingredients for completing the transition were still absent.The first of these came during the election campaign of 2000. At the time, the coverage of the major news networks converged on dividing the country into red states, which lean right, and blue states, which lean left.This shift, though seemingly innocuous at the time, made politics even less about individual issues and more like a team sport.Rather than asking people to construct their voting preferences based on a wide range of issuesfrom abortion and gun rights to immigration and climate changevotes could be earned by reminding and reinforcing for voters which team they should be cheering for: Republicans or Democrats.This shift also made it easier for the fossil fuel industry to keep climate change off state and federal policy agendas. Oil companies could focus their money, lobbying, and disinformation on Republican-controlled states and swing states where it would make the biggest difference. It shouldnt surprise anyone, for example, that it was a red state senator, James Inhofe of Oklahoma, who brought a snowball to the Senate floor in February 2015 to prove that the planet was not warming.The final ingredient had everything to do with human nature. Building on the analogy of a rivalry in sports, the red vs. blue state dynamic tapped into the psychological and social forces that shape our sense of belonging and identity.Subtle but powerful social pressures within groups can make it harder for people to accept ideas, evidence, and arguments from those outside the group. Likewise, these within-group pressures lead to preferential treatment for members who are in alignment with the groups perspectives, up to and including placing greater trust in those who appear to represent the groups collective interests.Within-group pressures also create stronger feelings of belonging among those who conform to the groups internal norms, such as which political positions to support. In turn, stronger feelings of belonging serve to further reinforce the norms.Where to from here?Opposing or supporting action on climate change has become part of millions of Americans cultural identity.However, doubling down on climate policies that are in lockstep with our own political leanings will serve only to strengthen the divide.A more effective solution would be to set aside political differences and invest in building coalitions across the political spectrum. That starts by focusing on shared values, such as keeping children healthy and communities safe. In the wake of devastating fires in my own city, Los Angeles, these shared values have risen to the top of the local political agenda regardless of who my neighbors and I voted for. Its clear to all of us that the consequences of climate change are very much in the here and now.Natural disasters across the U.S. have also brought the risks of climate change home for many people across the country. This, in turn, has led to bipartisan action on climate change at the local and regional levels, and between government and the private sector.The U.S. Climate Alliance, a coalition of 24 governors from both parties who are working to advance efforts to slow climate change, is one such example. Another example is the many U.S. companies with ties to government that participate in the First Movers Coalition, which aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from industries that have proven difficult to decarbonize, such as steel, transportation, and shipping.But, unfortunately for climate action, examples like these are still an exception rather than the norm. And this is a problem because the current climate challenge is much bigger than a single city, state, or even country. The past year, 2024, was the hottest on record. Many parts of the world experienced extreme heat waves and storms.However, every movement has to start somewhere. Continuing to chip away at the partisan barriers that separate Americans on climate change will require even more coalition building that sets an example by being ambitious, productive, and visible.With the new Trump administration poised to target the recent progress made on climate change while preparing executive actions that will increase greenhouse gas emissions, theres no better time for this work than the present.Joe rvai is the director of the Wrigley Institute for Environment and Sustainability and a professor of psychology, biological sciences, and environmental studies at USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences.This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

