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In recent years, the Great Lakes have been subject to some wild rumors, including the claim that a mysterious force, the supposed Great Lakes Triangle, was responsible for ships vanishing. Scientists countered that most shipwrecks actually occurred outside of the fictional triangle and were accounted for in a database.Such spooktacular stories may soon be put to rest. In 2019, the U.S. began a seafloor mapping initiative that included the Great Lakes. The project should be able to take note of sunken vessels or other objects resting on the lakebed.The seafloor mapping initiative involves all U.S. coastlines, including those as far as Alaska or remote Pacific islands. Scientists working with the project say it will help make navigation safer and has the potential to protect marine habitats and heritage sites.The Seafloor Mapping InitiativeA Presidential Executive Order in 2018 created the Ocean Policy Council. A year later, the White House directed the Council to begin a mapping and exploration initiative for the Great Lakes and all U.S. coastlines. The waters span 3,590,600 square nautical miles and include the Great Lakes, the Gulf of Mexico, East and West coastlines, the Alaskan coastline, remote Pacific islands, and Caribbean territories.Since the project began, scientists have mapped more than 52 percent of U.S. waters.Seafloor mapping is important for safe navigation, says Shannon Hoy, an expedition coordinator team lead with NOAA Ocean Exploration. It can also help scientists manage coral reefs, and in the future, it can guide marine infrastructures such as wind farms.From my perspective, its understanding our planet, Hoy says. We want to explore and know, and how can we know if we dont know what is there? The goal is to further spur scientific interpretation and research.The seafloor mapping initiative is also benefitting from a global cooperative of scientists who Hoy says are sharing their countrys data and enabling a larger understanding of what lies beneath the worlds waterlines.Look Out BelowAlthough the technology to map the seafloor is new, the desire to know what lurks below dates back to the Ancients.Seafloor mapping has been going on for thousands of years, Hoy says.In the past, seafarers stuck poles into the water to see how far they went down, or they lowered ropes with designated knots that measured the distance. In the twentieth century, sonar technology increased, particularly during World War II when sound was used for navigating underwater, Hoy says.Single-beam technology followed, but the data was low-resolution and sometimes incomplete, says Jennifer Boehme, the CEO of the Great Lakes Observing System, a nonprofit that supports scientific research.Today, we utilize advanced multibeam sonar, laser-based imaging, and uncrewed vessels to collect high-quality data, says Boehme.Why Map the Seafloor?Currently, those multibeam sonars have completed 15 percent of the Great Lakes bed mapping. Boehme says that more funding is needed in order to advance the project, and legislation has been proposed in Congress but is in the process of working its way through the system.If the project is able to continue as planned, Boehme says there are significant scientific and environmental benefits.Seafloor mapping is critical for understanding and protecting the Great Lakes, which hold 21 percent of the worlds fresh surface water and support over 3,500 plant and animal species, Boehme says.Seafloor mapping can also help with the turbulent weather that rolls over the Great Lakes. The Great Lakes are actually in-land seas that can produce hurricane-force winds. Understanding the lakebed could help scientists predict waves during powerful storms and how they might impact the shoreline or influence floodingWithout knowing the lake floors shape and features, we cannot fully understand or sustainably manage the Great Lakes as a system. We see this project as critical for preserving the ecological and economic health of the Great Lakes, Boehme says.Article SourcesOur writers at Discovermagazine.com use peer-reviewed studies and high-quality sources for our articles, and our editors review for scientific accuracy and editorial standards. Review the sources used below for this article:NOAA. About the NOMEC StrategyEmilie Lucchesi has written for some of the country's largest newspapers, including The New York Times, Chicago Tribune and Los Angeles Times. She holds a bachelor's degree in journalism from the University of Missouri and an MA from DePaul University. She also holds a Ph.D. in communication from the University of Illinois-Chicago with an emphasis on media framing, message construction and stigma communication. Emilie has authored three nonfiction books. Her third, A Light in the Dark: Surviving More Than Ted Bundy, releases October 3, 2023, from Chicago Review Press and is co-authored with survivor Kathy Kleiner Rubin.

