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  • #333;">By Shoving a Bed Frame Against the Door, This Pompeii Family Tried to Survive Mount Vesuvius' Eruption

    New Research
    By Shoving a Bed Frame Against the Door, This Pompeii Family Tried to Survive Mount Vesuvius’ Eruption
    Archaeologists are learning new details about the four individuals’ futile attempt to hide inside an ancient residence called the House of Helle and Phrixus

    A bed frame shoved against the door served as a makeshift barricade.
    Pompeii Archaeological Park
    In 79 C.E., Mount Vesuvius erupted, spewing ash and small volcanic pellets known as lapilli over the city of Pompeii.
    Nearly 1,950 years later, archaeologists are still sifting through the layers of debris and making remarkable discoveries about life—and death—in the ancient city.
    Researchers recently discovered four members of a family, including a child, who attempted to escape the eruption by barricading themselves inside a bedroom, according to a statement from the Pompeii Archaeological Park.
    Though their efforts were futile, their remains provide remarkable insight into the doomed city’s final moments.
    When the eruption began, most residents of Pompeii “had no clue what was happening,” Gabriel Zuchtriegel, director of the park and co-author of a new study published in the journal Scavi di Pompei, tells the New York Times’ Sara Novak.
    “Many thought the end of the world had come.”
    A majority of the 15,000 to 20,000 residents of Pompeii and nearby Herculaneum fled and survived the eruption.
    The four family members were among the roughly 2,000 Pompeians who remained when the city was destroyed.

    As Helle struggles in the sea, Phrixus reaches out to his sister from atop a flying ram.


    Pompeii Archaeological Park
    Archaeologists found the family’s remains in a small but stately residence known as the House of Helle and Phrixus, named after a fresco of the mythological siblings discovered on the dining room wall.
    In Greek myth, the siblings survive their stepmother’s attempt to sacrifice them to the gods by flying away on a ram with a golden fleece.
    While Phrixus escapes, Helle falls off the ram into the sea.
    The fresco captures the siblings reaching out to each other—Helle in the sea, Phrixus on the ram—in a fittingly futile attempt at rescue.
    The architectural features of the house may have accelerated the family’s demise.
    Like many Roman houses, the House of Helle and Phrixus featured an open-roofed atrium, intended to aid rainwater collection.
    But as lapilli fell from the sky during the first phase of the eruption, the rock debris, which reached up to nine feet in some locations, quickly flooded the house through the atrium.
    At first, the archaeological evidence shows, the four individuals tried to protect themselves by packing into a small room.
    They even pushed a wooden bed frame against the door, hoping that it would prevent the lapilli from entering.When that failed, the researchers think they pulled back the barricade and attempted to escape.
    Based on the location of the remains, they only got as far as the triclinium, or dining room.
    “This house, with its decorations and its objects, shows us people who tried to save themselves,” says Zuchtriegel in the statement, per a translation by La Brújula Verde’s Guillermo Carvajal.
    “They didn’t succeed, but their story is still here, beneath the ashes.”
    Over the centuries, the ash preserved the remains of the family, the wooden bed frame and other items, including a bronze amulet known as a bulla and a stash of amphorae filled with garum, a popular Roman fish sauce.

    Ash and lapilli flooded into through the open-roofed atrium, burying the house in up to nine feet of debris.