We continue our21st-Century Architecture: 25 Years 25 Buildings series with the Anandaloy centre in Bangladesh by Studio Anna Heringer, a pioneering project for the revival of mud construction in contemporary architecture.Housing both a disabilities centre and a textile studio, Anandaloy, meaning "place of great joy", became the second winner of the Obel Award the same year it opened.The project was one of several socially engaged projects by German architect Heringer in the village of Rudrapur for the NGO Dipshikha, through which she sought to demonstrate her vision of architecture as a "tool to improve lives".The Anandaloy Centre wasthe most significant building of 2020Central to this vision was not simply the uses of these buildings but also the use of local labour and materials in their construction most importantly mud, which forms the organic, cave-like interiors of Anandaloy.This ancient material is one that all of Heringer's work has sought to place alongside modern construction methods, demonstrating its environmental and design benefits not just in settings where it has traditionally been used, but worldwide."Mud is regarded as a poor and old-fashioned material and inferior to brick, for example," said the studio. "But to us, it doesn't matter how old the material is, it is a matter of our creative ability to use it in a contemporary way."In an interview with RIBA Journal, Heringer called mud the "missing link that leads to social justice", adding that "no other modern construction material has its scope or possibility".The two-storey building was constructed form mud and bambooAppointed honorary professor of the UNESCO Chair of Earthen Architecture, Building Cultures, and Sustainable Development in 2010, Heringer has, along with fellow mud pioneer and teaching partner Martin Rauch, been a key figure in the global rise of rammed-earth construction.Writing in The Architectural Review, Jean Dethier termed their works as the "decisive contributions of a new generation of builders," which have since seen rammed earth celebrated and utilised as a low-carbon material worldwide.It is a trend that has left some skeptical. While Heringer does not use stabilising additives in her own work, the inclusion of cement in many buildings touted as rammed earth risks undermining the material's sustainability credentials.The building is surrounded by verandahsHeringer's relationship with Bangladesh began when she spent a year volunteering for Dipshikha, an NGO which focuses on rural development that would later become the client for Anandaloy, aged 19."Making a tent, kitchen, toilet, furniture; the idea of creating a small village in a couple of weeks and leaving no trace at the end of it was something that shaped me," she told the RIBA Journal. "It was my first urbanism."Read: Shigeru Ban's Cardboard Cathedral was the most significant building of 2013Heringer returned to Europe to study architecture at the University of Arts and Industrial Design in Linz, and it was her graduate thesis that grew into her first building in the region the 2006 METI School, which received both the Aga Khan Award and The Architectural Review's Emerging Architecture Award.Despite originally requesting a brick school extension, Heringer successfully argued for the use of mud and bamboo, and involved the community in the school's construction, setting a precedent for all her works in the area that would follow.A textiles studio is contained within the buildingAnandaloy was able to build upon the lessons of these previous projects not only in terms of its construction methods, but also the people who built it, with the skilled-up local community able to hand down their knowledge to a new generation."The truth is that once you become used to building like this, everything else becomes completely unnatural," Heringer told Nripal Adhikary in an interview in The Architectural Review."When you have leftovers, for example, with clay, you just put them back in the ground and do not worry about it," she said."Any material that cannot be picked up with your bare hands, that might require gloves, feels weird. As do the waste and toxic smells."Anandaloy's walls were made of cobOriginally, the two-storey Anandaloy building was to be solely a disability centre, but the decision was later made to integrate a studio space for Dipdii Textiles, a women's cooperative which Heringer founded alongside Dipshikha and Veronika Lang.The thick walls of the building were created using an ancient technique known as cob, with local earth, straw, sand and water kneaded like dough and formed into walls atop fired-brick foundations.This technique avoids the need to use formwork, reducing the required materials but also making the work far less specialised, with the process therefore easier for the local community to participate in.Read: Elemental's Quinta Monroy housing was the most significant building of 2004Formally, it also meant that curves were easier to create, embraced in the rounded ends of the building and a first-floor access ramp that wraps the centre's sides an unfamiliar site in the village that Heringer felt was crucial to include as a "symbol of inclusion".Inside, the disability centre combines more conventional spaces, with cave-like tunnels and rooms serving as areas for relaxation and solitude, while the textile studio, office and storage occupies the first floor."Anandaloy does not follow a simple rectangular layout," Heringer told Dezeen in 2020. "Rather, the building is dancing, and