How much is your Steam library worth? The hacker behind one recent leak was looking to bag from dark web shoppers. That trove of data turned out to be a bust, but it's a good reminder of just how much sensitive information about you these services collect.As with any site, you should be using a strong, unique password on Steam, but you can strengthen your account security with Steam Guard, which requires an access code to verify your account on unrecognized devices via email or the Steam app. Here's how to set it up.How to Enable Steam GuardOn the Steam desktop app, visit Steam > Settings > Security > Manage Steam Guard. On the web, click your name, then select Account Details > Security & Devices > Get backup codes.You can then choose a multi-factor authentication method for the account when you log in from an unknown device. Selecting Get Steam Guard codes from the Steam app on my phone will essentially turn the Steam mobile app into an authenticator app for your Steam account. Choose Get Steam Guard codes by email if you want to receive login codes to the email address on file. You can also turn off Steam Guard here, though we don't recommend it.How to Authenticate From the Steam AppTo get codes from your phone, open the mobile appand tap the shield icon in the middle of the bottom toolbar. Select Add authenticator and add your phone number, then verify the action via email and SMS. Steam Guard will then generate a backup code that will help you recover the account in the event you lose access, lose your phone, or delete the Steam app.From now on, when you try to sign in to Steam, you can use the app on your phone to scan a QR code that will authenticate your identity. The app will ask you to confirm the sign-in attempt to continue without entering a username and password.Recommended by Our EditorsIf youtry to sign into Steam from an unknown device, you'll be asked to authenticate from the mobile app. The app should notify you of the login attempt and give you the chance to approve or deny the request. For times when your phone lacks an internet connection, tap the Show Steam Guard code in the bottom corner of the Steam Guard screen to view a passcode that can be entered on the computer to gain entry.For additional security, tap the gear icon in the Steam Guard screen, and choose Security Settings. You can then press Enable Biometric Authentication to require a fingerprint for authentication purposes. You can then set when this authentication is needed and when the app will re-lock.How to Revoke Access to Unknown DevicesThe above measures should keep your account secure, but if someone manages to gain access, you'll be able to see the location of the device and remove it. Head to the security settings of your Steam account and find the section called Authorized Devices. In the mobile app, tap the Steam Guard tab, select the gear icon, and choose Authorized Devices. You'll be able to view a specific device and remove access accordingly.How to Generate a Backup CodeIf you lose the phone, delete the authenticator app, or otherwise lose access to your account, a backup code can help you recover it. To find that code, head to the security settings in your account and click Get backup codes. You'll need to press Get Backup Codes, enter a code sent over SMS, and then click Generate Codes Now to make it appear. It's easier to see in the app: Open the Steam Guard tab, tap the gear icon, and choose Recovery Code to immediately see the six-digit code. #worried #abour #your #steam #account

When Huawei shocked the global tech industry with its Mate 60 Pro smartphone featuring an advanced 7-nanometer chip despite sweeping US technology restrictions, it demonstrated that innovation finds a way even under the heaviest sanctions. The US response was swift and predictable: tighter export controls and expanded restrictions.Now, with reports suggesting Huawei’s Ascend AI chips are approaching Nvidia-level performance—though the Chinese company remains characteristically silent about these developments—America has preemptively escalated its semiconductor war to global proportions. The Trump administration’s declaration that using Huawei’s Ascend chips “anywhere in the world” violates US export controls reveals more than policy enforcement—it exposes a fundamental fear that American technological dominance may no longer be guaranteed through restrictions alone.This global AI chip ban emerged on May 14, 2025, when President Donald Trump’s administration rescinded the Biden-era AI Diffusion Rule without revealing details of a replacement policy. Instead, the Bureau of Industry and Securityannounced guidance to “strengthen export controls for overseas AI chips,” specifically targeting Huawei’s Ascend processors. The new guidelines warn of “enforcement actions” including imprisonment and fines for any global business found using these Chinese-developed chips—a fundamental departure from traditional export controls, which typically govern what leaves a country’s borders, not what happens entirely outside them.The South China Morning Post reports that these new guidelines explicitly single out Huawei’s Ascend chips after scrapping the Biden administration’s country-tiered “AI diffusion” rule. But the implications of this global AI chip ban extend far beyond bilateral US-China tensions. By asserting jurisdiction over global technology choices, America essentially demands that sovereign nations and independent businesses worldwide comply with its domestic policy preferences.This extraterritorial approach raises fundamental questions about national sovereignty and international trade. Should a Brazilian AI startup be prevented from using the most cost-effective chip solution simply because those chips are manufactured by a Chinese company? Should European research institutions abandon promising collaborations because they involve hardware Washington deems unacceptable?According to Financial Times reporting, BIS stated that Huawei’s Ascend 910B, 910C, and 910D were all subject to the regulations as they were likely “designed with certain US software or technology or produced with semiconductor manufacturing equipment that is the direct product of certain US-origin software or technology, or both.”Industry resistance to universal controlsEven within the United States, the chipmaking sector expresses alarm about Washington’s semiconductor policies. The aggressive expansion of export controls creates uncertainty beyond Chinese companies, affecting global supply chains and innovation partnerships built over decades.