The final five episodes of Cobra Kai are now on Netflix, ending an almost seven-year journey deep into the world of The Karate Kid. Its a show weve held near and dear to our hearts since the beginning (read our love letter to it here) and these episodes are the cherry on top. The black belt around the waist before your final match. Are they perfect? Almost! We definitely have a few nitpicks but, more than not, watching the story of Cobra Kai and Miyagi-Do end was an incredibly rewarding, entertaining experience that hit all the right punches. And kicks. Below you can read about what we loved, and didnt love, in part three of season six of Cobra Kai, its final episodes. But beware. Its full of major, major spoilers. Johnny and Miguel Netflix We loved: Johnny Lawrence By the end of Cobra Kai, one thing is more than certainthis show was about Johnny Lawrence. It certainly began that way back at the start, but as the story went on, Johnny and Daniel kind of ended up sharing the spotlight. Here though, in the final episodes, Johnny came back to the forefront, and it was glorious. We see him grow up as he becomes a father again and asks Carmen to marry him (the montage of him bettering himself is perfect). He gets to unload his trauma from Sensai Kreese (with probably Zabkas best acting across the entire series), and, of course, he wins the Sekai Taiki by beating the unbeatable Sensei Wolf. Plus, he does that by going against his Crane Kick instinctsa perfect piece of character-building slash nostalgic payoff. We all think hes going to crane kick. Of course, he should crane kick. But his not doing it, and learning from that moment, is everything for both Johnny and Cobra Kai as a whole.Also, did you notice the final episode is called Ex-Degenerate which mirrors the shows first episode called Ace Degenerate? Those are both from Johnnys first lines of dialogue in the very first movie, a full-circle moment of the bad guy finally becoming the good one he long wanted to be. We loved: Youre the Best Wed been waiting years for it. An occasion big enough, a moment grand enough, for Cobra Kai to bring back Karate Kids most famous song. And boy did the show find it in the finale, as we watch Daniel LaRusso train Johnny Lawerence for the biggest match of his life. Its one of those moments you have to pinch yourself as you watch because you cant believe its happening.We didnt love: The yacht And by The Yacht we mean, the deaths of John Kreese and Terry Silver. Cobra Kai has always been pretty cheesyit shares that in common with the original filmsbut killing the two baddest guys on the show, in one singular, bombastic, soap opera moment was just kind of laughable. And it may have been okay had it been acknowledged in any way in the final episode, but its not. Just a throwaway line about Silvers location. Its a funny, ballsy choice, but we wanted something better for such a massive moment. Kreese finally did some good things Netflix We loved: Kreeses redemption As the seasons wore on, you got a sense John Kreese had to eventually atone for everything hed done. And hed done a lot, going all the way back to the movies where he regularly ruined the lives of literal children. So, it was beyond satisfying that in these final episodes, we saw him take responsibility for his action and apologize to Johnny for severely screwing up his life. He also pays him back by letting Johnny return to Cobra Kai, and then sacrifices himself so that Johnny can finally be the champion he was born to be. Martin Kove also did some of his finest work in these episodes, bringing a fitting end (minus the explosion) to one of the most notorious bad guys in cinema history. We loved: The final fights Tori knocking out Zaras teeth. The show flashing back to moments of Miguels past as he uses everything hes learned to beat Axel. The final fights of the Sekai Taiki truly earned their place as the ultimate fights in a show about fighting. We got to see Tori and Miguel, the two most accomplished warriorsand probably most complex charactersachieve heights they never thought possible in scenes filled with emotion and excitement. Oh, and Robbies fight with Axel earlier on was pretty fun and intense too. There was just fantastic, character-driven action in these episodes, some of the best in the series.We didnt love: Sekai Taikai logistics When the Sekai Taikai was in Barcelona, it felt epic. But in the Valley, as much as it made sense as a full circle moment, it did not feel that way. If the tournament is as big and important as the show implies, is it really appropriate that it be held in an old gym with like 200 people there? Sure, the show tries to bolster it with the TV coverage featuring Kevin Burkhardt (who literally announced the Super Bowl last week) and Ryan Clark, but that never matched what was actually on screen. It felt way too short and small for what its supposed to be. The timing of it all was also confusing. When are these matches taking place? How much time passes between them? When it gets to the sudden death final, Silver says to Johnny