dancing with it is the ramp that follows it around.""What I want to transmit with this building is that there is a lot of beauty in not following the typical standard pattern," she explained.Bamboo sourced from a nearby forest frames a verandah around the centre's ground floor, while above bamboo screens provide shelter to an upper-level walkway.Cave-like spaces were created with the mudIt was the "multi-layered" pursuit of social ideals throughout Anandaloy's process, structure and programme that convinced the Obel Award judges, and demonstrated a commitment to the entire life-cycle of a building that continues to set a powerful precedent."The Anandaloy building is not only a spatial solution to a number of both basic and specific human needs, the project as a whole is a multi-layered response to the challenge of mending by cleverly interweaving sustainable, social, and architectural design," the jury commented.More recently, these lessons have been brought closer to home in an ongoing project for two rammed-earth buildings for the Campus St.Michael in Traunstein, Germany, but for Heringer, the ambition remains somewhat larger a rammed-earth skyscraper in Manhattan.Did we get it right? Was the Anandaloy Building by Anna Heringer the most significant building completed in 2020? Let us know in the comments. We will be running a poll once all 25 buildings are revealed to determine the most significant building of the 21st century so far.This article is part of Dezeen's21st-Century Architecture: 25 Years 25 Buildingsseries, which looks at the most significant architecture of the 21st century so far. For the series, we have selected the most influential building from each of the first 25 years of the century.The illustration is byJack Bedfordand the photography is by Kurt Hoerbs.21st Century Architecture: 25 Years 25 Buildings2000:Tate Modern by Herzog & de Meuron2001:Gando Primary School by Dibdo Francis Kr2002:Bergisel Ski Jump by Zaha Hadid2003:Walt Disney Concert Hall by Frank Gehry2004:Quinta Monroy by Elemental2005:Moriyama House by Ryue Nishizawa2006:Madrid-Barajas airport by RSHP and Estudio Lamela2007:Oslo Opera House by Snhetta2008:Museum of Islamic Art by I M Pei2009:Murray Grove by Waugh Thistleton Architects2010:Burj Khalifa by SOM2011:National September 11 Memorial byHandel Architects2012:CCTV Headquarters by OMA2013:Cardboard Cathedral by ShigeruBan2014:Bosco Verticale by Stefano Boeri2015:UTEC Lima campus by Grafton Architects2016:Transformation of 530 Dwellings by Lacaton & Vassal, Frdric Druot and Christophe Hutin2017:Apple Park by Foster + Partners2018:Amager Bakke by BIG2019: Goldsmith Street by Mikhail Riches with Cathy Hawley2020: Anandaloy by Anna HeringerThis list will be updated as the series progresses.The post Anna Heringer's Anandaloy was the most significant building of 2020 appeared first on Dezeen.

The tech giant has issued a rare response.

Could we be in for a dark plotline?

When the cosmetics brand decided to make a Bluetooth speaker, it didnt know how hard it would be to make it sustainably. The next challenge: Will anyone actually buy it?

I stopped buying most games for my Nintendo Switch the day I bought a Steam Deck. My Switch has been a Mario and Zelda machine ever since. Its simple: the Steam Deck took the Switchs best trick pick-up-and-play portability while offering more games that run better. I can easily resume the ones I started on my desktop PC, or continue to play portable titles on my desktop and marvel at improved graphics.But the Nintendo Switch 2, coming later this year, may change that value proposition. Not only will it continue to be the console that attracts families and kids with inventive, surprising, must-try exclusive Nintendo games that use its detachable Joy-Cons many tricks, but it also has a real chance at convincing the enthusiasts who might otherwise buy a handheld gaming PC or who were waiting for handheld PCs to become less of a wild west.The Switch 2s newly magnetic Joy-Con. Gif: NintendoThe Switch 2 may meet or beat the Steam Deck in performance. If historys any indication, it should easily sell better than every handheld gaming PC combined. When the original Nintendo Switch launched nearly eight years ago, there was almost nothing to play but Zelda, and Nintendo held its game catalog in an iron grip but now, the backwards-compatible Switch 2 will launch with one of the largest and most welcoming libraries of all time, rivaled only by smartphones and computers. The Switch could theoretically become the new baseline for game developers to target, and the most reliable place to find new handheld-friendly titles.So: How can the budding handheld PC revolution escape the shadow of the Switch 2? I wont say I know for sure, but I did just check the industrys temperature at CES 2025, the worlds biggest tech show and Im afraid PC handhelds may stay in that shadow unless the industry does more.Handheld ergonomics was one bright spot going into 2025. While I still prefer the Decks overall feel, practically every PC handheld