“Washington’s new guidelines are essentially forcing global tech firms to pick a side – Chinese or US hardware – which will further deepen the tech divide between the world’s two largest economies,” analysts note. This forced binary choice ignores the nuanced reality of modern technology development, where innovation emerges from diverse, international collaborations.The economic implications prove staggering. Recent analysis indicates Huawei’s Ascend 910B AI chip delivers 80% of Nvidia A100’s efficiency when training large language models, though “in some other tests, Ascend chips can beat the A100 by 20%.” By blocking access to competitive alternatives, this global AI chip ban may inadvertently stifle innovation and maintain artificial market monopolies.The innovation paradoxPerhaps most ironically, policies intended to maintain American technological leadership may undermine it. Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang acknowledged earlier this month that Huawei was “one of the most formidable technology companies in the world,” noting that China was “not behind” in AI development.Attempting to isolate such capabilities through global restrictions may accelerate the development of parallel technology ecosystems, ultimately reducing American influence rather than preserving it. The secrecy surrounding Huawei’s Ascend chips—with the company keeping “details of its AI chips close to its chest, with only public information coming from third-party teardown reports”—has intensified with US sanctions.Following escalating restrictions, Huawei stopped officially disclosing information about the series, including release dates, production schedules, and fabrication technologies. The chips specified in current US restrictions, including the Ascend 910C and 910D, haven’t even been officially confirmed by Huawei.Geopolitical ramificationsIn a South China Morning Post’s report, Chim Lee, a senior analyst at the Economist Intelligence Unit, warns that “if the guidance is enforced strictly, it is likely to provoke retaliation from China” and could become “a negotiating point in ongoing trade talks between Washington and Beijing.” This assessment underscores the counterproductive nature of aggressive unilateral action in an interconnected global economy.The semiconductor industry thrives on international collaboration, shared research, and open competition. Policies that fragment this ecosystem serve no one’s long-term interests—including America’s. As the global community grapples with challenges from climate change to healthcare innovation, artificial barriers preventing the best minds from accessing optimal tools ultimately harm human progress.Beyond binary choicesThe question isn’t whether nations should protect strategic interests—they should and must. But when export controls extend “anywhere in the world,” we cross from legitimate national security policy into technological authoritarianism. The global technology community deserves frameworks that balance security concerns with innovation imperatives.This global AI chip ban risks accelerating the technological fragmentation it seeks to prevent. History suggests markets divided by political decree often spawn parallel innovation ecosystems that compete more effectively than those operating under artificial constraints.Rather than extending controls globally, a strategic approach would focus on out-innovating competitors through superior technology and international partnerships. The current path toward technological bifurcation serves neither American interests nor global innovation—it simply creates a more fragmented, less efficient world where artificial barriers replace natural competition.The semiconductor industry’s future depends on finding sustainable solutions that address legitimate security concerns without dismantling the collaborative networks that drive technological advancement. As this global AI chip ban takes effect, the world watches to see whether innovation will flourish through competition or fragment through control.See also: Huawei’s AI hardware breakthrough challenges Nvidia’s dominanceWant to learn more about AI and big data from industry leaders? Check out AI & Big Data Expo taking place in Amsterdam, California, and London. The comprehensive event is co-located with other leading events including Intelligent Automation Conference, BlockX, Digital Transformation Week, and Cyber Security & Cloud Expo.Explore other upcoming enterprise technology events and webinars powered by TechForge here. #can #really #enforce #global #chip

Sharp knives are key to avoiding any unwanted tears. Credit: Deposit Photos Get the Popular Science daily newsletter💡 Breakthroughs, discoveries, and DIY tips sent every weekday. Suggestions to avoid the dreaded onion-induced tears in the kitchen run the gamut of ideas—from freezing them, to cutting them underwater, to sporting special goggles, to even stuffing some bread in your mouth beforehand. But what’s the actual science say about how to escape your next onion encounter unscathed? According to a team of physicists at Cornell University, it’s all about the sharpness of your weapon of choice and your speed of approach. Their findings are laid out in a preprint study—and it even involves a tiny onion guillotine. Onions have been an agricultural staple as far back as at least 3000 BCE. Ancient Egyptians actually revered them as representations of eternity due to their concentric inner layers, and would place the vegetables in the tombs of pharaohs. Apart from their spiritual use, onions also have very clear health and medicinal benefits, particularly when it comes to their nutritional, antioxidant content, and antibacterial properties. But after over five million years  of use around the world, the fact remains that one onion compound in particular still poses a problem for our eyes: syn-propanethial-S-oxide. The chemical is released in the sulphur-rich spray that accompanies dicing the vegetables, which then travels through the air and eventually comes into contact with your tear ducts. To test the dynamics of these aerosols and how to best avoid them, the Cornell researchers set up a small guillotine outfitted with various steel blades before coating onion quarters with black spray paint. This wasn’t to establish a more funereal mood in the lab, but instead to help the team track the onion’s  deformation in response to the blade. After using an electron microscope to measure the blade tip’s width, they  commenced slicing at speeds between 1.3 and 6.5 feet per second. But no word of if that could match the current Guinness World Record for most onions peeled and sliced in a minute–21.69 ounces.  Their recordings clearly showed that sharper blades offered fewer droplets traveling with less energy. The duller the blade, the more it was liable to bend the onion’s skin before cutting. These delays stored elastic energy that built up pressure in the vegetable before ultimately slicing open, resulting in a more explosive release of juice. In some cases, the aerosol particles reached speeds around 141 feet per second. To make matters worse, those droplets fragmented while flying through the air to create an even more diffuse mist of all-natural mace. Dull knives can be such a nuisance that they even create as much as 40 times as many droplets as a sharper alternative. Meanwhile, faster cutting speeds generated four times as many particles as slower rates.  The data from this preprint still needs to be peer reviewed. Yet from this research it seems pretty clear that a sharp knife and a slow approach will most consistently minimize the undesirable effects of onions. What you do with all those sliced bits, however, is totally up to you. #how #avoid #crying #while #cutting