    Pompeii Archaeological Park
    Researchers don’t know that this particular family owned the House of Helle and Phrixus.
    The group may have taken refuge there after the owners fled, as Marcello Mogetta, an archaeologist and Roman art historian at the University of Missouri who wasn’t involved in the study, tells the Times.
    Still, the recovered objects offer a glimpse into Pompeian family life.
    For instance, the child was likely the one wearing the bronze bulla, as tradition dictated that boys wear such amulets for protection until adulthood.
    Additionally, traces of masonry materials suggest that the house was under renovation.
    As Zuchtriegel says in the statement, “Excavating Pompeii means confronting the beauty of art, but also the fragility of life.”
    Get the latest stories in your inbox every weekday.
    #0066cc;">#shoving #bed #frame #against #the #door #this #pompeii #family #tried #survive #mount #vesuvius039 #eruption #new #researchby #vesuvius #eruptionarchaeologists #are #learning #details #about #four #individuals #futile #attempt #hide #inside #ancient #residence #called #house #helle #and #phrixus #shoved #served #makeshift #barricade #archaeological #parkin #vesuviuserupted #spewing #ash #small #volcanic #pellets #known #aslapilli #over #city #ofpompeiinearly #years #later #archaeologists #still #sifting #through #layers #debris #making #remarkable #discoveries #lifeand #deathin #cityresearchers #recently #discovered #members #including #child #who #attempted #escape #barricading #themselves #bedroom #according #astatement #from #thepompeii #parkthough #their #efforts #were #remains #provide #insight #into #doomed #citys #final #momentswhen #began #most #residents #had #clue #what #was #happeninggabriel #zuchtriegel #director #park #coauthor #study #published #journalscavi #pompei #tells #thenew #york #times #sara #novakmany #thought #end #world #comea #majority #nearby #herculaneumfled #survived #eruptionthe #among #roughly #pompeians #remained #when #destroyed #struggles #seaphrixus #reaches #out #his #sister #atop #flying #ram #parkarchaeologists #found #familys #but #stately #named #after #afresco #mythological #siblings #dining #room #wallin #greek #myth #stepmothers #sacrifice #them #gods #away #with #golden #fleecewhile #escapes #falls #off #seathe #fresco #captures #reaching #each #otherhelle #sea #ramin #fittingly #rescuethe #architectural #features #may #have #accelerated #demiselike #many #roman #houses #featured #openroofed #atrium #intended #aid #rainwater #collectionbut #lapilli #fell #sky #during #first #phase #rock #which #reached #nine #feet #some #locations #quickly #flooded #atriumat #evidence #shows #protect #packing #roomthey #even #pushed #wooden #hoping #that #would #prevent #enteringwhen #failed #researchers #think #they #pulled #back #escapebased #location #only #got #far #triclinium #roomthis #its #decorations #objects #people #save #says #statement #per #translation #byla #brújula #verdes #guillermo #carvajalthey #didnt #succeed #story #here #beneath #ashesover #centuries #preserved #other #items #bronze #amulet #abulla #stash #amphorae #filled #garum #apopular #fish #sauce #burying #parkresearchers #dont #know #particular #owned #phrixusthe #group #taken #refuge #there #owners #fled #marcello #mogetta #archaeologist #art #historian #university #missouri #wasnt #involved #timesstill #recovered #offer #glimpse #pompeian #lifefor #instance #likely #one #wearing #bulla #tradition #dictated #boys #wear #such #amulets #for #protection #until #adulthoodadditionally #traces #masonry #materials #suggest #under #renovationas #excavating #means #confronting #beauty #also #fragility #lifeget #latest #stories #your #inbox #every #weekday
    By Shoving a Bed Frame Against the Door, This Pompeii Family Tried to Survive Mount Vesuvius' Eruption
    New Research By Shoving a Bed Frame Against the Door, This Pompeii Family Tried to Survive Mount Vesuvius’ Eruption Archaeologists are learning new details about the four individuals’ futile attempt to hide inside an ancient residence called the House of Helle and Phrixus A bed frame shoved against the door served as a makeshift barricade. Pompeii Archaeological Park In 79 C.E., Mount Vesuvius erupted, spewing ash and small volcanic pellets known as lapilli over the city of Pompeii. Nearly 1,950 years later, archaeologists are still sifting through the layers of debris and making remarkable discoveries about life—and death—in the ancient city. Researchers recently discovered four members of a family, including a child, who attempted to escape the eruption by barricading themselves inside a bedroom, according to a statement from the Pompeii Archaeological Park. Though their efforts were futile, their remains provide remarkable insight into the doomed city’s final moments. When the eruption began, most residents of Pompeii “had no clue what was happening,” Gabriel Zuchtriegel, director of the park and co-author of a new study published in the journal Scavi di Pompei, tells the New York Times’ Sara Novak. “Many thought the end of the world had come.” A majority of the 15,000 to 20,000 residents of Pompeii and nearby Herculaneum fled and survived the eruption. The four