Fossilized whitebark pine trees remained buried inside frozen tundra for thousands of years. Credit: Gregory PedersonShareAn ancient fossilized forest in Montana is reemerging 600 feet higher than the present-day tree line after spending the last 5,500 years encased in alpine tundra. But as temperatures continue to warm, researchers say the ecological evidence hints at what may eventually return to the region.Montanas Beartooth Plateau in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem of the Rocky Mountains has remained covered in frozen tundra for thousands of years. But during the Mid-Holocene epoch, warm season temperatures more resembled those of the mid-to-late-20th-century. This allowed forests in the area to reach mountainside elevations as high as around 10,000 feet above sea level. These regions were largely populated by whitebark pine trees (Pinus albicaulis), a species of conifer that typically ranges between 16 and 22 feet tall.A whitebark pine subfossil revealed beneath a melting ice patch in the Yellowstone region indicates that a mature forest grew above current tree line about 6,000 years ago, when the temperatures were similar to 20th century conditions and cooler than present. Credit: Daniel Stahle About 5,500-years-ago, however, increased volcanic activity in the Northern Hemisphere blanketed the Earths atmosphere in particulates, blocking sunlight and causing the climate to cool rapidly. As the forests receded towards warmer weather, alpine tundra took its place across the Beartooth Plateau. Tundra as a biome is defined by its lack of trees due to consistently cold temperatures and short growing seasons. There are three main classifications of tundra: arctic, Antarctic, and alpine, the latter distinct for its mountainous altitudes. Unlike glacier formations, icy tundra doesnt shift location over time, allowing for the layered preservation of fossils, pollen, and charcoal.Those layers are now becoming accessible to researchers for the first time as temperatures trend warmer thanks to human-induced climate change. Their findings, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, hint at what Beartooth Plateauand areas similar to itmay look like once again.Most of our best long-term climate records come from Greenland and Antarctica, paper co-author and Montana State University Department of Earth Sciences associate professor David McWethy said in a statement earlier this month. Its not a small thing to find ice patches that persisted for that long of a time period at lower latitudes in the interior continent.Scientists study an ice patch on the Beartooth Plateau in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Montana State University researchers are collecting ice cores to study the history of high-elevation environments as preserved in the fossils and ice chemistry of different layers. Credit: Joe McConnell/Desert Research Institute McWethy and a team of researchers traveled to Beartooth Plateau multiple times since 2016 to gather ice core samples and analyzed cross-sections of newly exposed fossilized wood for radiocarbon dating. Their findings indicate the plateaus treeline migrated higher over a period of around 500 years as conditions were moist and temperate.This is pretty dramatic evidence of ecosystem change due to temperature warming. Its an amazing story of how dynamic these systems are, McWethy added.Researchers believe the recently re-exposed pine fossils may serve as a precursor to the return of higher elevation forests. They also believe that, while their study is localized, the implications likely extend to elsewhere around the world.Growing season temperatures are the primary control on tree line elevation and latitude, explained Greg Pederson, a US Geological Survey paleoclimatologist and study lead author. At the same time, Pederson listed other influences depending on location, such as snowpack, wind, moisture, and human disturbance. Get the Popular Science newsletter Breakthroughs, discoveries, and DIY tips sent every weekday. By signing up you agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy.The team notes that these complex variablesespecially in the context of climate changemean that its impossible to know for certain what ecosystems like the Beartooth Plateau will look like in a few generations time. Warmer weather is necessary for forest growth, but so is rainfall and biodiversity.The return of such woodlands isnt necessarily a desired outcome, either. Researchers caution that the disappearance of high-elevation snowpacks in alpine tundra affects downstream water access crucial to electricity generation grids and agricultural irrigation. More trees in potentially drier areas also open the potential for increased wildfire outbreaks.