the fight is tomorrow, but then at least one whole day of training passes in between. Its all handled in a sloppy manner unbefitting of Cobra Kai.And dont even get us started on by far the worst part of these episodes: the fan-made signs in the crowd. Oh my god, they are terrible. I almost made them their own category but, alas, I like the show too much to be that mean. But theyre bad. Wax on! Do a flip! Yeah, sure. We love these two but wow the signs are bad. Netflix We loved: The rebirth of Cobra Kai Back to the good stuff! At the end of the day, the show is called Cobra Kai, not The Karate Kid. So it was pretty magical how all the pieces are moved into place at the end for Miguel to join Tori back on Cobra Kai, for Johnny to once again become their sensei, and for Daniel to put on the black and yellow one more time. All of which then leads to a Cobra Kai victory, launching it into a new stratosphere, along with its partnership with Miyagi-Do. The very final moment during the credits, in which Daniel and Johnny continue to talk about their students, is such a beautiful note to end on. The legacy left by these two will go on forever. We loved: Smart, more subtle nostalgia Cobra Kai has always been filled with lots of big, obvious winks back to the original series and these episodes are no exception. From Youre the Best song to bringing back Darryl Vidal as the ref and the chopsticks, there are plenty of big callbacks to go around. But these final episodes went really hard on the smaller stuff too. Throw away lines like You did well out there young man, or the mailman wanting to bring his wife to Miyagis backyard, are subtle but obvious to superfans. Miguel racing to catch Sam on her way to Okinawa is another. There are probably more well catch watching again. But it was just a perfect balance of nostalgia. (Oh, and anyone complaining that Hilary Swanks Julie Pierce didnt show up, rewatch that movie. Its so bad that Im very glad she didnt come back and remind us of it.)We didnt love: Episode 11 The final four episodes of Cobra Kai are basically perfect. Each one is better than the last. But that first episode back, episode 11, called Into the Fire, really drags by comparison. Daniel is all mad at the dealership. Kim kills her grandfather. Johnny and Silver show up to Daniels house (okay, that part was kind of cool). All of this is crucial to set up the final four episodes but, in comparison, is sorely lacking. Thankfully, each of the next four more than makes up for the one subpar installment. Cameos even extend to the cars. Image: Netflix We loved: Returning to the Valley While bringing the Sekai Taikai to the Valley wasnt all that great, the Cobra Kai team shoot scenes in the Valley were. The montage of Johnny and Daniel driving around in Daniels yellow Mr. Miyagi car past all these Valley landmarks, seeing Daniels old apartment, and the two of them running down Ventura Boulevard like something out of Rocky, really helped tie the story back to the original movies and elevate the drama. We loved: Where things left off In the end, each of our characters ended up where they needed to be. Robbie and Tori end up together pursuing a lucrative career in karate. The Binary Bros., Hawk and Dimitri, go to college together. Sam and Miguel get the education of their dreams, and a trip in between to figure out the future, while Johnny and Daniel continue to teach new students. The show then graduates some of the great secondary characters like Kenny, Devon, and Anthony, to leadership status. While wed love to see whats next, because of how everyone ends up, we know theyll all be all right. We didnt love: Miyagis resolution The previous 10 episodes of season six seeded some tantalizing mysteries about Mr. Miyagi, mainly that he fled America after beating the crap out of a guy and that he killed another in the Sekai Taikai. Well, the answer to the former gets shoved in the final episode (he was getting his wifes stolen pearls back) and we never learn any more about Miyagi at the tournament. Its a small thing, of course, the show was never about him, but we wouldve liked a more satisfying closure. Maybe in a prequelIn conclusion Sure, the signs at the tournament were kind of lame. And yes, maybe Kreese and Silver died a bit over-dramatically. Nevertheless, these final episodes of Cobra Kai were absolutely wonderful. They worked incredibly hard to pay off things fans of the original Karate Kid wanted, while also giving every single character a meaningful place to grow. And, in the end, the show lived up to its original ideawhat if the bad guy from The Karate Kid wasnt that bad of a guy? Johnny Lawrence isnt a bad guy. Hes a great guy. And, now hes the owner of the worlds most famous dojo: Cobra Kai. The way it probably always should have been. Even Mr. Miyagi would give that a very enthusiastic smile and nod. Want more io9 news? Check out when to expect the latest Marvel, Star Wars, and Star Trek releases, whats next for the DC Universe on film and TV, and everything you need to know about the future of Doctor Who.