family members were among the roughly 2,000 Pompeians who remained when the city was destroyed. As Helle struggles in the sea, Phrixus reaches out to his sister from atop a flying ram. Pompeii Archaeological Park Archaeologists found the family’s remains in a small but stately residence known as the House of Helle and Phrixus, named after a fresco of the mythological siblings discovered on the dining room wall. In Greek myth, the siblings survive their stepmother’s attempt to sacrifice them to the gods by flying away on a ram with a golden fleece. While Phrixus escapes, Helle falls off the ram into the sea. The fresco captures the siblings reaching out to each other—Helle in the sea, Phrixus on the ram—in a fittingly futile attempt at rescue. The architectural features of the house may have accelerated the family’s demise. Like many Roman houses, the House of Helle and Phrixus featured an open-roofed atrium, intended to aid rainwater collection. But as lapilli fell from the sky during the first phase of the eruption, the rock debris, which reached up to nine feet in some locations, quickly flooded the house through the atrium. At first, the archaeological evidence shows, the four individuals tried to protect themselves by packing into a small room. They even pushed a wooden bed frame against the door, hoping that it would prevent the lapilli from entering.When that failed, the researchers think they pulled back the barricade and attempted to escape. Based on the location of the remains, they only got as far as the triclinium, or dining room. “This house, with its decorations and its objects, shows us people who tried to save themselves,” says Zuchtriegel in the statement, per a translation by La Brújula Verde’s Guillermo Carvajal. “They didn’t succeed, but their story is still here, beneath the ashes.” Over the centuries, the ash preserved the remains of the family, the wooden bed frame and other items, including a bronze amulet known as a bulla and a stash of amphorae filled with garum, a popular Roman fish sauce. Ash and lapilli flooded into through the open-roofed atrium, burying the house in up to nine feet of debris. Pompeii Archaeological Park Researchers don’t know that this particular family owned the House of Helle and Phrixus. The group may have taken refuge there after the owners fled, as Marcello Mogetta, an archaeologist and Roman art historian at the University of Missouri who wasn’t involved in the study, tells the Times. Still, the recovered objects offer a glimpse into Pompeian family life. For instance, the child was likely the one wearing the bronze bulla, as tradition dictated that boys wear such amulets for protection until adulthood. Additionally, traces of masonry materials suggest that the house was under renovation. As Zuchtriegel says in the statement, “Excavating Pompeii means confronting the beauty of art, but also the fragility of life.” Get the latest stories in your inbox every weekday.
    #shoving #bed #frame #against #the #door #this #pompeii #family #tried #survive #mount #vesuvius039 #eruption #new #researchby #vesuvius #eruptionarchaeologists #are #learning #details #about #four #individuals #futile #attempt #hide #inside #ancient #residence #called #house #helle #and #phrixus #shoved #served #makeshift #barricade #archaeological #parkin #vesuviuserupted #spewing #ash #small #volcanic #pellets #known #aslapilli #over #city #ofpompeiinearly #years #later #archaeologists #still #sifting #through #layers #debris #making #remarkable #discoveries #lifeand #deathin #cityresearchers #recently #discovered #members #including #child #who #attempted #escape #barricading #themselves #bedroom #according #astatement #from #thepompeii #parkthough #their #efforts #were #remains #provide #insight #into #doomed #citys #final #momentswhen #began #most #residents #had #clue #what #was #happeninggabriel #zuchtriegel #director #park #coauthor #study #published #journalscavi #pompei #tells #thenew #york #times #sara #novakmany #thought #end #world #comea #majority #nearby #herculaneumfled #survived #eruptionthe #among #roughly #pompeians #remained #when #destroyed #struggles #seaphrixus #reaches #out #his #sister #atop #flying #ram #parkarchaeologists #found #familys #but #stately #named #after #afresco #mythological #siblings #dining #room #wallin #greek #myth #stepmothers #sacrifice #them #gods #away #with #golden #fleecewhile #escapes #falls #off #seathe #fresco #captures #reaching #each #otherhelle #sea #ramin #fittingly #rescuethe #architectural #features #may #have #accelerated #demiselike #many #roman #houses #featured #openroofed #atrium #intended #aid #rainwater #collectionbut #lapilli #fell #sky #during #first #phase #rock #which #reached #nine #feet #some #locations #quickly #flooded #atriumat #evidence #shows #protect #packing #roomthey #even #pushed #wooden #hoping #that #would #prevent #enteringwhen #failed #researchers #think #they #pulled #back #escapebased #location #only #got #far #triclinium #roomthis #its #decorations #objects #people #save #says #statement #per #translation #byla #brújula #verdes #guillermo #carvajalthey #didnt #succeed #story #here #beneath #ashesover #centuries #preserved #other #items #bronze #amulet #abulla #stash #amphorae #filled #garum #apopular #fish #sauce #burying #parkresearchers #dont #know #particular #owned #phrixusthe #group #taken #refuge #there #owners #fled #marcello #mogetta #archaeologist #art #historian #university #missouri #wasnt #involved #timesstill #recovered #offer #glimpse #pompeian #lifefor #instance #likely #one #wearing #bulla #tradition #dictated #boys #wear #such #amulets #for #protection #until #adulthoodadditionally #traces #masonry #materials #suggest #under #renovationas #excavating #means #confronting #beauty #also #fragility #lifeget #latest #stories #your #inbox #every #weekday