I touched had nicely sculpted grips that made them more comfortable to hold than their predecessors. From the 8-inch MSI Claw 8 AI Plus and Lenovo Legion Go S, to the 8.8-inch Legion Go 2, and the giant 11-inch Tencent Sunday Dragon, even the largest Windows handhelds didnt feel as awkward as some of their first-gen predecessors.There are four places I think the industry has to change and maybe, band together if these handhelds want a meaningful piece of the Switch.A year made a huge ergonomic difference to Lenovos handhelds in particular. (The new ones on the left.) Photo by Antonio G. Di BenedettoOperating systemBuyers need to know that their game will be ready to play when they press the power button on a handheld. Thats the Nintendo Switch experience, and its similar to how the Steam Deck works once games are downloaded but its far from what Windows handhelds currently offer.Thats why the three biggest pieces of handheld gaming news at the show had little to do with the hardware itself. They were about ditching todays version of handheld Windows.First, Lenovo revealed it would produce the first authorized third-party handheld to ship with Valves easy-to-use SteamOS instead of Windows something only the Steam Deck has done so far. Second, Valve told us it would bring a SteamOS beta to additional third-party handhelds as soon as this April. Third, a Microsoft executive told The Verge that the company would finally do something meaningful about its bloated Windows experience on handhelds later this year, combining the best of Xbox and Windows together.These moves are heartening, as its a Wild West in handheld PC land. Most companies opt for a copy of Windows that doesnt reliably launch games or sleep and wake properly, defeating some of the purpose of a pick-up-and-play handheld experience. Theyre filled with difficult-to-navigate UI and unnecessary bloatware, too to the point that today, a community-created fork of Valves SteamOS UI is already a far better experience than Windows.Its also good for SteamOS fans: while the Steam Deck is a great platform for SteamOS, weve already seen the Deck cant compete with the Switch by itself. Game publishers dont see the raw sales numbers to bring big multiplayer games like Fortnite or Valorant to SteamOS. (They say cheaters are too big a risk.)But, while the CES moves are significant, Valve, Microsoft, and Lenovo are non-committal about how much things might improve. Microsoft would only give me the barest hints about making Windows feel more like an Xbox game console at some point later this year. Lenovo is hedging its SteamOS bet hard not only will the Legion Go S ship in both Windows and SteamOS varieties, the Windows version will go on sale months earlier, and Lenovo wont commit to SteamOS for its larger, later-in-2025 handheld.No other company announced a SteamOS handheld at CES, either, save for PC maker GPD, with a claim that was apparently false or lost in translation. Valve told me it has no other partner devices currently in the works for SteamOS, though itd be happy to work with more companies. I believe every handheld maker should give SteamOS a shot.CES 2025 brought huge handhelds like this 11-inch Acer, and theyre not necessarily a bad idea! Photo by Antonio G. Di Benedetto / The VergeScreenThis ones easy: to maximize performance, battery life, economies of scale, and offer a closer-to-game-console experience, handheld PC makers should universally adopt a 1080p-or-lower-resolution HDR OLED screen with variable refresh rate.Many PC manufacturers are wasting what little performance they can muster from a handheld chip and battery on a screen with far too many pixels for the task, artificially constraining performance and battery life in exchange for 1600p or 1200p sharpness that most gamers wont miss on a 7-inch to 8-inch panel. Additionally, every handheld without a variable refresh rate screen is likely wasting a good chunk of the frames that their handheld can serve because their screen is artificially limiting their framerate VRR was the Asus ROG Allys secret weapon, letting it play games more smoothly than competing handhelds even if rivals chips offered the same FPS.Lastly, HDR is a revelation on the Steam Deck OLEDs screen, letting both native titles and the HDR games I stream from my PS5 feel like theyre filled with real light that explodes out of the screen. Its something Windows desktops and laptops have never consistently offered the way todays consoles do, but handhelds could be the gateway to changing that.Is a screen like the one Im describing expensive or hard to find? Band together, PC companies, and surely a display maker can change that for you.Chips and batteryUnless you count the Nvidia Tegra at the heart of the Nintendo Switch, AMD is the leader in handheld chips. But its semi-custom Aerith and Sephiroth parts for the Steam Deck feel like the only ones proactively designed with power-sipping handhelds in mind, leaving everyone else at a portability disadvantage. And it sounds like AMDs new Z2 line might not