Bunkhouse / Material Design Build LLCSave this picture! MDBUnited StatesArchitects: Material Design Build LLCAreaArea of this architecture projectArea:2500 ftYearCompletion year of this architecture project Year: 2023 PhotographsPhotographs:MDBManufacturersBrands with products used in this architecture project Manufacturers: Buderus, Keystone Vintage Lumber, Pella Windows, Wightman Lumber Lead Architects: Material Design Build LLC More SpecsLess SpecsSave this picture!Text description provided by the architects. MDB was selected to complete the design, specifications and build this unique structure at Beaver Brook , a retreat in rural Sullivan County, NY. We worked closely with the client and our subcontractors to create a building that would serve as a "bunkhouse," to flexibly accommodate large groups of visitors throughout the year and do so in a manner that conveys the client's modern sensibilities and appreciation for honest, robust materials.Save this picture!The building sits at the top of a steep slope, a challenging building site. The excavator carefully graded the site and erected a retaining wall of large stones found on the hillside. The core of the building is a 19th century timber-frame barn atop a poured concrete foundation and half-basement. We modified the frame to accomodate large windows capturing strategic views of the site and created floor planes designed for living (not animals or hay).Save this picture!Save this picture!Save this picture!The building materials are a mix of rustic and refined. Regionally-sourced, reclaimed materials yellow pine beams from Brooklyn warehouses are now the stair treads, countertops and kitchen cabinetry. Antique barn flooring from Pennsylvania was planed on one side and serves as the second and third floor surfaces. Leaded glass windows were sourced from a defunct Singer Sewing Machine Factory. Local, sustainably harvested new materials were used as well. The interior is clad in white pine shiplap boards from New York sawmills, painted white. To replace damaged rafters from the original frame, a new set was milled from trees cleared during construction.Save this picture!The building incorporates energy-efficient technologies as well. The timber frame is clad in structural insulated panels (SIPs) that insulate the whole building to R-40. The space is heated by a high-efficiency condensing boiler that warms the radiant floors of the basement and first story, and flat-panel Runtal radiators elsewhere. A Zehnder heat recovery ventilator (HRV) ensures fresh, purified air in the super-tight building envelope while preserving its temperature.Save this picture!Save this picture!In the house's exposed frame, various parts of these systems are on display. MDB worked closely with our subcontractors to integrate and celebrate these elements in artful execution. We particularly enjoyed collaborating with our metal fabricator to design the centerpiece: a hanging steel staircase and mezzanine.Save this picture!The house now comfortably hosts up to 25 people many of whom enjoy the land throughout the year.Collaborators included Baukraft , American Joinery , and Recycling the Past .Save this picture!Project gallerySee allShow lessAbout this officeMaterialWoodMaterials and TagsPublished on February 13, 2025Cite: "Bunkhouse / Material Design Build LLC" 13 Feb 2025. ArchDaily. Accessed . <https://www.archdaily.com/1026235/bunkhouse-material-design-build-llc&gt ISSN 0719-8884Save!ArchDaily?You've started following your first account!Did you know?You'll now receive updates based on what you follow! Personalize your stream and start following your favorite authors, offices and users.Go to my stream

In today's shader tutorial, we add a parameter to our simple lighting model to control how metallic the surface is. And we a adjust the model so it includes the math required for metallic surfaces.Take a look at the playlist for the whole series:https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL78XDi0TS4lGnGa7L2X4o3UV-XYZEKNwj Here's last week's video on putting together the simple lighting model:https://youtu.be/pxp68A6Wlfg Shader Book Recommendationshttps://www.bencloward.com/resources_books.shtml ------------------------------Theme MusicPeace in the Circuitry - Glitch Hophttp://teknoaxe.com/Link_Code_3.php?q=1526 Background MusicSpeo - The Little Thingshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvCYuyyLgC0 #UnrealEngine #shadergraph #Unity

Overlap madness animation using Random Flow.Shops:blendermarket.com/creators/blenderguppygumroad.com/blenderguppyPatreon:patreon.com/blenderguppy#b3d #conceptart #blender3d #blenderaddon #blendermarket

Early in the Ozempic explosion, many users reported drastic loss of food cravings ranging from specific vegetables to junk foods and desserts. Some even said they lost their taste for beer and wine.A group of scientists jumped on those anti-alcohol anecdotes and decided to see if the weight loss drug could also serve as a treatment for alcohol addiction. They reported promising findings in JAMA Psychiatry. The study reported that a small weekly dose of the drug, compared to a placebo, cut down on craving, quantity, and frequency of alcohol use.This discovery is especially promising because alcohol abuse is both prevalent and problematic. In terms of prevalence, according to the U.S. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 28.1 million adults who are 18 and older reported some form of alcohol use disorder in 2023. Younger age groups also reported significant alcohol abuse.Barriers to SobrietyThe problem is twofold. Alcohol abuse has many major health effects. And, like many addictions, it is difficult to treat successfully.That abuse often turns into major health problems, including death. The U.S. Surgeon General attributed about 178,000 U.S. deaths per year to alcohol. Many heavy drinkers also suffer from liver and heart disease. And more recent research can be attributed to alcohol.Meanwhile, existing treatments have been a mixed bag, at best. Even though a third of U.S. adults have reported heavy drinking at some point in their lives, few have sought treatment. And of those who do, only a fraction are successful.Read More: Here's How Ozempic Actually Works for Weight LossReducing Alcohol and SmokingTo study semaglutide, the active ingredient in both Ozempic and Wegovy, researchers essentially recreated a bar-like setting but started its guests out with a kind of shot not normally associated with a tavern.The researchers assembled 48 adults with untreated alcohol use disorder. Men had an average of 14 drinks in a week, as well as two or more episodes with five or more. Women averaged seven a week, with two or more instances of four or more drinks.A week before their first injection, participants assembled in the bar-like lab setting. They could consume their preferred beverage over two hours. They received injections for nine weeks before re-assembling at the lab.The researchers found that semaglutide had a stronger effect than other medications designed to reduce alcohol cravings. The semaglutide group significantly reduced their number of heavy drinking days. In the last month, that group reported no heavy drinking days compared to 20 percent of the placebo group. A few smokers in the semaglutide group also greatly reduced the number of cigarettes per day.Promising Results with CaveatsThe study was both relatively small (clinical trials for medication routinely use hundreds, if not thousands of participants) and relatively short term. But its results are, nonetheless, promising especially since semaglutide is already an approved medicine.These data suggest the potential of semaglutide and similar drugs to fill an unmet need for the treatment of alcohol use disorder, Klara Klein of the University of North Carolina School of Medicine and an author of the paper said in a press release. Larger and longer studies in broader populations are needed to fully understand the safety and efficacy in people with alcohol use disorder, but these initial findings are promising.This article is not offering medical advice and should be used for informational purposes only.Article SourcesOur writers at Discovermagazine.com use peer-reviewed studies and high-quality sources for our articles, and our editors review for scientific accuracy and editorial standards. Review the sources used below for this article:JAMA Psychiatry. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults With Alcohol Use DisorderNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) in the United States: Age Groups and Demographic CharacteristicsBefore joining Discover Magazine, Paul Smaglik spent over 20 years as a science journalist, specializing in U.S. life science policy and global scientific career issues. He began his career in newspapers, but switched to scientific magazines. His work has appeared in publications including Science News, Science, Nature, and Scientific American.

A research pilot program on Sable Island, Nova Scotia, is fitting heart monitors on grey seal pups to collect information on activity, heart rate, and EKG readings, helping researchers learn more about animal health and how much energy they are expending. Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionShareDuring bitter cold Canadian winters, roughly 300,000 to 400,000 grey seals meet up on Sable Island. This remote sandbar off the coast of Nova Scotia is where the pinnipeds rest, breed, give birth to their pups, and mingle with the islands wild horses.Sable Islands population of grey seals has skyrocketed in recent decades, yet about 90 percent of pups die during their first year. Increased competition for food could be behind this high mortality rate, so monitoring this population is crucial for protecting them. Researchers from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in Massachusetts and its partner groups have studied them over the past several winters. However, this year is the first time that theyre getting a closer look at the pups hearts. Get the Popular Science newsletter By signing up you agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy.The team is running a small pilot program that is putting heart monitors on six seal pups. These seal Fitbits can collect data on their heart rate and even EKG readings. This, in turn, tells the scientists about the seals overall health and how much energy they are expending. The data reveals more about how the pups are getting ready to go out to sea and develop their diving abilitieswhich are critical to their overall survival. Seal pups only stay with their mothers to nurse for 15 to 20 days before its time for them to learn to swim and go off on their own.Grey seals have large amounts of oxygen-carrying proteins acting as a sort of internal scuba tank so that they can make long underwater dives, said WHOI marine biologist Michelle Shero.The pups go from being nursed on land, to being suddenly weaned and having to transition to making a living in the ocean. They have to be able to hold their breath for long durations and slow their heart rate on dives so that they use their oxygen stores slowly.WHOI scientists worked with WHOI engineers to modify and outfit baby grey seals with heart monitors. Some considerations included size, battery, and memory life. CREDIT: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. According to Shero, earlier seal heart rate loggers have either been too invasive or needed a human standing within range of the seal with a receiver in order to get the real-time data. However, as wearable technology like fitness monitors and personal EKGs become smaller, researchers are finding advantages for using them to monitor animal health as well.Shero and WHOI engineer Ben Weiss worked together to modify and outfit a tiny monitor with a long battery life and memory.WHOI engineers adapted an off-the-shelf component to develop a prototype heart monitor for field research. 