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    By Shoving a Bed Frame Against the Door, This Pompeii Family Tried to Survive Mount Vesuvius' Eruption
    New Research By Shoving a Bed Frame Against the Door, This Pompeii Family Tried to Survive Mount Vesuvius’ Eruption Archaeologists are learning new details about the four individuals’ futile attempt to hide inside an ancient residence called the House of Helle and Phrixus A bed frame shoved against the door served as a makeshift barricade. Pompeii Archaeological Park In 79 C.E., Mount Vesuvius erupted, spewing ash and small volcanic pellets known as lapilli over the city of Pompeii. Nearly 1,950 years later, archaeologists are still sifting through the layers of debris and making remarkable discoveries about life—and death—in the ancient city. Researchers recently discovered four members of a family, including a child, who attempted to escape the eruption by barricading themselves inside a bedroom, according to a statement from the Pompeii Archaeological Park. Though their efforts were futile, their remains provide remarkable insight into the doomed city’s final moments. When the eruption began, most residents of Pompeii “had no clue what was happening,” Gabriel Zuchtriegel, director of the park and co-author of a new study published in the journal Scavi di Pompei, tells the New York Times’ Sara Novak. “Many thought the end of the world had come.” A majority of the 15,000 to 20,000 residents of Pompeii and nearby Herculaneum fled and survived the eruption. The four family members were among the roughly 2,000 Pompeians who remained when the city was destroyed. As Helle struggles in the sea, Phrixus reaches out to his sister from atop a flying ram. Pompeii Archaeological Park Archaeologists found the family’s remains in a small but stately residence known as the House of Helle and Phrixus, named after a fresco of the mythological siblings discovered on the dining room wall. In Greek myth, the siblings survive their stepmother’s attempt to sacrifice them to the gods by flying away on a ram with a golden fleece. While Phrixus escapes, Helle falls off the ram into the sea. The fresco captures the siblings reaching out to each other—Helle in the sea, Phrixus on the ram—in a fittingly futile attempt at rescue. The architectural features of the house may have accelerated the family’s demise. Like many Roman houses, the House of Helle and Phrixus featured an open-roofed atrium, intended to aid rainwater collection. But as lapilli fell from the sky during the first phase of the eruption, the rock debris, which reached up to nine feet in some locations, quickly flooded the house through the atrium. At first, the archaeological evidence shows, the four individuals tried to protect themselves by packing into a small room. They even pushed a wooden bed frame against the door, hoping that it would prevent the lapilli from entering.When that failed, the researchers think they pulled back the barricade and attempted to escape. Based on the location of the remains, they only got as far as the triclinium, or dining room. “This house, with its decorations and its objects, shows us people who tried to save themselves,” says Zuchtriegel in the statement, per a translation by La Brújula Verde’s Guillermo Carvajal. “They didn’t succeed, but their story is still here, beneath the ashes.” Over the centuries, the ash preserved the remains of the family, the wooden bed frame and other items, including a bronze amulet known as a bulla and a stash of amphorae filled with garum, a popular Roman fish sauce. Ash and lapilli flooded into through the open-roofed atrium, burying the house in up to nine feet of debris. Pompeii Archaeological Park Researchers don’t know that this particular family owned the House of Helle and Phrixus. The group may have taken refuge there after the owners fled, as Marcello Mogetta, an archaeologist and Roman art historian at the University of Missouri who wasn’t involved in the study, tells the Times. Still, the recovered objects offer a glimpse into Pompeian family life. For instance, the child was likely the one wearing the bronze bulla, as tradition dictated that boys wear such amulets for protection until adulthood. Additionally, traces of masonry materials suggest that the house was under renovation. As Zuchtriegel says in the statement, “Excavating Pompeii means confronting the beauty of art, but also the fragility of life.” Get the latest stories in your inbox every weekday.
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  • Humans have shockingly few ways to treat fungal infections