be all that different.AMDs Z1 batch of chips in handhelds like the Asus ROG Ally wasnt originally for handheld; theyre mildly tweaked laptop processors that need 17 or 18 watts to begin to hit their stride, enough for a complete handheld to drain a typical 50Wh battery pack in well under three hours with mildly intensive games.The Z2 line is similarly a set of tweaked laptop chips, and while AMD told me some may offer more performance at the same power and add improved efficiency tweaks, the total consumed power may not decrease. Lenovo product manager Alex Zhu told me its looking at running its Legion Go Ss Z2 Go chip at around 20 watts, which might give it worse battery life than the 15-watt-and-below Steam Deck even if its GPU is more capable. AMD also confirmed the Z2 Go is less powerful than the prior-gen Z1 Extreme.AMD senior fellow Mahesh Subramony told me the companys flagship Z2 Extreme chip, on TSMCs shrunk-down N4P process node with a mix of newer Zen 5, Zen 5c and RDNA 3.5 cores, should be both more efficient and much more capable than the Z2 Go, and quite a bit better than the Z1 Extreme as well, but its not a leap forward. That may require AMDs even newer RDNA 4 graphics, and it may require bespoke processors.The MSI Claw 8 AI Plus uses an Intel Lunar Lake chip. Photo by Antonio G. Di Benedetto / The VergeDont hold your breath if youre hoping Intel might provide meaningful competition in the handheld chip realm. While early reviews of the Intel Lunar Lake chip in the revised MSI Claw 8 AI Plus are quite promising, its pricey Lunar Lake chip may be a bit of a one-off, with future Intel parts steering away from the power-saving on-die memory that Intel experimentally added. Im curious if thats why MSI hasnt fully launched the Claw as expected.Meanwhile, Intel certainly has bigger fish to fry right now than making custom handheld chips. Its not a market that were actively pursuing, but its a market were happy to enable, Intel VP of technical marketing Robert Hallock tells me of handheld gaming. It is somewhat extracurricular, he added, explaining that its a fun and exciting but small market and that Intel has to pick its battles. Were coming off admittedly, about five, six years of strife and we have to decide where we want to invest..Some manufacturers have been able to improve the battery life disadvantage of todays off-the-shelf AMD chips by including a much larger battery pack the Asus ROG Ally X doubled the size of its predecessors pack to 80 watt-hours, and its no longer the only 80Wh handheld you can buy. But that comes with size and weight tradeoffs that can only be partially engineered away.We need handheld makers to join together and make a case for better chips.The Steam Deck still starts at $399, even if the $529 OLED model is superior. Photo by The VergePriceThe PC industry also needs to cut prices if it wants a chance to eat Nintendos lunch.The Nintendo Switch debuted at $299 in 2017 around $380 in todays money and the OLED version arrived at $349 in 2021. A year later, Valves Steam Deck debuted at $399. But today, the only Windows handheld gaming PC I can recommend costs $799, roughly twice the price of an entry-level Deck, and most Windows handhelds have started at $600 and up. High-end options are great, but the space may remain niche without low-end options, too.Only the least expensive model of Lenovos SteamOS variant of the Legion Go S will lower that bar to $499 this May. And all of those prices are still more than Sony or Microsoft charges for a TV console with far more performance, and likely more than Nintendo will charge for the Switch 2.Im not sure what exactly PC makers would need to do to challenge the Switch on price, but its likely not simple. Valve CEO Gabe Newell said it was painful but critical to launch the Steam Deck at $399, hinting that the company may have followed the razor-and-blades business model where console makers initially sell hardware at a loss, then make the money back as people buy games. If so, thats a tough act to follow, as no other PC maker controls the worlds largest PC games store and can afford to subsidize a handheld that way.RelatedBut not every console has been a loss leader: Nintendo reportedly never sold the Switch at a loss, and Sony stopped selling the PS5 at a loss less than a year after its debut. So its possible to cut prices with the right bill of materials and economies of scale. Lenovo explicitly told me it worked with AMD on the Z2 Go chip to help lower the Legion Go Ss price, for example.To compete with Nintendo, a company like Microsoft or Valve or even Sony needs to lead the charge, securing the components and offering the right operating system for dozens of true Switch competitors Imagine dozens of portable Xboxes or PlayStations or Steam Machines, instead of each PC maker marching to the beat of their own drum.I think its time for an industry-wide push on handheld gaming. It might be the future of gaming, period. Theres too much at stake to tackle it one half-baked Windows handheld at a time.