By Matt Novak Published May 16, 2025 | Comments| Elon Musk waves as he arrives for a state dinner at the Lusail Palace on May 14, 2025, in Doha, Qatar. © Photo by Win McNamee/Getty Images Elon Musk’s artificial intelligence tool Grok went haywire on Wednesday, responding to innocuous questions on X with information about “white genocide” in South Africa. It was a confusing and sometimes hilarious glitch, but we now have some answers about what happened from xAI. And frankly, they just leave us with more questions. xAI posted a tweet Thursday night laying out its explanation, including the exact time that changes were made to Grok that made it pump out sentences about “white genocide” no matter what users asked. “On May 14 at approximately 3:15 AM PST, an unauthorized modification was made to the Grok response bot’s prompt on X,” xAI wrote. “This change, which directed Grok to provide a specific response on a political topic, violated xAI’s internal policies and core values. We have conducted a thorough investigation and are implementing measures to enhance Grok’s transparency and reliability.” You’ll notice that xAI, which is owned by Elon Musk, strongly suggests there was an internal actor who made this “unauthorized modification” but doesn’t use the language you’d expect if it was an employee at the company. And we’re guessing that might have something to do with the fact that it wasn’t an employee necessarily, but the owner. Musk has long been obsessed with the “white genocide” conspiracy theory, the idea that white people are being killed around the world by nonwhite people. The conspiracy theory often includes elements of anti-semitism and is similar to the so-called Great Replacement conspiracy theory, which claims global elites are trying to replace white people with other races in wealthy countries around the world. Musk is particularly interested in the supposed “white genocide” that’s happening in South Africa, the country where he was born and raised before emigrating to Canada and then eventually the U.S., and has shared tweets where he insists white farmers are being slaughtered for their race. The day before Grok started acting oddly, Musk quote-tweeted a post about South Africa that contained misinformation. The person Musk was quote-tweeting posted video that showed a street in South Africa where hundreds of white crosses had been placed on each side. The poster claimed that each cross represented a white farmer who had been murdered. “Each cross represents a white farmer who was murdered in South Africa,” the account Dr. Maalof wrote. “And some people still deny that white South Africans/Boers are persecuted and say they don’t deserve asylum because they are white.” Musk shared the tweet with “So many crosses,” and naturally a bunch of X users asked Grok if this was true. Grok responded that the crosses were called Witkruis Monument and each cross actually represents farmers of any race who’ve been killed. The next day, people started to notice that Grok was acting weird, responding to unrelated queries with information about white genocide. Changes were made to Grok at 3:15 a.m. PT, which led to jokes Thursday night about how late Musk stays up each night. The billionaire frequently tweets at all hours, but you don’t need to assume Musk was up late to think he may have been behind the change to Grok. The billionaire oligarch is currently in the Middle East with President Donald Trump, meeting with world leaders. Qatar’s timezone is 10 hours ahead of Pacific Time, meaning it was 1:15 p.m. in Qatar when the tinkering was taking place. Elon’s Jet, the social media account that tracks Musk’s plane and has been banned from X, shows the billionaire was soon to be landing in Doha when all of this was happening. Landed in Doha, Ad-Dawhah Municipality, Qatar. Apx. flt. time 16 min.— Elon Musk’s Jet TrackingMay 14, 2025 at 5:06 AM To be clear, we don’t have proof that Musk was involved. It’s entirely possible that some workers at xAI saw Musk getting fact-checked by Grok about white genocide and wanted to tilt the AI tool in their boss’s favor. But Musk is notorious for tinkering with his products to suit his needs and make himself feel better. There’s an infamous story, first reported by Platformer in 2023, where Musk became extremely upset about President Joe Biden’s Super Bowl tweet getting more likes and views than Musk’s. Biden’s tweet about the Super Bowl received 29 million impressions and Musk’s just 9 million, prompting Musk to fly back to Twitter’s headquarters in San Francisco to demand changes to the algorithm. Those changes made it so that users on X were seeing an absolute flood of Musk tweets. It wasn’t subtle. We’re guessing something similar happened here. xAI wrote on Thursday night it would start publishing system prompts to Github in an effort to be more transparent and “putting in place a 24/7 monitoring team to respond to incidents with Grok’s answers that are not caught by automated systems, so we can respond faster if all other measures fail.” This, of course, makes it sound like this was a problem of automation rather than an insecure man-child tinkering with his multimillion dollar toy to make himself feel better. But whatever they have to tell themselves. The long and the short of it? These systems are inherently biased by the way they’re trained. And they’re also incredibly difficult to manipulate with precision, given the way large language models work. Grok is essentially just a fancy predictive text machine. And as long as Musk has control of tools to shape public opinion, he’s going to use them—unfortunately, for fascist purposes. Daily Newsletter You May Also Like By Isaiah Colbert Published May 16, 2025 By Lucas Ropek Published May 16, 2025 By Matt Novak Published May 16, 2025 By Lucas Ropek Published May 15, 2025 By Matt Novak Published May 15, 2025 By Vanessa Taylor Published May 15, 2025 #elon #musks #xai #says #unauthorized