    Health & Medicine




    Humans have shockingly few ways to treat fungal infections

    Antifungal vaccines and drugs are in the works, but progress is achingly slow







    Fungi-infested zombies in The Last of Us are hard to kill.
    Fungal infections are on the rise in the real world, and while they don’t zombify people, there are precious few antifungal treatments.


    Courtesy of HBO








    By Tina Hesman Saey
    10 seconds ago







    Fighting fungi isn’t easy.
    Season two of the streaming series The Last of Us has arrived on Max (light spoilers ahead), bringing viewers back to a world where people combat zombies puppeteered by a mind-controlling fungus.
    Guns and flames help the characters survive onscreen.
    In the real world, fighting fungal infections is less action-packed, but no less fraught.
    At the heart of the show is Ellie (Bella Ramsey), a girl immune to the pandemic fungus.
    The new season picks up after Joel (Pedro Pascal) saves Ellie from a doctor who wanted to remove her brain to find the source of her immunity and make a cure.



    Sign up for our newsletter

    We summarize the week's scientific breakthroughs every Thursday.

    Source: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/fungal-infection-drug-vaccine-zombie
    #humans #shockingly #ways #treat #fungal #infections
    Humans have shockingly few ways to treat fungal infections
    Health & Medicine Humans have shockingly few ways to treat fungal infections Antifungal vaccines and drugs are in the works, but progress is achingly slow Fungi-infested zombies in The Last of Us are hard to kill. Fungal infections are on the rise in the real world, and while they don’t zombify people, there are precious few antifungal treatments. Courtesy of HBO By Tina Hesman Saey 10 seconds ago Fighting fungi isn’t easy. Season two of the streaming series The Last of Us has arrived on Max (light spoilers ahead), bringing viewers back to a world where people combat zombies puppeteered by a mind-controlling fungus. Guns and flames help the characters survive onscreen. In the real world, fighting fungal infections is less action-packed, but no less fraught. At the heart of the show is Ellie (Bella Ramsey), a girl immune to the pandemic fungus. The new season picks up after Joel (Pedro Pascal) saves Ellie from a doctor who wanted to remove her brain to find the source of her immunity and make a cure. Sign up for our newsletter We summarize the week's scientific breakthroughs every Thursday. Source: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/fungal-infection-drug-vaccine-zombie #humans #shockingly #ways #treat #fungal #infections
    WWW.SCIENCENEWS.ORG
    Humans have shockingly few ways to treat fungal infections
    Health & Medicine Humans have shockingly few ways to treat fungal infections Antifungal vaccines and drugs are in the works, but progress is achingly slow Fungi-infested zombies in The Last of Us are hard to kill. Fungal infections are on the rise in the real world, and while they don’t zombify people, there are precious few antifungal treatments. Courtesy of HBO By Tina Hesman Saey 10 seconds ago Fighting fungi isn’t easy. Season two of the streaming series The Last of Us has arrived on Max (light spoilers ahead), bringing viewers back to a world where people combat zombies puppeteered by a mind-controlling fungus. Guns and flames help the characters survive onscreen. In the real world, fighting fungal infections is less action-packed, but no less fraught. At the heart of the show is Ellie (Bella Ramsey), a girl immune to the pandemic fungus. The new season picks up after Joel (Pedro Pascal) saves Ellie from a doctor who wanted to remove her brain to find the source of her immunity and make a cure. Sign up for our newsletter We summarize the week's scientific breakthroughs every Thursday.
    ·55 Views
  • #333;">These Vegetables Require Less Water Than Most
    Everything is more expensive this year, and that likely includes utilities like your water bill.
    While growing vegetables in your yard can be enchanting and empowering, it isn’t very efficient (compared to farms) in terms of water usage.
    There are a number of ways to become more efficient and sustainable, including using drip irrigation, but another way is to only plant vegetables that don't need too much water to begin with.
    Watering at the root is keyBefore I get to the specific vegetables, it's important to go over a few general watering tips.Remember that vegetables get hydration through their roots, which live underground.
    Watering from above, like a hose or sprinkler, has problems: you’re getting the plants wet more than the roots, which creates conditions for disease spread; you’re watering less precisely, therefore wasting water; and the impact of the water against the dirt causes droplets to bounce back up with whatever fungus or viruses are in the dirt, also spreading disease.
    Watering gently and consistently at ground level with drip irrigation is the best option for both the plant and your wallet. To ensure you’re watering efficiently, group plants with similar watering needs together in your garden, so you can set the drip appropriately to water less. But even more important is remembering that roots grow over time.
    A new seedling has shallow roots, whereas an end-of-season plant has deeply established roots.
    More roots means that the plant can absorb more water from deeper underground.
    Less roots means less hydration from the soil, so more water is needed at a shallower depth.
    (Though some vegetables, like corn and lettuce, will always be shallow rooted, and thus aren’t good candidates for less water.)Hothouse plantsAccording to Oregon State University, a tomato plant's need for watering is negated by the deep roots the plants establish over the season.
    As above, you want to water sufficiently early in the season as roots are established while taking care not to over water, which will result in those roots staying close to the surface.
    If the plant needs water, those roots will grow deeper in search of moisture.
    Reducing water greatly, if not cutting it off entirely mid-season, shouldn’t harm your harvest.
    The lack of surface water will reduce disease spread, and tomatoes will ripen if you reduce their watering.
    It’s not only tomatoes, either: Squash, which includes zucchini, summer and winter squash, as well as melons, eggplants, and hot peppers all behave the same in terms of water needs and roots. Beans





    Credit: Amanda Blum


    Most beans, particularly pole beans, have adapted to drought conditions over time.
    As such, they can survive and produce flowers and fruit with minimal moisture.
    Beans require water to germinate, so if you direct sow, ensure the seeds have consistent moisture levels.
    Once germinated, you can reduce (but not eliminate) water.
    Since beans have such a short season (usually 60 days or less), they require less water simply by existing for less time.
    Less moisture is going to reduce common bean problems like powdery mildew, a quickly spreading surface fungus.Chard and okra