"A material that mimics superpowers is always a very, very good thing."With Great PowerTufts University biotech researcher Marco Lo Presti made an astonishing discovery while investigating how silk and dopamine allow mussels to stick to rocky surfaces."While using acetone to clean the glassware of this silk and dopamine substance," he told Wired, "I noticed it was undergoing a transition into a solid format, into a web-looking material, into something that looked like a fiber."Lo Presti and his colleagues immediately got to work, investigating whether the sticky fibers could be turned into a "remote adhesive."The result is an astonishingly "Spider Man"-like silk that can be shot not unlike the superhero's wrist-mounted web shooters, as detailed in a paper published in the journal Advanced Functional Materials last year.While it won't allow an adult person to swing from skyscraper to skyscraper any time soon, the results speak for themselves. Footage of the team's experiments shows strands of the material being dripped onto a number of objects from several inches above, forming a solid connection in a matter of seconds and allowing the object to be carried away.The researcher's collaborator, Tufts engineering professor Fiorenzo Omenetto, recalled being caught off guard by the accidental discovery."You explore and you play and you sort of connect the dots," he told Wired. "Part of the play that is very underestimated is where you say 'Hey, wait a second, is this like a Spider-Man thing?' And you brush it off at first, but a material that mimics superpowers is always a very, very good thing."Comes Great ResponsibilityIntriguingly, Lo Presti explained that no spider has the ability to "shoot a stream of solution, which turns into a fiber and does the remote capturing of a distant object."In other words, the discovery appears to be entirely new, despite initially being inspired by nature.The fibers also have an impressive tensile strength."We can now catch an object up to 30 or 35 centimeters away, and lift an object of around 15 to 20 grams," Lo Presti told Wired.But scaling it up could prove difficult."Everybody wants to know if we're going to be able to swing from buildings," Omenetto added, stopping short of hazarding a guess as to when or if that's possible."I mean you could probably lift a very heavy object, but thats one of the big questions what can you lift? Can you remotely drag something?" he added. "Silk is very, very strong, its very tough, it can lift incredible weights but this is silk in its natural form whether its from the spider or the silkworm."More on the silk shooters: Researchers Create Real-Life "Spider-Man" Web-Slinging TechShare This Article

Jan 26, 2025Ravie LakshmananAI Security / VulnerabilityA high-severity security flaw has been disclosed in Meta's Llama large language model (LLM) framework that, if successfully exploited, could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the llama-stack inference server. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2024-50050, has been assigned a CVSS score of 6.3 out of 10.0. Supply chain security firm Snyk, on the other hand, has assigned it a critical severity rating of 9.3."Affected versions of meta-llama are vulnerable to deserialization of untrusted data, meaning that an attacker can execute arbitrary code by sending malicious data that is deserialized," Oligo Security researcher Avi Lumelsky said in an analysis earlier this week.The shortcoming, per the cloud security company, resides in a component called Llama Stack, which defines a set of API interfaces for artificial intelligence (AI) application development, including using Meta's own Llama models.Specifically, it has to do with a remote code execution flaw in the reference Python Inference API implementation, was found to automatically deserialize Python objects using pickle, a format that has been deemed risky due to the possibility of arbitrary code execution when untrusted or malicious data is loading using the library."In scenarios where the ZeroMQ socket is exposed over the network, attackers could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted malicious objects to the socket," Lumelsky said. "Since recv_pyobj will unpickle these objects, an attacker could achieve arbitrary code execution (RCE) on the host machine."Following responsible disclosure on September 24, 2024, the issue was