Inviting people over to hang out at my house is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, I don’t need to leave home. On the other, I’m plagued by anxiety, not because I don’t enjoy seeing my friends, but because of all the tidying and cleaning I feel pressured to do even for a casual evening of watching TV. In an instant, I transform into my mother, frantically scrubbing and organizing. To welcome guests into a house that shows signs of life — a pile of unopened mail sitting on the dining room table or crumbs in the couch cushions — is to open yourself up to judgment. It’s a common sentiment among those of hosting age: the manic cleaning that precedes the arrival of guests, memed and parodied ad infinitum. Of course these concerns primarily afflict women — centuries of socialization have reinforced the notion that the condition of a home is a woman’s business.Mothers, who are somehow expected to be the primary caretaker and keep the house spotless on top of everything else, carry an even heavier domestic burden. Whenever Ciara Bogdanovic’s clients come to her with these concerns, she can’t assure them that no one is judging the state of their home. But she can promise them that the majority of people aren’t. “Often,” Bogdanovic, a licensed marriage and family therapist, says, “we project our own beliefs about ourselves onto what we believe others are thinking.”But here’s the thing about hanging out at home: It’s free, low-key, and convenient. And we should be looking for more ways to find connection, not less, given the negative physical and mental health consequences of loneliness and social isolation. Many people crave more time with their friends, yet the anxiety of hosting what should be an undemanding get-together may preclude them from seeing their buds more often. So the only rule you really need to keep in mind is to make sure your house is just tidy enough for guests to relax, experts say. Fear of having a space that looks like people live there shouldn’t hold you back from spending time with friends. If they’re judging you, that’s a reflection on them. The fear of judgmentPersonal standards for how a home “should” look before hosting are shaped by past experiences, Bogdanovic says. Many people either had a relative who stressed the importance of cleaning up for guests or saw the caricature depicted in culture — or online. Across social media, images of uber-organized homes and performative cleaning videos create the false perception that the average home looks like a magazine. We also have a tendency to compare our spaces to those of our friends. “You’re comparing your behind-the-scenes with someone else’s highlight reel,” says KC Davis, a therapist and author of How to Keep House While Drowning. “When you’re at home, you’re looking at your home the way it really looks in the midst of living there. When you go over to other people’s homes, most people are cleaning before you get there.” This tendency to compare is also why you might find yourself subconsciously spotting dust bunnies in a friend’s home. “There might be some conclusions we’re trying to draw,” says licensed clinical social worker Alyssa Petersel. “Is this person doing better or worse than I am in life, financially? Is their style more or less like what I want my style to be?” These observations impact how we view ourselves.Assuming you don’t want to be critiqued about your own home, it’s always best to suspend judgment about how others live. Unless the state of their home poses a danger to those living there, what they choose to clean — or not — before you come over is not worth commenting on. “What is important to you in a friendship?” Bogdanovic says. “Is cleanliness and perfection really the most important thing? Or would you prefer someone who listens to you and you have fun with?”Aim for clean enoughThe primary goal of a host should be to pay attention to guests, not a stray toy. Davis says to focus your efforts on making the room where you’ll be hanging out comfortable for guests. Think practically: providing a place to sit, making sure the floor is clear so people can walk around, offering drinks and snacks on fresh dishes, ensuring the bathroom is clean. The dishes in the sink or your disorganized bedroom? Not so much a priority. “As long as things are sanitary, people aren’t going to remember what it looks like,” Davis says. “They’re going to remember the way that they felt and the time that they had while they were there.”Whatever you do, don’t apologize for the state of your house, experts say. If you feel awkward when you notice a guest eye your disorganized coat rack, you can cut the tension with a quick joke, like, “Come on in, we live here!” or, “The kids have taken over with their jackets.” If you’re still feeling self-conscious, Bogdanovic suggests observing your friends’ actions and body language. Are they looking around your house or sitting rigidly trying to keep as little of their body from touching your sofa as possible? Or are they lounging and engaging in conversation? Take stock of what’s actually happening, not what you’re imagining is happening. Unless you truly value spending hours cleaning, focus on your priorities, Bogdanovic says, which is probably spending quality time with your friends — an activity that contributes to happiness more than a clean house. Letting friends into your space, mess and all, breaks the cycle of perfectionism. Once you ditch the expectation that homes should look like furniture showrooms, your friend group may feel more comfortable hosting despite the chaos in their kids’ rooms, too. “In the moments where we are a bit imperfect or we’re a little raw or we’re a little unpolished,” Petersel says, “we’re actually giving other people permission to show up as their full selves.”See More: #dont #let #messy #house #stop