    Credit: Amanda Blum


    For some heat hardier vegetables like chard and okra, they still require water, but do better with weekly or every-other-weekly deep watering, as opposed to daily drip.
    Okra is native to drier climates and prefers less water.
    The deep roots of the plant allow it to draw enough water from the soil to sustain itself.
    Chard and kale can use their huge leaves to shade the ground, which is an effective form of moisture retention.
    Occasional deep waterings will be enough for the plant to continue growing.Blueberries prefer less moistureI know, blueberries are a fruit and not a vegetable, but I felt compelled to include the advice here anyway.
    Consider it a bonus tip.
    A few years ago, Micah Geiselman, a blueberry farmer from Morning Shade Farm in Canby came to inspect my many bushes, and he had surprising advice: “People over-water their blueberries,” he explained to me.
    They appreciate good drainage and do better with less water. I’ve since changed the elevation of my blueberries to ensure better drainage and moved watering lines further away—the results were astounding.
    I experienced better yields, but the berries themselves were plumper and better tasting.
    This isn’t conclusive, of course, since there are too many variables to account for, but I take the advice of a blueberry expert seriously. 
    #666;">المصدر: https://lifehacker.com/home/these-vegetables-require-less-water?utm_medium=RSS" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;">lifehacker.com
    #0066cc;">#these #vegetables #require #less #water #than #most #everything #more #expensive #this #year #and #that #likely #includes #utilities #like #your #billwhile #growing #yard #can #enchanting #empowering #isnt #very #efficient #compared #farms #terms #usagethere #are #number #ways #become #sustainable #including #using #drip #irrigation #but #another #way #only #plant #don039t #need #too #much #begin #withwatering #the #root #keybefore #get #specific #it039s #important #over #few #general #watering #tipsremember #hydration #through #their #roots #which #live #undergroundwatering #from #above #hose #sprinkler #has #problems #youre #getting #plants #wet #creates #conditions #for #disease #spread #precisely #therefore #wasting #impact #against #dirt #causes #droplets #bounce #back #with #whatever #fungus #viruses #also #spreading #diseasewatering #gently #consistently #ground #level #best #option #both #walletto #ensure #efficiently #group #similar #needs #together #garden #you #set #appropriately #lessbut #even #remembering #grow #timea #new #seedling #shallow #whereas #endofseason #deeply #established #rootsmore #means #absorb #deeper #undergroundless #soil #needed #shallower #depththough #some #corn #lettuce #will #always #rooted #thus #arent #good #candidates #waterhothouse #plantsaccording #oregon #state #university #tomato #plant039s #negated #deep #establish #seasonas #want #sufficiently #early #season #while #taking #care #not #result #those #staying #close #surfaceif #search #moisturereducing #greatly #cutting #off #entirely #midseason #shouldnt #harm #harvestthe #lack #surface #reduce #tomatoes #ripen #wateringits #either #squash #zucchini #summer #winter #well #melons #eggplants #hot #peppers #all #behave #same #rootsbeans #credit #amanda #blum #beans #particularly #pole #have #adapted #drought #timeas #such #they #survive #produce #flowers #fruit #minimal #moisturebeans #germinate #direct #sow #seeds #consistent #moisture #levelsonce #germinated #eliminate #watersince #short #usually #days #simply #existing #timeless #going #common #bean #powdery #mildew #quickly #funguschard #okra #heat #hardier #chard #still #better #weekly #everyotherweekly #opposed #daily #dripokra #native #drier #climates #prefers #waterthe #allow #draw #enough #sustain #itselfchard #kale #use #huge #leaves #shade #effective #form #retentionoccasional #waterings #continue #growingblueberries #prefer #moisturei #know #blueberries #vegetable #felt #compelled #include #advice #here #anywayconsider #bonus #tipa #years #ago #micah #geiselman #blueberry #farmer #morning #farm #canby #came #inspect #many #bushes #had #surprising #people #overwater #explained #methey #appreciate #drainage #waterive #since #changed #elevation #moved #lines #further #awaythe #results #were #astoundingi #experienced #yields #berries #themselves #plumper #tastingthis #conclusive #course #there #variables #account #take #expert #seriously
    These Vegetables Require Less Water Than Most
    Everything is more expensive this year, and that likely includes utilities like your water bill. While growing vegetables in your yard can be enchanting and empowering, it isn’t very efficient (compared to farms) in terms of water usage. There are a number of ways to become more efficient and sustainable, including using drip irrigation, but another way is to only plant vegetables that don't need too much water to begin with. Watering at the root is keyBefore I get to the specific vegetables, it's important to go over a few general watering tips.Remember that vegetables get hydration through their roots, which live underground. Watering from above, like a hose or sprinkler, has problems: you’re getting the plants wet more than the roots, which creates conditions for disease spread; you’re watering less precisely, therefore wasting water; and the impact of the water against the dirt causes droplets to bounce back up with whatever fungus or viruses are in the dirt, also spreading