CosmologyHow we might finally find black holes from the cosmic dawnPrimordial black holes may have been born just after the Big Bangand might explain dark matter Scientists are on the hunt for black holes that could have formed before the first stars and galaxies.NASA and G. Bacon/STSCIBy Elizabeth Quill26 seconds agoAn undiscovered population of ancient black holes may be lurking throughout the universe. These bottomless cosmic pits would have a lot in common with more familiar black holes; in some cases, the two may be indistinguishable. But unlike their kin, these undiscovered black holes wouldnt have formed from a massive star collapsing in on itself, nor would they be peers of the supermassive black holes that feed at the centers of galaxies.Instead, these black holes would have been born in the earliest epochs after the Big Bang before stars and galaxies even appeared.

NOAA has declared that a La Nia is underway. This cool weather event is likely to be shorter and weaker than usual, but will still affect global weather and climate.

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The first major professional tennis tournament of the year, the Australian Open, is underway now in Melbourne. New for the 2025 event is an alternate broadcast that makes players look like something out of Wii Sports. The Australian Open organizers rolled out what they are calling "AO Animated" versions of tennis matches this year, featuring animated, video game-looking versions of the real players.As you can see in the video game, from the Jacob Fearnley vs. Nick Kyrgios match, the animation is far from perfect--at times, the player's racket and the tennis ball vanish out of thin air. The audio doesn't sync up perfectly, either. But it's pretty solid, all things considered. You can watch more of these matches on the Australian Open YouTube page under the "Live" tab. Broadcasts of this nature are becoming more and more popular these days. Before this, the NFL and Disney+ partnered to air a very bizarre-looking Simpsons-themed broadcast of the Cincinnati Bengals vs. Dallas Cowboys game on December 9. This broadcast had the likes of Homer, Bart, Moe, Carl, Barney, and Lenny suiting up and making plays on the field.Continue Reading at GameSpot

The latest update for Call of Duty: Warzone appears to be causing some fresh problems for the battle royale game. Call of Duty: Warzone has been a big hit since it first released in 2020. A standalone Call of Duty BR experience, Warzone's popularity peaked during the pandemic, but has maintained a large fanbase due to frequent updates.

I'm currently working on something that is somewhat related to what you're talking about. When the game starts and units start pilling up in both bases one player makes the assumption that the other's player unit are in his base (and that's where the hipotetical or ghost units are placed) . When the first player starts exploring the map and the other player's unit position doesn't check out the hipotetical units need to be moved somewhere out of sight. The leaves need to be blown somewhere el

Skate is expected to be released in early access this year, but console players can take a peek early as console playtesting begins. Electronic Arts HAS opened up sign-ups for a closed, console playtesting period thats ongoing to access Skate, youll need to sign-up on the Skate website. Not everyone will get in, however.console playtesting is happening! if you want a chance to playtest skate. and help shape the future of the game be sure to sign up to be a skate. Insider through the link in our bio. pic.twitter.com/Kqq5yvyxoW skate. (@skate) January 9, 2025Electronic Arts has done several playtests in the past, including as far back at 2022. Early playtests like Skates are not the norm in the video game industry; Electronic Arts has been quite open about development for this title. Were still in the development stages of skate. and are bringing insiders like you into the game much sooner than is the norm in our industry, a representative wrote on the Skate insider FAQ page. Were incredibly passionate about skate. and want to ensure were building the best possible game, and thats why we want you playing and providing valued feedback ahead of a worldwide launch.The new Skate game was officially confirmed in 2020, and in 2021, Electronic Arts announced it had created a new studio, called Full Circle, to make the game. The last Skate game was released in 2010 by Electronic Arts Canadian studio Black Box in 2013, preceded by Skate 2 in 2009 and Skate in 2007. Black Box has since been merged into Electronic Arts Canada.The last big Skate update was last year, when Electronic Arts and Full Circle touched on art, worldbuilding, gameplay mechanics, narrative, and character customization in a blog past. Part of that update included a live action, in-world video starring I Think You Should Leaves Tim Robinson. The video debuted at Summer Game Fest, bringing players into Skates world of San Vansterdam and introducing corporate overlords M-Corp.Theres still no official release date for Skates early access release.