Ravi Kunju, Chief Product and Strategy Officer, AltairMay 16, 20254 Min ReadZoonar GmbH via Alamy StockCIOs looking to propel digital transformation face a daunting task. They need to harness the power of data analytics and artificial intelligence. They need to empower their employees and serve their customers with the best software tools, compute resources, data infrastructure, and more. Yet to achieve this, CIOs need to navigate a ballooning budget and technology partners who might be hiking prices without giving you more features. A recent Forrester report found that nearly 80% of US organizations reported increases in software costs over the past year. Moreover, 4 in 5 tech leaders said they anticipated their organization’s adoption of generative AI will increase software costs. Prices are going up.  Instead of cutting the technology offered, CIO should explore changing their software licensing to improve their bottom line. Though the board might not get excited about licensing changes, they should. Complex agreements, the wrong licensing models cost an organization dearly -- both financially and technologically.  At the enterprise level, new types of models are emerging that could improve a company’s bottom line, including one that mimics a library system. They’re challenging the traditional per-seat model and could be the future of software licensing.  Related:Traditional Per-Seat Software Licensing for the Right Tools The per seat model, or named user licensing, has its benefits. For instance, when you have a limited set of people who need specific tools, or where there can be individualized attributes or access controls, like an enterprise resource planning system or customer relationship management software. However, there is risk in extending similar models into other domains like engineering simulation. An engineer and their team solving complex problems and running virtual simulations on computers are using several tools, all for different purposes, stages of design, and use cases. The Office of the CFO isn’t using one spreadsheet app -- they’re using CRMs, databases, accounting, and budgeting tools, etc.  And the company’s needs go beyond software. Your organization needs hardware: cloud resources, high-performance computingpower, mainframes, and beyond.  For the wrong tools, named user licensing can be like owning a car that’s always left running, or it can cause traffic jams for projects if only one person has access to a specific software.  Token-Based Systems Make It Easier to Track Usage Consumption licensing models -- where everyone draws from a shared, but finite “tank” of resources-- can be an improvement. They house resources under a single licensing framework and allow different user personas to navigate between tools as needed. They also give organizations more insight into costs and usage. This is a popular cloud licensing model, though the technology is also seeing continued inflation costs.    Related:But the tank for consumption models can run dry very fast. When it’s empty, you have to pay for more fuel. Plus, having that tank isn’t always helpful for controlling costs. What if someone accidentally runs a compute job overnight that uses all your fuel? You can’t get it back -- you have to buy more and hope it doesn’t happen again. There’s never a guarantee you won’t overshoot your budget. Value-Based Models are Interesting, but Subjective Value-based licensing is a relatively newer software licensing concept aligned with business outcomes. The idea is that the cost of the software is based purely on the benefits to the end customer. These models are well-suited for solutions that can easily quantify business benefits; however, these can be subjective and hard to implement and scale. They can also extend the sales cycle and make every transaction unique.  Related:A Library Model Combines Other Emergent Licensing Trends Growing in popularity is the flexible-hybrid model, which combines consumption-based and value-based licensing with a predetermined capacity commitment that can’t be exceeded.  It’s like a community e-library, wherein a variety of books can be checked out when needed and checked back in when not in use. In this example, the flexible-hybrid model would work by making certain books available to a team to check out. The only determination then is how many books each team member will borrow at once.  With flexible-hybrid models, CIOs can often get the best of everything: software/hardware resources in a single, shared environment, seamless access to tools/resources when and how you need them, and a brake that prevents runaway costs.  Research from ITAM found that more than 76% of organizations considered themselves “over-licensed.” These emerging software licensing models could fix that number. However, we’ll only see it take off if CIOs start critically evaluating their licensing models and asking their vendors for the flexible-hybrid approach. While AI tops the list of many business leaders’ priorities right now, making sure to secure AI tools that everyone can use, and within budget, should be up there, too.  About the AuthorRavi Kunju Chief Product and Strategy Officer, AltairRavi Kunju is responsible for the strategy and vision of Altair products, which includes facilitating the development, sales, pricing, and marketing of Altair’s solutions for multiple industry verticals, across all business lines. Previously, Kunju held several leadership roles at Altair including vice president of business strategy for Altair’s manufacturing solutions, vice president of strategy for enterprise computing, managing director of enterprise computing for the Americas, and managing director of the U.S. North Central region. Prior to joining Altair, Kunju was a project engineer at Ford Motor Company and a structural analyst at Chrysler Corporation.See more from Ravi KunjuWebinarsMore WebinarsReportsMore ReportsNever Miss a Beat: Get a snapshot of the issues affecting the IT industry straight to your inbox.SIGN-UPYou May Also Like #what #cios #need #know #about

Courtyard House without Second Floor | © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio In the dense urban fabric of Tokyo’s low-rise residential zones, the idea of a courtyard house often arrives burdened with contradictions. While courtyards promise tranquility, daylight, and spatial openness, they simultaneously risk exposure in neighborhoods where proximity to adjacent buildings is a constant reality. In Courtyard House without Second Floor, Takuro Yamamoto Architects responds to this tension not by enclosing the courtyard at ground level, as is typical in urban Japan, but by lifting it skyward and, in doing so, rethinking the basic assumptions of residential typology. Courtyard House without Second Floor Technical Information Architects1-11: Takuro Yamamoto Architects Location: Tokyo, Japan Area: 84.81 m2 | 912.87 Sq. Ft. Completion Year: 2023 Photographs: © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio By having a courtyard on the third floor where one does not need to worry about neighbors’ houses, and by making the living room that faces the courtyard the main living space, it is possible to propose a lifestyle of living with the sky. – Takuro Yamamoto Architects Courtyard House without Second Floor Photographs © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio © Ken’ichi Suzuki Photo Studio Rethinking the Urban Courtyard Typology In the dense urban fabric of Tokyo’s low-rise residential zones, the idea of a courtyard house often arrives burdened with contradictions. While courtyards promise tranquility, daylight, and spatial openness, they simultaneously risk exposure in neighborhoods where proximity to adjacent buildings is a constant reality. In Courtyard House without Second Floor, Takuro Yamamoto Architects responds to this tension not by enclosing the courtyard at ground level, as is typical in urban Japan, but by lifting it skyward and, in doing so, rethinking the basic assumptions of residential typology. Commissioned by a couple seeking privacy and serenity within a compact urban site, the house proposes a bold inversion of conventional planning. Rather than layering private and public functions vertically, the architects chose to eliminate the second floor entirely, allowing the first and third floors to operate in deliberate dialogue. The result is a residence that privileges visual and environmental connection with the sky while subtly redefining the relationship between floor height, program, and spatial character. Design Intent and Spatial Strategy: Living with the Sky At the core of the project lies a radical conceptual maneuver: displacing the courtyard from the ground to the third floor. This decision emerges from a critique of the traditional urban courtyard model. In this Tokyo neighborhood, where surrounding buildings are often taller and closely spaced, a ground-level courtyard would likely be overlooked, compromising its function as a private outdoor room. High surrounding walls could restore privacy but at the cost of daylight and spatial openness. By relocating the courtyard upward, above the line of sight of nearby houses, the architects enable a new kind of domestic experience centered on openness, air, and sky. The third floor becomes the primary living domain, composed of a light-filled living room that opens directly onto the rooftop courtyard. The courtyard, in turn, becomes not just a spatial device but a living boundary between interior and exterior, structured absence and atmospheric presence. This elevated void also informs the project’s volumetric logic. Since the clients required only a modest floor area, the architects chose to dispense with the intermediate second floor, enabling a clearer division of functions. Communal and spatially expansive activities are raised above, while intimate, enclosed functions occupy the ground level. This unusual strategy reorients how verticality is deployed not as a stacking of programs but as a spatial gradient calibrated to privacy, light, and openness. Materiality, Light, and Spatial Atmosphere Constructed using a rigid wooden frame structure, the house maintains a calm and tactile material palette, allowing spatial relationships and natural light to define its atmosphere. The first floor, often overlooked in vertically stratified dwellings, benefits from a double-height volume due to the absence of the second floor. This inversion creates unexpected generosity in typically constrained spaces, such as the two workrooms facing each other across a slender internal courtyard planted with a Japanese dogwood tree. Light becomes the central agent of spatial modulation. Tall windows on the first-floor drawing in daylight, softening the compactness of the lower level and offering fluctuating lighting conditions throughout the day. Meanwhile, the upper courtyard receives unobstructed sunlight, casting dynamic shadows and amplifying the architectural strategy of turning upward for openness. The spatial sequence thus becomes non-linear, entering into lower, quiet rooms whose expanded vertical dimensions lend them dignity before ascending to a third-floor realm that opens horizontally to the sky. Rather than a classical hierarchy of levels, the house presents a compositional field of contrasts between enclosure and exposure, compression and release, and ground and air. Courtyard House Urban Context Tokyo’s residential neighborhoods are defined not only by density but also by a highly codified regulatory environment. Within the constraints of a Type 1 restricted low-rise residential zone, the architects worked with a site area of 169.78 m², achieving a floor area ratio of 77.87% and a building coverage of just under 50%. These constraints typically lead to compact, stacked dwellings. Yet the Courtyard House without Second Floor resists this default model, proposing a typological deviation that extracts architectural generosity from regulatory discipline instead. Courtyard House without Second Floor Plans Floor Plan | © Takuro Yamamoto Architects Section | © Takuro Yamamoto Architects Elevation | © Takuro Yamamoto Architects Courtyard House without Second Floor Image Gallery About Takuro Yamamoto Architects Credits and Additional Notes Design Team: Takuro Yamamoto, Tomoko Yanagi Structural Design: NCN Corporation / Yuusuke Okamoto Construction: REMOL DESIGN / Hiroyuki Watanabe, Syuhei Watanabe Furniture: Tanaka Kogei / Toshiya Tanaka, Takeshi Minamizawa Structure: Wooden rigid frame Site Area: 169.78 m² Total Floor Area: 132.21 m² 1st Floor Area: 74.09 m² 3rd Floor Area: 58.12 m² Lot Percentage: 49.95% Floor Space Ratio: 77.87% #courtyard #house #without #second #floor

Ravi Kunju, Chief Product and Strategy Officer, AltairMay 16, 20254 Min ReadZoonar GmbH via Alamy StockCIOs looking to propel digital transformation face a daunting task. They need to harness the power of data analytics and artificial intelligence. They need to empower their employees and serve their customers with the best software tools, compute resources, data infrastructure, and more. Yet to achieve this, CIOs need to navigate a ballooning budget and technology partners who might be hiking prices without giving you more features. A recent Forrester report found that nearly 80% of US organizations reported increases in software costs over the past year. Moreover, 4 in 5 tech leaders said they anticipated their organization’s adoption of generative AI will increase software costs. Prices are going up.  Instead of cutting the technology offered, CIO should explore changing their software licensing to improve their bottom line. Though the board might not get excited about licensing changes, they should. Complex agreements, the wrong licensing models cost an organization dearly -- both financially and technologically.  At the enterprise level, new types of models are emerging that could improve a company’s bottom line, including one that mimics a library system. They’re challenging the traditional per-seat model and could be the future of software licensing.  