addressed by Meta on October 10 in version 0.0.41. It has also been remediated in pyzmq, a Python library that provides access to the ZeroMQ messaging library.In an advisory issued by Meta, the company said it fixed the remote code execution risk associated with using pickle as a serialization format for socket communication by switching to the JSON format.This is not the first time such deserialization vulnerabilities have been discovered in AI frameworks. In August 2024, Oligo detailed a "shadow vulnerability" in TensorFlow's Keras framework, a bypass for CVE-2024-3660 (CVSS score: 9.8) that could result in arbitrary code execution due to the use of the unsafe marshal module.The development comes as security researcher Benjamin Flesch disclosed a high-severity flaw in OpenAI's ChatGPT crawler, which could be weaponized to initiate a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack against arbitrary websites.The issue is the result of incorrect handling of HTTP POST requests to the "chatgpt[.]com/backend-api/attributions" API, which is designed to accept a list of URLs as input, but neither checks if the same URL appears several times in the list nor enforces a limit on the number of hyperlinks that can be passed as input.This opens up a scenario where a bad actor could transmit thousands of hyperlinks within a single HTTP request, causing OpenAI to send all those requests to the victim site without attempting to limit the number of connections or prevent issuing duplicate requests.Depending on the number of hyperlinks transmitted to OpenAI, it provides a significant amplification factor for potential DDoS attacks, effectively overwhelming the target site's resources. The AI company has since patched the problem."The ChatGPT crawler can be triggered to DDoS a victim website via HTTP request to an unrelated ChatGPT API," Flesch said. "This defect in OpenAI software will spawn a DDoS attack on an unsuspecting victim website, utilizing multiple Microsoft Azure IP address ranges on which ChatGPT crawler is running."The disclosure also follows a report from Truffle Security that popular AI-powered coding assistants "recommend" hard-coding API keys and passwords, a risky piece of advice that could mislead inexperienced programmers into introducing security weaknesses in their projects."LLMs are helping perpetuate it, likely because they were trained on all the insecure coding practices," security researcher Joe Leon said.News of vulnerabilities in LLM frameworks also follows research into how the models could be abused to empower the cyber attack lifecycle, including installing the final stage stealer payload and command-and-control."The cyber threats posed by LLMs are not a revolution, but an evolution," Deep Instinct researcher Mark Vaitzman said. "There's nothing new there, LLMs are just making cyber threats better, faster, and more accurate on a larger scale. LLMs can be successfully integrated into every phase of the attack lifecycle with the guidance of an experienced driver. These abilities are likely to grow in autonomy as the underlying technology advances."Recent research has also demonstrated a new method called ShadowGenes that can be used for identifying model genealogy, including its architecture, type, and family by leveraging its computational graph. The approach builds on a previously disclosed attack technique dubbed ShadowLogic."The signatures used to detect malicious attacks within a computational graph could be adapted to track and identify recurring patterns, called recurring subgraphs, allowing them to determine a model's architectural genealogy," AI security firm HiddenLayer said in a statement shared with The Hacker News."Understanding the model families in use within your organization increases your overall awareness of your AI infrastructure, allowing for better security posture management."Found this article interesting? Follow us on Twitter and LinkedIn to read more exclusive content we post.SHARE