3D printers at WHOIs new Dunkworks facility are opening up further innovation for WHOI engineers and researchers.CREDIT: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. What makes this an exciting innovation is that we were able to adapt an off the shelf component in a highly creative application, Weiss said.The early trial monitors are showing promise, sending back EKG readings, the duration between heart beats, and other crucial data. The researchers are also using special cameras to take thermal videos of the pups while wearing heart rate monitors. This will help them expand new methods for more hands-off monitoring of the animals health in real world settings.The research team is taking thermal videos of the pups while wearing the heart monitors, to continue to expand new methods for more hands-off monitoring of in-situ animal health. CREDIT: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. This project represents the kind of advancements in marine science that come out of collaborations between scientists and engineers, said Weiss.We hope to continue this next year, Shero added. The pilot program showing that these monitors worked really well, will hopefully be very useful as we look for additional funding and support to expand from here to answer bigger questions about animal and population health.

Stack CommerceShareWe may earn revenue from the products available on this page and participate in affiliate programs. Learn more Yuck! The strawberries and spinach you just boughtwith every intention of blending into a refreshing smoothieare spoiling already. It seems like our produce rots the minute theyre out of the grocery store (cough, cough, Trader Joes), and thats because theyre not locally sourced. You could avoid this by shopping at your local farmers market, but not all of us have time or live near one.Instead of wasting $10 on strawberries, why not switch where youre stocking up on produce? You can find locally grown, fresh fruits and veggies at BJs Wholesale Club (and plenty of other goods) at incredible value.Youll need to join as a member to shop, but you can join for one year with The Club+ Card for $40, which comes with Easy Renewal and $40 in rewards after you spend $120 in 30 days.The destination for fresh produce, home goods, and moreYou dont need to grow your own fruits or veggies for the freshest producejust stop by BJs to save up to 25% on regular grocery store prices!The wholesale club offers plenty of produce grown within your state or even just a stones throw away. You can find the sweetest berries and seasonal veggies like corn, cantaloupe, and butternut squash at prices that beat what Whole Foods or your local farmers market sells them for.Aside from delicious produce, you can find practically anything under BJs roof. Discover incredible values on household goods, cleaning supplies, seasonal decor, furniture, electronics, and more. Shop at BJs to redecorate your home under budget or get a head start on holiday shopping!You wont just find awesome deals on everything from gifts to daily goodsboth BJs memberships can help you save up to five cents per gallon when you fill your car up at a BJs Gas (at select locations). Depending on your spending within the first 30 days, you could earn $40 in rewards to apply to future purchases or fill-ups!Say goodbye to spoiling produce and discover incredible value when you join with a 1-year The Club+ Card Membership With Easy Renewal for $40. Spend $120 in your first 30 days of membership to score a $40 reward!StackSocial prices subject to change.$40 for a 1-year The Club+ Card Membership with BJs Easy Renewal + a $40 reward after making a $120 purchase. (Terms apply.)See Deal

Even though immense rains repeatedly pummeled California in 2023, they barely helped recharge aquifers drawn down by decades of drought and human pumping, a new study reveals.About one-third of the water supply in Los Angeles, which is susceptible to long dry spells, comes from groundwater. But in the first three months of 2023, more than a dozen atmospheric rivers long, narrow weather systems chock full of water vapor brought rainfall to the West Coast. Then, in August, hurricane Hilary spilled rain over Southern California. Statewide, precipitation for the year measured well over double its 20th century average. Altogether, the January-through-August precipitation added more than 90 billion gallons of water into surface reservoirs in the Los Angeles area.That moisture almost completely recharged the regions near-surface aquifers. But deeper water-bearing layers hardly gained any relief, William Ellsworth, a seismologist at Stanford University, and his team report February 13 in Science.To make that assessment, Ellsworth and his colleagues looked at how the water that had percolated down into previously parched layers of permeable rock affected the speed of seismic waves traveling through them. Previous teams have used ever-present seismic noise both from small quakes and from human causes such as traffic and industrial activity to map faults and other subterranean characteristics.What many researchers consider seismic noise is free information, which is there in the earth every day, Ellsworth says. To be able to do something with that is really exciting.By analyzing vibrations of different frequencies, Ellsworth and the team could identify any changes due to water infiltration as deep as hundreds of meters below the surface.Overall, the team notes, only about 25 percent of the water lost from the regions aquifers since 2006 was replenished by the storms of 2023.Getting a 3-D picture of water storge in aquifers over time is pretty exciting, says Roland Brgmann, a geophysicist at University of California, Berkeley. Although the technique shows promise, many regions dont have the large dense networks of seismic instruments that California does. But for those areas, researchers might be able to extract useful information from underground fiber-optic networks equipped with the right sensors.