Related:Traditional Per-Seat Software Licensing for the Right Tools The per seat model, or named user licensing, has its benefits. For instance, when you have a limited set of people who need specific tools, or where there can be individualized attributes or access controls, like an enterprise resource planning system or customer relationship management software. However, there is risk in extending similar models into other domains like engineering simulation. An engineer and their team solving complex problems and running virtual simulations on computers are using several tools, all for different purposes, stages of design, and use cases. The Office of the CFO isn’t using one spreadsheet app -- they’re using CRMs, databases, accounting, and budgeting tools, etc.  And the company’s needs go beyond software. Your organization needs hardware: cloud resources, high-performance computingpower, mainframes, and beyond.  For the wrong tools, named user licensing can be like owning a car that’s always left running, or it can cause traffic jams for projects if only one person has access to a specific software.  Token-Based Systems Make It Easier to Track Usage Consumption licensing models -- where everyone draws from a shared, but finite “tank” of resources-- can be an improvement. They house resources under a single licensing framework and allow different user personas to navigate between tools as needed. They also give organizations more insight into costs and usage. This is a popular cloud licensing model, though the technology is also seeing continued inflation costs.    Related:But the tank for consumption models can run dry very fast. When it’s empty, you have to pay for more fuel. Plus, having that tank isn’t always helpful for controlling costs. What if someone accidentally runs a compute job overnight that uses all your fuel? You can’t get it back -- you have to buy more and hope it doesn’t happen again. There’s never a guarantee you won’t overshoot your budget. Value-Based Models are Interesting, but Subjective Value-based licensing is a relatively newer software licensing concept aligned with business outcomes. The idea is that the cost of the software is based purely on the benefits to the end customer. These models are well-suited for solutions that can easily quantify business benefits; however, these can be subjective and hard to implement and scale. They can also extend the sales cycle and make every transaction unique.  Related:A Library Model Combines Other Emergent Licensing Trends Growing in popularity is the flexible-hybrid model, which combines consumption-based and value-based licensing with a predetermined capacity commitment that can’t be exceeded.  It’s like a community e-library, wherein a variety of books can be checked out when needed and checked back in when not in use. In this example, the flexible-hybrid model would work by making certain books available to a team to check out. The only determination then is how many books each team member will borrow at once.  With flexible-hybrid models, CIOs can often get the best of everything: software/hardware resources in a single, shared environment, seamless access to tools/resources when and how you need them, and a brake that prevents runaway costs.  Research from ITAM found that more than 76% of organizations considered themselves “over-licensed.” These emerging software licensing models could fix that number. However, we’ll only see it take off if CIOs start critically evaluating their licensing models and asking their vendors for the flexible-hybrid approach. While AI tops the list of many business leaders’ priorities right now, making sure to secure AI tools that everyone can use, and within budget, should be up there, too.  About the AuthorRavi Kunju Chief Product and Strategy Officer, AltairRavi Kunju is responsible for the strategy and vision of Altair products, which includes facilitating the development, sales, pricing, and marketing of Altair’s solutions for multiple industry verticals, across all business lines. Previously, Kunju held several leadership roles at Altair including vice president of business strategy for Altair’s manufacturing solutions, vice president of strategy for enterprise computing, managing director of enterprise computing for the Americas, and managing director of the U.S. North Central region. Prior to joining Altair, Kunju was a project engineer at Ford Motor Company and a structural analyst at Chrysler Corporation.See more from Ravi KunjuWebinarsMore WebinarsReportsMore ReportsNever Miss a Beat: Get a snapshot of the issues affecting the IT industry straight to your inbox.SIGN-UPYou May Also Like #what #cios #need #know #about

A recent study found that people with diets high in fat and sugar had worse spatial memory than those who ate these foods less often. This may not be much of a surprise. We’ve long known that unhealthy eating can contribute to the onset of cognitive decline. What may come as a surprise is that the people in this study were between the ages of 18 and 38.Do we need to start protecting our brains from cognitive decline while we’re still young? “Definitely,” says lead author of the study, Dominic Tran, a cognitive neuroscientist at the University of Sydney who focuses on learning, memory, and cognition.Fat, Sugar, and Impaired Brain FunctionFor the study, college students were asked to navigate a virtual maze to locate a treasure chest. In order to find the treasure chest, the subjects had to estimate distance and direction and remember the location of landmarks. They did this six times; in a seventh and final trial, researchers removed the treasure chest from the maze, and the students had to find its location by memory. The subjects with diets higher in saturated fat and refined sugar were worse at remembering how to find the location of the treasure chest. The results held even after the researchers controlled for body mass index, suggesting that the difference in cognitive function was related to the types of food being eatenand not to body weight.Tran and colleagues point out that the study was small and did not involve altering the diets of the subjects and comparing the differences before and after. Still, the study adds to a growing body of evidence that fat and sugar can contribute to impaired brain function, even in young people. “Over the past 10 years or so, there has been a lot of research investigating the impact of high-fat/high-sugar diets on cognitive functioning, and the results are quite worrying,” says Tran.Cognitive HealthMost of us don’t begin thinking about our cognitive health until we start having achy joints, or worse yet, begin