Free 99That TikTok ban might have been annoying for Marvel Snap players, but Second Dinner is making up for it with a whole lot of free stuffAnd it's not just for US players either.Image credit: Second Dinner/ Marvel News by Oisin Kuhnke Contributor Published on Jan. 26, 2025 Marvel Snap was down for a little while unexpectedly in the US due to the TikTok ban, so to make up for it, Second Dinner is giving everybody free stuff.Remember how TikTok got banned for a bit, but came back on the same day anyway? Yeah, well, as it turned out Marvel Snap had been banned too due to its publisher, Nuverse, being owned by TikTok owner Bytedance, though luckily the card game came back online just a couple of days later. In turn, developer Second Dinner is now looking for a new publisher so this doesn't happen again (as TikTok could still be permanently banned further down the line), but in the meantime, to make up for the downtime, it's giving all players - even those of us not in the US - some free bits.To see this content please enable targeting cookies. Second Dinner shared a lengthy statement on Twitter saying that it "cant thank you all enough for being so patient with us through this downtime ordeal. Your outpouring of support to all of us at Second Dinner was heard and greatly appreciated." It went on to note how many players shared that they were missing out on time-based content, so to compensate for this downtime, there'll be different packages handed out depending on whether you're in the US or not, and what collection level you have. To see this content please enable targeting cookies.US-based players with collection levels over 500 will get things like 5000 season pass XP, 6200 collector's tokens, 5 gold conquest tickets, 155 x5 random boosters, and a lot more than that, whereas those under collection level 500 will be getting slightly less overall. Non-US based players with a collection level over 500 will get even less than that, and under level 500 less still, but considering they didn't miss out on any playtime I'm sure it'll still be welcome. You can check out the full list of what you can get in Second Dinner's statement.The priority for the team has been getting the game back online, so there's no date on when all these bonuses will be in your inbox, but Second Dinner said they should be coming sometime next week, so just keep an eye out for now.

Knock KnockHere we go again: Resident Evil is getting another movie reboot, and it might just have the perfect director for it tooThe film is currently part of a bidding war between studios.Image credit: Constantin Film News by Oisin Kuhnke Contributor Published on Jan. 26, 2025 Resident Evil is turning live-action once again with a new reboot, so now comes the question of whether it can escape its campy but mediocre past.The Resident Evil series is obviously an immensely popular one, enough so that it's had plenty of live-action adaptations over the years, some better than others, none of them all that great. A lot of the films have been helmed by Paul W. S. Anderson, but the most recent one, 2021's Welcome to Raccoon City, directed by Johannes Roberts, was a big ole box office flop. Since then, there was the 2022 Netflix series simply titled Resident Evil, but for the most part it's been pretty quiet on the live-action adaptation front. Except now, according to The Hollywood Reporter, a reboot is on the way for the film side of things, with Barbarian director Zach Cregger taking over the director's chair this time around.To see this content please enable targeting cookies. Right now various studios are apparently engaged in a bidding war for the reboot, with four studios in total trying to edge each other out, Warner Bros. and Netflix supposedly among them. The film will be produced by Constantin Film, which has held the film and TV rights to the series since the late '90s, and it'll be doing so alongside PlayStation Productions. To me that certainly implies that the scope will be along the lines of more recent big game adaptations a la Uncharted and the upcoming Horizon: Zero Dawn movie, rather than something a bit cheaper like the aforementioned Welcome to Raccoon City. Shay Hatten, best known for his work on John Wick: Chapter 4 and Zack Snyders Army of the Dead, is reportedly set to co-write the new adaptation, too.Cregger is a pretty good name to have attached to a series like Resident Evil - Barbarian grossed $45 million on only an estimated $4 million budget, and reviewed positively too, an impressive feat for such a small film. It's fun and a bit silly in places too, which is exactly what Resident Evil could do with. Considering we're still in the bidding war stages, I imagine we won't see this one for a while, so you'll just have to hope that Capcom has a new game announcement coming soon.