In the opening scene of The Lion King, animals of every stripe, spot and tusk march in unison across the African plains, bound by an unseen thread of connection.This iconic moment mirrors a natural phenomenon in the wild: zebras forging unlikely alliances with giraffes and traveling as a unified herd.This real-life stripes-meets-spots pairing appears to serve a vital strategic purpose. Zebras and giraffes form a symbiotic bond that boosts both species chances of survival in a landscape teeming with lions and other threats, researchers report in a study in press for the April issue of American Naturalist. By attaching video cameras to zebras, the team documented for the first time how the two different species often move together over extended periods a mixed-species union that likely helps to minimize predation and maximize feeding opportunities.Camera collars on six wild zebras in South Africa captured weeks of footage from their lives. An analysis of clips, including those shown here, helped researchers spot interesting behaviors and time spent with other species particularly giraffes.This is an amazing use of novel technology to answer questions about animal decision-making, says Melissa Schmitt, a large mammal ecologist at the University of North Dakota in Grand Forks who was not involved in the research. Were getting very detailed insights from the perspective of the zebra that weve never really had before.The study focused on the movement and feeding patterns of six plains zebras (Equus quagga) each in a different social group as they roamed the hilly savannas and bushy grasslands of Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, a 130-year-old nature preserve located a few hours drive from Durban, South Africa.A trio of ecologists Romain Dejeante, Marion Valeix and Simon Chamaill-Jammes at the Center for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology in Montpellier, France, sifted through hours of video footage captured intermittently over several weeks. They found that zebras spent around a quarter of their daytime hours in the company of other species. Primarily the equines mingled with impalas, the most abundant large mammal in the park, but the zebras also gathered alongside buffalo, wildebeest and giraffes.Not all mixed-species interactions were equal, though. The zebras spent roughly twice as much time per interaction with giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) as with other animals an average of 2.2 hours compared with about one hour with impalas and other ungulates. More notably, only with giraffes did zebras synchronize their movements and feeding patterns on the go, often grazing while traveling alongside their long-necked companions.A zebra wearing a video-equipped collar helped reveal coordinated movement with giraffes, highlighting the species mutual reliance for survival.Romain Dejeante/CNRSThe alliance appears to benefit both species, notes Dejeante, who is now at the University of Guelph in Canada. Giraffes, with their towering height and sharp vision, serve as vigilant sentinels, providing early warning of approaching predators. Zebras offer safety in numbers, creating a bustling herd that deters potential attacks and reduces the chances of any one individual being targeted.To Chamaill-Jammes, the findings underscore the complexity of mixed-species relationships. An ecosystem is not just a pile of independent species. Its really a world of interactions, he says.This insight holds valuable lessons for conservation and wildlife management, notes T. Michael Anderson, a savanna ecologist at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, N.C., who was not involved in the research. These ecosystems evolved as multispecies assemblages, he says and so protecting them requires preserving the natural relationships that sustain the ecosystems.Its a Disney trope confirmed by ecology: No one thrives alone in the Circle of Life.

Nature, Published online: 13 February 2025; doi:10.1038/d41586-025-00439-yKennedy has expressed support for some fields, but has also declared hed like a break in infectious-disease research.