to have trouble remembering words. But Francesa Farina urges us to start thinking about brain health while we’re still young. Farina is a neuroscientist with the Global Brain Health Institute, and much of her work centers on the detection of risk factors for dementia in young adulthood and midlife. “I think we still have a perception of Alzheimer's and dementias as diseases of old age,” she says. “But more and more, the science is telling us that the brain changes that underlie these diseases are happening 10, 20 years before that.” That means we need to start paying attention to our risk factors while we’re still young.Farina points out that some of the lifestyle factors that can increase the risk of dementia, such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, are becoming more frequent in young people. The good news is that lifestyle changes now can reduce the risk of cognitive problems down the road.It might be hard to convince young people that they need to make an effort now to reduce the risk of getting a disease they don’t expect to get until they’re older. But Tran’s research suggested that the effects of a poor diet can be felt right away. Perhaps we need a change in messaging. Farina recommends framing the discussion as “brain health” rather than dementia. And ensuring good brain health is a lifetime project. In fact, Farina says we need to consider these risk factors even in children.Not Too Late to Reduce Fat and SugarCan cognitive impairments like the ones in Tran’s study be reversed? Tran thinks it’s possible. “We are very hopeful that improvements to diet quality can improve cognitive deficits associated with unhealthy diets,” he says. His team plans to study that next. Meanwhile, his advice is to eat a healthy, balanced diet with reduced saturated fat and sugar. “You don’t have to cut these out completely,” he says, “but eating them in moderation, infrequently, should be the goal.”This article is not offering medical advice and should be used for informational purposes only.Article SourcesOur writers at Discovermagazine.com use peer-reviewed studies and high-quality sources for our articles, and our editors review for scientific accuracy and editorial standards. Review the sources used below for this article:International Journal of Obesity. Consumption of a diet high in fat and sugar is associated with worse spatial navigation ability in a virtual environmentNeuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. The impact of saturated fat, added sugar and their combination on human hippocampal integrity and function: A systematic review and meta-analysisAvery Hurt is a freelance science journalist. In addition to writing for Discover, she writes regularly for a variety of outlets, both print and online, including National Geographic, Science News Explores, Medscape, and WebMD. She’s the author of Bullet With Your Name on It: What You Will Probably Die From and What You Can Do About It, Clerisy Press 2007, as well as several books for young readers. Avery got her start in journalism while attending university, writing for the school newspaper and editing the student non-fiction magazine. Though she writes about all areas of science, she is particularly interested in neuroscience, the science of consciousness, and AI–interests she developed while earning a degree in philosophy. #too #much #sugar #fat #can

Cybersecurity researchers are calling attention to a new botnet malware called HTTPBot that has been used to primarily single out the gaming industry, as well as technology companies and educational institutions in China. "Over the past few months, it has expanded aggressively, continuously leveraging infected devices to launch external attacks," NSFOCUS said in a report published this week. "By employing highly simulated HTTP Flood attacks and dynamic feature obfuscation techniques, it circumvents traditional rule-based detection mechanisms." HTTPBot, first spotted in the wild in August 2024, gets its name from the use of HTTP protocols to launch distributed denial-of-service attacks. Written in Golang, it's something of an anomaly given its targeting of Windows systems. The Windows-based botnet trojan is noteworthy for its use in precisely targeted attacks aimed at high-value business interfaces such as game login and payment systems. "This attack with 'scalpel-like' precision poses a systemic threat to industries that rely on real-time interaction," the Beijing-headquartered company said. "HTTPBot marks a paradigm shift in DDoS attacks, moving from 'indiscriminate traffic suppression' to 'high-precision business strangulation.'" HTTPBot is estimated to have issued no less than 200 attack instructions since the start of April 2025, with the attacks designed to strike the gaming industry, technology companies, educational institutions, and tourism portals in China. Once installed and run, the malware conceals its graphical user interfaceto sidestep process monitoring by both users and security tools in an effort to increase the stealthiness of the attacks. It also resorts to unauthorized Windows Registry manipulation to ensure that it's run automatically on system startup. The botnet malware then proceeds to establish contact with a command-and-controlserver to await further instructions to execute HTTP flood attacks against specific targets by sending a high volume of HTTP requests. It supports various attack modules - BrowserAttack, which involves using hidden Google Chrome instances to mimic legitimate traffic while exhausting server resources HttpAutoAttack, which makes use of a cookie-based approach to accurately simulate legitimate sessions HttpFpDlAttack, which uses the HTTP/2 protocol and opts for an approach that seeks to increase the CPU loader on the server by coercing it into returning large responses WebSocketAttack, which uses "ws://" and "wss://" protocols to establish WebSocket connections PostAttack, which forces the use of HTTP POST to conduct the attack CookieAttack, which adds a cookie processing flow based on the BrowserAttack attack method "DDoS Botnet families tend to congregate on Linux and IoT platforms," NSFOCUS said. "However, the HTTPBot Botnet family has specifically targeted the Windows platform." "By deeply simulating protocol layers and mimicking legitimate browser behavior, HTTPBot bypasses defenses that rely on protocol integrity. It also continuously occupies server session resources through randomized URL paths and cookie replenishment mechanisms, rather than relying on sheer traffic volume." Found this article interesting? Follow us on Twitter  and LinkedIn to read more exclusive content we post. #new #httpbot #botnet #launches #precision