disease. Watering gently and consistently at ground level with drip irrigation is the best option for both the plant and your wallet. To ensure you’re watering efficiently, group plants with similar watering needs together in your garden, so you can set the drip appropriately to water less. But even more important is remembering that roots grow over time. A new seedling has shallow roots, whereas an end-of-season plant has deeply established roots. More roots means that the plant can absorb more water from deeper underground. Less roots means less hydration from the soil, so more water is needed at a shallower depth. (Though some vegetables, like corn and lettuce, will always be shallow rooted, and thus aren’t good candidates for less water.)Hothouse plantsAccording to Oregon State University, a tomato plant's need for watering is negated by the deep roots the plants establish over the season. As above, you want to water sufficiently early in the season as roots are established while taking care not to over water, which will result in those roots staying close to the surface. If the plant needs water, those roots will grow deeper in search of moisture. Reducing water greatly, if not cutting it off entirely mid-season, shouldn’t harm your harvest. The lack of surface water will reduce disease spread, and tomatoes will ripen if you reduce their watering. It’s not only tomatoes, either: Squash, which includes zucchini, summer and winter squash, as well as melons, eggplants, and hot peppers all behave the same in terms of water needs and roots. Beans Credit: Amanda Blum Most beans, particularly pole beans, have adapted to drought conditions over time. As such, they can survive and produce flowers and fruit with minimal moisture. Beans require water to germinate, so if you direct sow, ensure the seeds have consistent moisture levels. Once germinated, you can reduce (but not eliminate) water. Since beans have such a short season (usually 60 days or less), they require less water simply by existing for less time. Less moisture is going to reduce common bean problems like powdery mildew, a quickly spreading surface fungus.Chard and okra Credit: Amanda Blum For some heat hardier vegetables like chard and okra, they still require water, but do better with weekly or every-other-weekly deep watering, as opposed to daily drip. Okra is native to drier climates and prefers less water. The deep roots of the plant allow it to draw enough water from the soil to sustain itself. Chard and kale can use their huge leaves to shade the ground, which is an effective form of moisture retention. Occasional deep waterings will be enough for the plant to continue growing.Blueberries prefer less moistureI know, blueberries are a fruit and not a vegetable, but I felt compelled to include the advice here anyway. Consider it a bonus tip. A few years ago, Micah Geiselman, a blueberry farmer from Morning Shade Farm in Canby came to inspect my many bushes, and he had surprising advice: “People over-water their blueberries,” he explained to me. They appreciate good drainage and do better with less water. I’ve since changed the elevation of my blueberries to ensure better drainage and moved watering lines further away—the results were astounding. I experienced better yields, but the berries themselves were plumper and better tasting. This isn’t conclusive, of course, since there are too many variables to account for, but I take the advice of a blueberry expert seriously. 
    المصدر: lifehacker.com
    #these #vegetables #require #less #water #than #most #everything #more #expensive #this #year #and #that #likely #includes #utilities #like #your #billwhile #growing #yard #can #enchanting #empowering #isnt #very #efficient #compared #farms #terms #usagethere #are #number #ways #become #sustainable #including #using #drip #irrigation #but #another #way #only #plant #don039t #need #too #much #begin #withwatering #the #root #keybefore #get #specific #it039s #important #over #few #general #watering #tipsremember #hydration #through #their #roots #which #live #undergroundwatering #from #above #hose #sprinkler #has #problems #youre #getting #plants #wet #creates #conditions #for #disease #spread #precisely #therefore #wasting #impact #against #dirt #causes #droplets #bounce #back #with #whatever #fungus #viruses #also #spreading #diseasewatering #gently #consistently #ground #level #best #option #both #walletto #ensure #efficiently #group #similar #needs #together #garden #you #set #appropriately #lessbut #even #remembering #grow #timea #new #seedling #shallow #whereas #endofseason #deeply #established #rootsmore #means #absorb #deeper #undergroundless #soil #needed #shallower #depththough #some #corn #lettuce #will #always #rooted #thus #arent #good #candidates #waterhothouse #plantsaccording #oregon #state #university #tomato #plant039s #negated #deep #establish #seasonas #want #sufficiently #early #season #while #taking #care #not #result #those #staying #close #surfaceif #search #moisturereducing #greatly #cutting #off #entirely #midseason #shouldnt #harm #harvestthe #lack #surface #reduce #tomatoes #ripen #wateringits #either #squash #zucchini #summer #winter #well #melons #eggplants #hot #peppers #all #behave #same #rootsbeans #credit #amanda #blum #beans #particularly #pole #have #adapted #drought #timeas #such #they #survive #produce #flowers #fruit #minimal #moisturebeans #germinate #direct #sow #seeds #consistent #moisture #levelsonce #germinated #eliminate #watersince #short #usually #days #simply #existing #timeless #going #common #bean #powdery #mildew #quickly #funguschard #okra #heat #hardier #chard #still #better #weekly #everyotherweekly #opposed #daily #dripokra #native #drier #climates #prefers #waterthe #allow #draw #enough #sustain #itselfchard #kale #use #huge #leaves #shade #effective #form #retentionoccasional #waterings #continue #growingblueberries #prefer #moisturei #know #blueberries #vegetable #felt #compelled #include #advice #here #anywayconsider #bonus #tipa #years #ago #micah #geiselman #blueberry #farmer #morning #farm #canby #came #inspect #many #bushes #had #surprising #people #overwater #explained #methey #appreciate #drainage #waterive #since #changed #elevation #moved #lines #further #awaythe #results #were #astoundingi #experienced #yields #berries #themselves #plumper #tastingthis #conclusive #course #there #variables #account #take #expert #seriously
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    These Vegetables Require Less Water Than Most
    Everything is more expensive this year, and that likely includes utilities like your water bill. While growing vegetables in your yard can be enchanting and empowering, it isn’t very efficient (compared to farms) in terms of water usage. There are a number of ways to become more efficient and sustainable, including using drip irrigation, but another way is to only plant vegetables that don't need too much water to begin with. Watering at the root is keyBefore I get to the specific vegetables, it's important to go over a few general watering tips.Remember that vegetables get hydration through their roots, which live underground. Watering from above, like a hose or sprinkler, has problems: you’re getting the plants wet more than the roots, which creates conditions for disease spread; you’re watering less precisely, therefore wasting water; and the impact of the water against the dirt causes droplets to bounce back up with whatever fungus or viruses are in the dirt, also spreading disease. Watering gently and consistently at ground level with drip irrigation is the best option for both the plant and your wallet. To ensure you’re watering efficiently, group plants with similar watering needs together in your garden, so you can set the drip appropriately to water less. But even more important is remembering that roots grow over time. A new seedling has shallow roots, whereas an end-of-season plant has deeply established roots. More roots means that the plant can absorb more water from deeper underground. Less roots means less hydration from the soil, so more water is needed at a shallower depth. (Though some vegetables, like corn and lettuce, will always be shallow rooted, and thus aren’t good candidates for less water.)Hothouse plantsAccording to Oregon State University, a tomato plant's need for watering is negated by the deep roots the plants establish over the season. As above, you want to water sufficiently early in the season as roots are established while taking care not to over water, which will result in those roots staying close to the surface. If the plant needs water, those roots will grow deeper in search of moisture. Reducing water greatly, if not cutting it off entirely mid-season, shouldn’t harm your harvest. The lack of surface water will reduce disease spread, and tomatoes will ripen if you reduce their watering. It’s not only tomatoes, either: Squash, which includes zucchini, summer and winter squash, as well as melons, eggplants, and hot peppers all behave the same in terms of water needs and roots. Beans Credit: Amanda Blum Most beans, particularly pole beans, have adapted to drought conditions over time. As such, they can survive and produce flowers and fruit with minimal moisture. Beans require water to germinate, so if you direct sow, ensure the seeds have consistent moisture levels. Once germinated, you can reduce (but not eliminate) water. Since beans have such a short season (usually 60 days or less), they require less water simply by existing for less time. Less moisture is going to reduce common bean problems like powdery mildew, a quickly spreading surface fungus.Chard and okra Credit: Amanda Blum For some heat hardier vegetables like chard and okra, they still require water, but do better with weekly or every-other-weekly deep watering, as opposed to daily drip. Okra is native to drier climates and prefers less water. The deep roots of the plant allow it to draw enough water from the soil to sustain itself. Chard and kale can use their huge leaves to shade the ground, which is an effective form of moisture retention. Occasional deep waterings will be enough for the plant to continue growing.Blueberries prefer less moistureI know, blueberries are a fruit and not a vegetable, but I felt compelled to include the advice here anyway. Consider it a bonus tip. A few years ago, Micah Geiselman, a blueberry farmer from Morning Shade Farm in Canby came to inspect my many bushes, and he had surprising advice: “People over-water their blueberries,” he explained to me. They appreciate good drainage and do better with less water. I’ve since changed the elevation of my blueberries to ensure better drainage and moved watering lines further away—the results were astounding. I experienced better yields, but the berries themselves were plumper and better tasting. This isn’t conclusive, of course, since there are too many variables to account for, but I take the advice of a blueberry expert seriously. 
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